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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 27

Question 260

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A business-critical order API has no measured user-facing latency objective and responders cannot tell if changes make availability worse. Which architecture decision best meets that precise requirement?

  1. Define service level indicators and targets in CloudWatch dashboards and alarms grounded in request success and p95 latency
  2. Gate a least-privilege Systems Manager Automation runbook with an aws:approve step and retain change approval and execution records
  3. Evaluate on-demand capacity or auto scaling where appropriate and check hot partition keys
  4. Pair an AWS Config detection rule with controlled Systems Manager Automation remediation and change safeguards

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Operational excellence requires observable application SLOs tied to business-critical behavior. The required architecture outcome is: A business-critical order API has no measured user-facing latency objective and responders cannot tell if changes make availability worse. Validate this choice by checking that Release decisions reference tracked error rate and latency burn rather than raw instance uptime alone.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Administrators run sensitive maintenance scripts with no enforced approval or trail. The specific problem here is that engineers measure host utilization but not the outcomes experienced by users.

C:

Capacity planning ignores demand spikes or hot keys that concentrate requests. The specific problem here is that engineers measure host utilization but not the outcomes experienced by users.

D:

Config findings are left as unactioned notifications while risky drift remains exposed. The specific problem here is that engineers measure host utilization but not the outcomes experienced by users.

Question 261

For the enterprise requirement "A large S3 estate has unknown replication, storage-class, and lifecycle patterns that drive storage expense", the team implemented this change: Use S3 Storage Lens metrics to identify expensive bucket-level and organization-wide storage trends. What should operations verify instead of relying on configuration alone?

  1. Dashboards identify targeted buckets with abnormal storage patterns and lifecycle candidates
  2. Approved application accounts can create authorized attachments to the centrally owned gateway
  3. Tested resized instances meet p95 latency goals while recommended savings are observed
  4. Finance can reconcile detailed usage line items to accounts and cost categories

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. S3 Storage Lens supports visibility into storage activity and efficiency metrics. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A large S3 estate has unknown replication, storage-class, and lifecycle patterns that drive storage expense.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Approved application accounts can create authorized attachments to the centrally owned gateway. However, this does not establish the required outcome: dashboards identify targeted buckets with abnormal storage patterns and lifecycle candidates.

C:

Tested resized instances meet p95 latency goals while recommended savings are observed. However, this does not establish the required outcome: dashboards identify targeted buckets with abnormal storage patterns and lifecycle candidates.

D:

Finance can reconcile detailed usage line items to accounts and cost categories. However, this does not establish the required outcome: dashboards identify targeted buckets with abnormal storage patterns and lifecycle candidates.

Question 262

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: Audit findings in application accounts must trigger an event-driven central incident triage workflow. What explains why the stated requirement was not met?

  1. Overlapping network prefixes make ordinary VPC peering route selection ambiguous
  2. All accounts share one indiscriminate service-control policy despite different risk profiles
  3. Events remain confined to local account buses because cross-account bus authorization is absent
  4. Each application team is provisioning its own disconnected backbone gateway

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. EventBridge cross-account routing requires rules and resource-based permissions. The appropriate correction is: Publish permitted events across account boundaries to a central EventBridge event bus with explicit resource policy. The control should then be tested by verifying that Events from a test member account reach the central incident workflow and unauthorized senders are rejected.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Overlapping network prefixes make ordinary VPC peering route selection ambiguous. The stated evidence instead indicates: Events remain confined to local account buses because cross-account bus authorization is absent.

B:

All accounts share one indiscriminate service-control policy despite different risk profiles. The stated evidence instead indicates: Events remain confined to local account buses because cross-account bus authorization is absent.

D:

Each application team is provisioning its own disconnected backbone gateway. The stated evidence instead indicates: Events remain confined to local account buses because cross-account bus authorization is absent.

Question 263

For the enterprise requirement "A product catalog on DynamoDB receives many repeated eventually consistent key lookups and requires microsecond cache responses", the team implemented this change: Introduce DynamoDB DAX for supported cacheable read paths and check data freshness requirements. Which evidence confirms the intended behavior under test?

  1. File-system throughput reaches target under representative concurrent processing without exhausted credits
  2. Clients use accelerator anycast addresses and connect to the healthy regional endpoint with improved path latency
  3. The repeated key lookup hits DAX with lower latency while noncacheable paths use the underlying table
  4. A poison message goes to the DLQ after configured attempts while valid following messages proceed

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. DAX offers managed in-memory caching for eligible DynamoDB read workloads. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A product catalog on DynamoDB receives many repeated eventually consistent key lookups and requires microsecond cache responses.

Incorrect Answers

A:

File-system throughput reaches target under representative concurrent processing without exhausted credits. However, this does not establish the required outcome: the repeated key lookup hits DAX with lower latency while noncacheable paths use the underlying table.

B:

Clients use accelerator anycast addresses and connect to the healthy regional endpoint with improved path latency. However, this does not establish the required outcome: the repeated key lookup hits DAX with lower latency while noncacheable paths use the underlying table.

D:

A poison message goes to the DLQ after configured attempts while valid following messages proceed. However, this does not establish the required outcome: the repeated key lookup hits DAX with lower latency while noncacheable paths use the underlying table.

Question 264

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A high-throughput EC2 network service shows packet processing CPU saturation and must exploit modern instance network acceleration. Which selection is defensible under the given constraints?

  1. Evaluate on-demand capacity or auto scaling where appropriate and check hot partition keys
  2. Use compatible enhanced networking drivers and appropriately sized instance network bandwidth
  3. Configure and verify Route 53 failover records with endpoint health checks and explicit secondary routing
  4. Select an appropriate EBS gp3 volume with independently provisioned performance settings and test application throughput

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Enhanced networking capabilities require compatible instance types and operating-system drivers. The required architecture outcome is: A high-throughput EC2 network service shows packet processing CPU saturation and must exploit modern instance network acceleration. Validate this choice by checking that Representative traffic reaches required throughput with improved CPU efficiency and no driver errors.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Capacity planning ignores demand spikes or hot keys that concentrate requests. The specific problem here is that unsupported drivers or unsuitable instance networking features cap throughput.

C:

Passive regional copies exist without health-driven endpoint selection. The specific problem here is that unsupported drivers or unsuitable instance networking features cap throughput.

D:

Gp2 capacity-linked performance assumptions lead to wasteful storage growth. The specific problem here is that unsupported drivers or unsuitable instance networking features cap throughput.

Question 265

An architecture review recommends this solution: Configure supported KMS key rotation policy and validate old ciphertext decrypt behavior under the same logical key. The motivating situation is: Compliance requires a formal rotation process for customer-managed KMS keys without breaking historical ciphertext. Which technical principle most strongly justifies this recommendation?

  1. DynamoDB PITR restores to a selected point within its available recovery window
  2. Access Analyzer detects eligible resource trust outside its zone of trust
  3. WAF logs provide request and rule evaluation evidence for security tuning
  4. KMS key rotation retains ability to decrypt data encrypted with earlier key material

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Configure supported KMS key rotation policy and validate old ciphertext decrypt behavior under the same logical key. The expected supporting evidence is: New cryptographic material is used when rotation occurs while previously encrypted data remains decryptable.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Standard short-lived backups cannot recover the exact chosen accidental-update point. The stated evidence instead indicates: Teams confuse key material rotation with replacing the KMS key ID and losing access to old data.

B:

Resource-based trust was not evaluated beyond local IAM identity permission reports. The stated evidence instead indicates: Teams confuse key material rotation with replacing the KMS key ID and losing access to old data.

C:

WAF rules are deployed without visibility into which requests they affect. The stated evidence instead indicates: Teams confuse key material rotation with replacing the KMS key ID and losing access to old data.

Question 266

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A mission-critical RDS instance is single-AZ and routine maintenance causes extended application downtime. Which selection is defensible under the given constraints?

  1. Configure the supported subscription delivery policy, retries and dead-letter queue where applicable
  2. Design a supported Multi-AZ deployment with reconnection handling and execute maintenance drills
  3. Enable supported Container Insights telemetry for task and service performance diagnostics
  4. Correct target group health checks and deployment deregistration timing based on actual readiness semantics

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

RDS Multi-AZ maintains standby capacity for high availability and managed failover. The required architecture outcome is: A mission-critical RDS instance is single-AZ and routine maintenance causes extended application downtime. Validate this choice by checking that Database failover restarts service within the tested objective after a zone loss.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Failed notifications disappear because no supported retry and DLQ design is in place. The specific problem here is that the application is exposed to one database host or zonal compute failure.

C:

Only instance host metrics exist and individual container bottlenecks cannot be isolated. The specific problem here is that the application is exposed to one database host or zonal compute failure.

D:

Health checks use an unrelated always-200 endpoint that does not reflect the service readiness. The specific problem here is that the application is exposed to one database host or zonal compute failure.

Question 267

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A legacy reporting ETL cluster requires durable raw data sharing and easier scale-out queries across departments. What design flaw is the best match for the reported condition?

  1. Dedicated EC2 servers remain the scaling bottleneck for stateless containerized workloads
  2. All analytics jobs depend on a single custom ETL server and its directly attached storage
  3. Tight synchronous coupling propagates a noncritical downstream failure to the primary transaction
  4. Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. A shared governed object-storage lake decouples data retention from individual processing engines. The appropriate correction is: Build a governed S3-centered data lake with AWS Glue metadata and appropriate analytics services. The control should then be tested by verifying that Separate analysts query approved lake datasets without direct access to the legacy ETL host.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Dedicated EC2 servers remain the scaling bottleneck for stateless containerized workloads. The stated evidence instead indicates: All analytics jobs depend on a single custom ETL server and its directly attached storage.

C:

Tight synchronous coupling propagates a noncritical downstream failure to the primary transaction. The stated evidence instead indicates: All analytics jobs depend on a single custom ETL server and its directly attached storage.

D:

Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior. The stated evidence instead indicates: All analytics jobs depend on a single custom ETL server and its directly attached storage.

Question 268

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A mission-critical RDS instance is single-AZ and routine maintenance causes extended application downtime. Which root cause is most consistent with the observation?

  1. Snapshot creation is mistaken for proof the application can actually be restored
  2. The application is exposed to one database host or zonal compute failure
  3. Health checks use an unrelated always-200 endpoint that does not reflect the service readiness
  4. Engineers measure host utilization but not the outcomes experienced by users

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. RDS Multi-AZ maintains standby capacity for high availability and managed failover. The appropriate correction is: Design a supported Multi-AZ deployment with reconnection handling and execute maintenance drills. The control should then be tested by verifying that Database failover restarts service within the tested objective after a zone loss.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Snapshot creation is mistaken for proof the application can actually be restored. The stated evidence instead indicates: The application is exposed to one database host or zonal compute failure.

C:

Health checks use an unrelated always-200 endpoint that does not reflect the service readiness. The stated evidence instead indicates: The application is exposed to one database host or zonal compute failure.

D:

Engineers measure host utilization but not the outcomes experienced by users. The stated evidence instead indicates: The application is exposed to one database host or zonal compute failure.

Question 269

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Payment message consumers can fail repeatedly on one malformed message and must isolate it without blocking all valid messages. Requirement B: A global static web application experiences high latency because users repeatedly fetch unchanged assets from one Region. Select TWO independent changes that meet the named requirements.

  1. Configure CloudFront caching with appropriate TTL, cache keys and regional origin controls
  2. Configure IAM role federation with OIDC trust subject restrictions for the external build identity
  3. Configure SQS redrive policy with an appropriate dead-letter queue and maxReceiveCount
  4. Configure Route 53 failover routing with suitable health checks and a tested secondary target
  5. Configure Global Accelerator listeners and healthy regional ALB or NLB endpoints

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A global static web application experiences high latency because users repeatedly fetch unchanged assets from one Region. CloudFront edge caching reduces origin fetches for cacheable content. A direct acceptance check is: Cache hit ratio increases and p95 download latency improves across distant test locations.

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Payment message consumers can fail repeatedly on one malformed message and must isolate it without blocking all valid messages. SQS dead-letter queues preserve failed messages for separate inspection and remediation. A direct acceptance check is: A poison message goes to the DLQ after configured attempts while valid following messages proceed.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A build system hosted outside AWS needs temporary access to deploy CloudFormation without storing long-lived access keys. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. OIDC role federation supports temporary credentials and scoped trust for external workloads; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A public application must divert DNS traffic away from an endpoint when health checks show it has failed. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. DNS failover requires health-aware routing and realistic expectations for cached answers; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: A global TCP service wants static public entry addresses and traffic steering over the AWS global network for lowest path latency. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Global Accelerator accelerates supported TCP/UDP applications without serving as an HTTP content cache; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 270

For the enterprise requirement "External trading partners depend on SFTP interfaces, but the receiving application will store files in S3", the team implemented this change: Use AWS Transfer Family with a supported SFTP endpoint and appropriate identity and S3 permissions. Which evidence confirms the intended behavior under test?

  1. Eligible file changes are transferred and verified by a scheduled DataSync task
  2. Replicated servers boot in AWS test VPCs with verified application functionality before cutover
  3. Vendor-certified testing proves that the appliance runs on the selected target or requires retain/replace decision
  4. Partners connect over SFTP and transferred objects appear in assigned bucket prefixes

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. AWS Transfer Family exposes managed file-transfer protocols to supported AWS storage. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: External trading partners depend on SFTP interfaces, but the receiving application will store files in S3.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Eligible file changes are transferred and verified by a scheduled DataSync task. However, this does not establish the required outcome: partners connect over SFTP and transferred objects appear in assigned bucket prefixes.

B:

Replicated servers boot in AWS test VPCs with verified application functionality before cutover. However, this does not establish the required outcome: partners connect over SFTP and transferred objects appear in assigned bucket prefixes.

C:

Vendor-certified testing proves that the appliance runs on the selected target or requires retain/replace decision. However, this does not establish the required outcome: partners connect over SFTP and transferred objects appear in assigned bucket prefixes.