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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 24

Question 230

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A legacy data center lacks a trustworthy inventory of server CPU, memory, installed processes and network connections. Which proposed change addresses the stated constraint most directly?

  1. Estimate transfer duration and select online versus physical transfer based on throughput, change rate and cutoff window
  2. Track AWS Transform migration wave and server states, and maintain centrally owned application milestones, blockers and cutover decisions
  3. Introduce change data capture and an event stream or bus with replay and idempotent consumers
  4. Use AWS Transform discovery and assessment, or a supported inventory tool, to measure server characteristics and network dependency data

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Application discovery captures real workload characteristics needed for migration planning. The required architecture outcome is: A legacy data center lacks a trustworthy inventory of server CPU, memory, installed processes and network connections. Validate this choice by checking that Captured workload attributes reveal which servers can be rehosted together and which need further assessment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A simple online copy was selected without calculating network capacity and transfer duration. The specific problem here is that migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior.

B:

Migration tasks are tracked in separate team documents with no common portfolio state. The specific problem here is that migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior.

C:

All consumers wait for a nightly export despite a near-real-time freshness requirement. The specific problem here is that migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior.

Question 231

For the enterprise requirement "A compliance dataset is rarely accessed after 90 days but must remain recoverable with several-hour retrieval tolerance", the team implemented this change: Configure S3 lifecycle transitions to a suitable archival storage class and test retrieval times. Which evidence confirms the intended behavior under test?

  1. A simulated interruption causes bounded rework and lowers total compute cost without losing final results
  2. Storage-class distribution follows observed access and availability constraints without extensive manual classification
  3. Objects transition after the configured age and can be restored within the business retrieval target
  4. p95 latency and unit costs improve in a representative arm64 canary with all native libraries working

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Lifecycle transitions reduce storage expense only if retrieval and minimum-duration constraints fit. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A compliance dataset is rarely accessed after 90 days but must remain recoverable with several-hour retrieval tolerance.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A simulated interruption causes bounded rework and lowers total compute cost without losing final results. However, this does not establish the required outcome: objects transition after the configured age and can be restored within the business retrieval target.

B:

Storage-class distribution follows observed access and availability constraints without extensive manual classification. However, this does not establish the required outcome: objects transition after the configured age and can be restored within the business retrieval target.

D:

P95 latency and unit costs improve in a representative arm64 canary with all native libraries working. However, this does not establish the required outcome: objects transition after the configured age and can be restored within the business retrieval target.

Question 232

For the enterprise requirement "An EC2 application needs sustained random IOPS independent of EBS volume storage-size growth", the team implemented this change: Select an appropriate EBS gp3 volume with independently provisioned performance settings and test application throughput. What should operations verify instead of relying on configuration alone?

  1. Pending tasks become schedulable and p95 latency improves without wasting an additional empty cluster
  2. The volume reaches measured IOPS requirements without unnecessary capacity inflation
  3. Origin request count drops under a multi-edge cache miss test while freshness remains correct
  4. Existing and new participating accounts report eligible findings to the delegated administrator

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. gp3 separates baseline volume storage size from configurable IOPS and throughput within limits. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: An EC2 application needs sustained random IOPS independent of EBS volume storage-size growth.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Pending tasks become schedulable and p95 latency improves without wasting an additional empty cluster. However, this does not establish the required outcome: the volume reaches measured IOPS requirements without unnecessary capacity inflation.

C:

Origin request count drops under a multi-edge cache miss test while freshness remains correct. However, this does not establish the required outcome: the volume reaches measured IOPS requirements without unnecessary capacity inflation.

D:

Existing and new participating accounts report eligible findings to the delegated administrator. However, this does not establish the required outcome: the volume reaches measured IOPS requirements without unnecessary capacity inflation.

Question 233

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A personal-health-record system has strict regional data residency and encryption obligations before any cloud transfer. Requirement B: External trading partners depend on SFTP interfaces, but the receiving application will store files in S3. Which TWO controls should be used together for these separate scenarios?

  1. Replace suitable stages with Step Functions orchestration and explicit retry, compensation and visibility states
  2. Classify sensitive datasets and map AWS Regions, key ownership and access controls before selecting migration waves
  3. Validate platform, hypervisor and kernel compatibility before committing to a target deployment
  4. Use AWS Transfer Family with a supported SFTP endpoint and appropriate identity and S3 permissions
  5. Use AWS DMS full load plus change data capture with compatible schema and monitored replication task

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A personal-health-record system has strict regional data residency and encryption obligations before any cloud transfer. Regulatory and data-classification constraints affect target location and migration scope. A direct acceptance check is: An approved target design demonstrates residency and encryption enforcement before copying production records.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: External trading partners depend on SFTP interfaces, but the receiving application will store files in S3. AWS Transfer Family exposes managed file-transfer protocols to supported AWS storage. A direct acceptance check is: Partners connect over SFTP and transferred objects appear in assigned bucket prefixes.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A legacy orchestration service uses long polling and manual rollback scripts for multistep fulfillment. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Managed workflow orchestration makes retries, errors and compensation explicit; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A proprietary virtual appliance cannot run on AWS-supported instance drivers without vendor modifications. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Platform migration viability depends on software support and hardware or driver compatibility; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: A business database needs a low-downtime migration from on-premises PostgreSQL to Amazon RDS PostgreSQL. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS DMS can move data using full load and ongoing CDC for supported sources; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 234

An architecture review recommends this solution: Use AWS Organizations backup policies with verified account opt-in, vaults and access controls. The motivating situation is: Critical backups must be scheduled consistently across many application accounts and retained by policy. Which consideration makes this solution preferable to the original approach?

  1. EventBridge cross-account routing requires rules and resource-based permissions
  2. Independent Direct Connect circuits and correctly associated gateways improve hybrid-path resiliency
  3. Central identity assignments reduce stale credentials and standardize workforce access
  4. Organization backup policies support common baseline definitions but still require functioning target configuration

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Use AWS Organizations backup policies with verified account opt-in, vaults and access controls. The expected supporting evidence is: Eligible accounts create scheduled recovery points according to policies and restores are tested.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Events remain confined to local account buses because cross-account bus authorization is absent. The stated evidence instead indicates: Individual accounts use drifting custom schedules that do not match central backup policy.

B:

A single Direct Connect circuit creates a site-to-cloud connectivity single point of failure. The stated evidence instead indicates: Individual accounts use drifting custom schedules that do not match central backup policy.

C:

Each business unit manually maintains duplicative IAM users in workload accounts. The stated evidence instead indicates: Individual accounts use drifting custom schedules that do not match central backup policy.

Question 235

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A global static web application experiences high latency because users repeatedly fetch unchanged assets from one Region. Which missing control accounts for the continuing issue?

  1. Every read request traverses the backing DynamoDB service despite highly reusable cacheable data
  2. Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers
  3. The shared file system's throughput mode or credit availability constrains parallel clients
  4. Every static asset fetch goes to a distant origin instead of the edge cache

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. CloudFront edge caching reduces origin fetches for cacheable content. The appropriate correction is: Configure CloudFront caching with appropriate TTL, cache keys and regional origin controls. The control should then be tested by verifying that Cache hit ratio increases and p95 download latency improves across distant test locations.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Every read request traverses the backing DynamoDB service despite highly reusable cacheable data. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every static asset fetch goes to a distant origin instead of the edge cache.

B:

Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every static asset fetch goes to a distant origin instead of the edge cache.

C:

The shared file system's throughput mode or credit availability constrains parallel clients. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every static asset fetch goes to a distant origin instead of the edge cache.

Question 236

For the enterprise requirement "A central networking account must share an existing Transit Gateway with application accounts without duplicating it", the team implemented this change: Share the eligible Transit Gateway using AWS Resource Access Manager and explicit attachment routing permissions. Which result specifically demonstrates the fix works?

  1. New vended accounts inherit required landing-zone logging, identity and governance baselines
  2. A new workload account's API activity appears in the central log bucket and member administrators cannot erase it
  3. Tested resized instances meet p95 latency goals while recommended savings are observed
  4. Approved application accounts can create authorized attachments to the centrally owned gateway

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. AWS RAM can share supported resources while ownership remains in a central account. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A central networking account must share an existing Transit Gateway with application accounts without duplicating it.

Incorrect Answers

A:

New vended accounts inherit required landing-zone logging, identity and governance baselines. However, this does not establish the required outcome: approved application accounts can create authorized attachments to the centrally owned gateway.

B:

A new workload account's API activity appears in the central log bucket and member administrators cannot erase it. However, this does not establish the required outcome: approved application accounts can create authorized attachments to the centrally owned gateway.

C:

Tested resized instances meet p95 latency goals while recommended savings are observed. However, this does not establish the required outcome: approved application accounts can create authorized attachments to the centrally owned gateway.

Question 237

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A queue-backed worker fleet is underloaded overnight but still runs a fixed large number of instances. Requirement B: A global ECS deployment pulls private container images in two Regions and cannot depend on a cross-Region pull at recovery time. Which TWO recommendations jointly satisfy requirements A and B?

  1. Configure Amazon ECR cross-Region replication for the approved image repositories with regional deployment references
  2. Use weighted Route 53 or application load balancer traffic shifting with monitored cutover and rollback criteria
  3. Use an appropriately designed active-active multi-Region architecture with global routing and compatible data replication
  4. Scale ECS services or EC2 Auto Scaling from queue depth and processing time metrics
  5. Tune CloudFront cache policies and origin behavior to increase cache hits while honoring freshness limits

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A global ECS deployment pulls private container images in two Regions and cannot depend on a cross-Region pull at recovery time. ECR repository replication supports regional availability of container images when configured. A direct acceptance check is: The released image digest is present in each target Region before workloads attempt recovery.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A queue-backed worker fleet is underloaded overnight but still runs a fixed large number of instances. Queue-driven scaling aligns paid worker capacity with outstanding workload. A direct acceptance check is: Worker count falls during light load and rises when queue age approaches the delivery deadline.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A brownfield workload must shift gradually from a legacy load balancer to a new service while preserving rollback. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Weighted routing can support staged migration when health checks and client caching are considered; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A worldwide public application targets near-zero regional failover time and already tolerates multi-Region data conflict semantics. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Active-active architectures provide immediate regional capacity but require safe multi-Region data behavior; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: A multinational website repeatedly serves cacheable large assets and incurs high origin data-transfer and request charges. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Effective caching can reduce origin load and transfer cost for eligible content; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 238

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: Financial backups must survive destruction of the primary application account by a compromised administrator. Which missing control accounts for the continuing issue?

  1. Only source-region S3 versioning is enabled, but no replication rule or role exists
  2. No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage
  3. Every backup copy resides in the same administration boundary as the threatened workloads
  4. Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Cross-account backup isolation reduces the effect of compromise of an application account. The appropriate correction is: Use AWS Backup cross-account copies into a protected backup account with isolated restore permissions. The control should then be tested by verifying that Backups remain recoverable from the dedicated account even when the application account is disabled.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Only source-region S3 versioning is enabled, but no replication rule or role exists. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every backup copy resides in the same administration boundary as the threatened workloads.

B:

No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every backup copy resides in the same administration boundary as the threatened workloads.

D:

Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every backup copy resides in the same administration boundary as the threatened workloads.

Question 239

An architecture review recommends this solution: Configure SQS redrive policy with an appropriate dead-letter queue and maxReceiveCount. The motivating situation is: Payment message consumers can fail repeatedly on one malformed message and must isolate it without blocking all valid messages. What principle supports the selected implementation?

  1. SQS dead-letter queues preserve failed messages for separate inspection and remediation
  2. Aurora reader endpoints balance connections to read replicas for read workloads
  3. API Gateway throttle controls bound request rates but callers should handle 429 responses
  4. RDS read replicas scale read throughput but are asynchronous relative to the primary

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Configure SQS redrive policy with an appropriate dead-letter queue and maxReceiveCount. The expected supporting evidence is: A poison message goes to the DLQ after configured attempts while valid following messages proceed.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers. The stated evidence instead indicates: Repeated retries of one failed message prevent useful error isolation and redrive workflow.

C:

Unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured. The stated evidence instead indicates: Repeated retries of one failed message prevent useful error isolation and redrive workflow.

D:

Read-only analytical traffic saturates the production database's single writable instance. The stated evidence instead indicates: Repeated retries of one failed message prevent useful error isolation and redrive workflow.

Question 240

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A central audit account needs immutable delivery of logs from all workload accounts and Regions. Requirement B: A department must be notified promptly when monthly spending exceeds its threshold. Select TWO actions, one for each independently scoped requirement.

  1. Use organization-wide CloudTrail and central log storage with restrictive bucket access and retention controls
  2. Share the eligible Transit Gateway using AWS Resource Access Manager and explicit attachment routing permissions
  3. Enable EventBridge event-bus archive and replay for eligible matching events
  4. Create an AWS Budget with defined threshold notification recipients and appropriate budget filters
  5. Activate standardized cost allocation tags and enforce tagging through governance processes

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A central audit account needs immutable delivery of logs from all workload accounts and Regions. An organization trail and protected storage form a centralized account-wide auditing design. A direct acceptance check is: A new workload account's API activity appears in the central log bucket and member administrators cannot erase it.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A department must be notified promptly when monthly spending exceeds its threshold. AWS Budgets supports spend targets and notifications on actual or forecasted cost. A direct acceptance check is: A controlled threshold breach yields the expected forecast or actual spend notification.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A central networking account must share an existing Transit Gateway with application accounts without duplicating it. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS RAM can share supported resources while ownership remains in a central account; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A service needs to replay historical event notifications after a downstream subscriber defect is corrected. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. EventBridge archives support bounded replay of previously captured events; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Finance needs engineering costs apportioned by team using tags rather than guessed from account totals. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Cost allocation tags must be activated before they appear in billing cost analytics; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.