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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 22

Question 210

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A Kinesis data stream has increasing write throttling because producers exceed the capacity of its current shard configuration. Requirement B: A multinational website repeatedly serves cacheable large assets and incurs high origin data-transfer and request charges. Select TWO actions, one for each independently scoped requirement.

  1. Tune CloudFront cache policies and origin behavior to increase cache hits while honoring freshness limits
  2. Evaluate EFS throughput and performance modes and provision an appropriate supported throughput setting
  3. Adjust stream capacity mode or shard count and confirm partition key distribution
  4. Use CodeDeploy blue-green deployment with alternate load balancer target groups and rollback alarms
  5. Use EC2 Spot capacity with checkpointing and interruption-aware retry mechanisms

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A multinational website repeatedly serves cacheable large assets and incurs high origin data-transfer and request charges. Effective caching can reduce origin load and transfer cost for eligible content. A direct acceptance check is: Origin request count and cacheable transferred bytes fall without serving stale protected content.

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A Kinesis data stream has increasing write throttling because producers exceed the capacity of its current shard configuration. Kinesis stream performance depends on provisioned or on-demand capacity and balanced partition keys. A direct acceptance check is: Records are ingested within supported throughput limits without hot-shard throttling under replayed load.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A shared EFS file system slows a data-processing batch even though compute workers are mostly idle. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. EFS throughput characteristics must match concurrent IO patterns and required sustained rate; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A high-traffic EC2 service must release a risky version while keeping a rapid rollback path and without terminating all healthy targets at once. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Blue-green deployment separates old and new environments to support safe traffic shifting; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Large fault-tolerant batch analytics jobs can be interrupted and resumed while the team pays full on-demand prices. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Spot Instances optimize interruptible capacity costs when jobs tolerate reclaim events; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 211

For the enterprise requirement "Many workload VPCs need access to a privately published service without opening routing to the provider's whole VPC", the team implemented this change: Expose the provider through an endpoint service behind a Network Load Balancer and create consumer interface VPC endpoints. What should operations verify instead of relying on configuration alone?

  1. Consumer instances reach only the approved PrivateLink service while unrelated provider subnets remain unreachable
  2. Revoking a staff member's assignment removes their delegated access without per-account user deletion
  3. Traffic uses translated unique endpoint addresses and return packets reach the original client correctly
  4. A simulated Direct Connect failure moves approved routes to VPN tunnels and restore reverses route preference

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. AWS PrivateLink exposes a selected service to consumers without full network-to-network reachability. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Many workload VPCs need access to a privately published service without opening routing to the provider's whole VPC.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Revoking a staff member's assignment removes their delegated access without per-account user deletion. However, this does not establish the required outcome: consumer instances reach only the approved PrivateLink service while unrelated provider subnets remain unreachable.

C:

Traffic uses translated unique endpoint addresses and return packets reach the original client correctly. However, this does not establish the required outcome: consumer instances reach only the approved PrivateLink service while unrelated provider subnets remain unreachable.

D:

A simulated Direct Connect failure moves approved routes to VPN tunnels and restore reverses route preference. However, this does not establish the required outcome: consumer instances reach only the approved PrivateLink service while unrelated provider subnets remain unreachable.

Question 212

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: An enterprise wants line-item chargeback for data transfer and service usage across hundreds of accounts. Requirement B: Six VPCs in three accounts need private east-west connectivity without an O(N²) peering mesh. Choose TWO remedies that meet A and B respectively.

  1. Analyze commitments then purchase an appropriate Compute Savings Plan based on supported usage coverage
  2. Expose the provider through an endpoint service behind a Network Load Balancer and create consumer interface VPC endpoints
  3. Attach the VPCs to one centrally governed Transit Gateway and propagate approved attachment routes
  4. Deploy an AWS Control Tower landing zone and Account Factory-based governance with planned organizational units
  5. Export AWS Cost and Usage Reports to S3 and query them with Athena or a billing data analysis workflow

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: Six VPCs in three accounts need private east-west connectivity without an O(N²) peering mesh. Transit Gateway supplies centralized transitive VPC connectivity when attachment route tables and security policies are configured. A direct acceptance check is: Approved application subnets reach each other through Transit Gateway routes and unauthorized segments remain isolated.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: An enterprise wants line-item chargeback for data transfer and service usage across hundreds of accounts. The Cost and Usage Report provides detailed billing facts for accountable cost analysis. A direct acceptance check is: Finance can reconcile detailed usage line items to accounts and cost categories.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: Several accounts have steady EC2 and Fargate spend and need a commitment that applies to qualifying compute usage flexibly. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Compute Savings Plans apply eligible usage discounts across supported services and configurations; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: Many workload VPCs need access to a privately published service without opening routing to the provider's whole VPC. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS PrivateLink exposes a selected service to consumers without full network-to-network reachability; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A startup expects to grow from five accounts to 100 and needs baseline account vending and preventive guardrails. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS Control Tower provides managed landing-zone governance and standardized account provisioning; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 213

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A vendor assumes a role into an AWS account and must be restricted to one project's S3 prefix for that session only. Requirement B: A global web application must fail over to a secondary Region if the primary public endpoint becomes unhealthy. Choose TWO actions that directly address these separate problems.

  1. Deploy organization-managed AWS Config rules and targeted auto-remediation through approved Systems Manager Automation
  2. Place an SQS queue between submission and processing, with appropriately scaled consumers and DLQ policy
  3. Use S3 Storage Lens metrics to identify expensive bucket-level and organization-wide storage trends
  4. Use Route 53 failover records with health checks and independently deployed regional stacks
  5. Require tightly scoped role trust and a scoped session policy or condition that limits the assumed-role credentials

Explanation

Correct Answers

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A global web application must fail over to a secondary Region if the primary public endpoint becomes unhealthy. Route 53 health-check failover can redirect future DNS resolutions between operational regional endpoints. A direct acceptance check is: A synthetic endpoint failure directs new DNS resolutions to the secondary healthy stack within the planned TTL behavior.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A vendor assumes a role into an AWS account and must be restricted to one project's S3 prefix for that session only. Session policies intersect with role permissions and can reduce privileges for one temporary session. A direct acceptance check is: The assumed session can read the approved prefix and is denied a separate confidential prefix.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: Regulators require consistent detection and correction of publicly accessible S3 buckets across a multi-account organization. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Organization-level Config rules continuously evaluate configuration and can launch controlled remediations; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: Order processing must survive transient database outages without permanently losing accepted incoming work. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Durable queues decouple intake availability from downstream processing failures; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A large S3 estate has unknown replication, storage-class, and lifecycle patterns that drive storage expense. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. S3 Storage Lens supports visibility into storage activity and efficiency metrics; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 214

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: Capacity planners need a monthly cost forecast that reflects a new Region and expected usage growth before deployment. What design change should the team implement?

  1. Activate standardized cost allocation tags and enforce tagging through governance processes
  2. Model expected service usage in AWS Pricing Calculator and compare results against historical billing trends
  3. Use Compute Optimizer and validate monitoring data before right-sizing eligible instances
  4. Expose the provider through an endpoint service behind a Network Load Balancer and create consumer interface VPC endpoints

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Architecture forecasts require explicit usage assumptions rather than extrapolation without design changes. The required architecture outcome is: Capacity planners need a monthly cost forecast that reflects a new Region and expected usage growth before deployment. Validate this choice by checking that Proposed architecture cost estimates can be traced to entered quantities and forecast assumptions.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Resource tags were never activated as billing cost allocation dimensions. The specific problem here is that previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint.

C:

Instances were resized from average CPU alone despite memory or traffic constraints. The specific problem here is that previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint.

D:

A broad VPC peering link was used where a service-scoped private access path was needed. The specific problem here is that previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint.

Question 215

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A vendor assumes a role into an AWS account and must be restricted to one project's S3 prefix for that session only. Which proposed change addresses the stated constraint most directly?

  1. Use AWS Private CA to issue private certificates with a managed trust chain and documented renewal
  2. Configure an organization trail delivered to a protected central S3 bucket with appropriate key and bucket controls
  3. Place an SQS queue between submission and processing, with appropriately scaled consumers and DLQ policy
  4. Require tightly scoped role trust and a scoped session policy or condition that limits the assumed-role credentials

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Session policies intersect with role permissions and can reduce privileges for one temporary session. The required architecture outcome is: A vendor assumes a role into an AWS account and must be restricted to one project's S3 prefix for that session only. Validate this choice by checking that The assumed session can read the approved prefix and is denied a separate confidential prefix.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Public ACM-issued certificates were wrongly assumed to provide a corporate private CA chain. The specific problem here is that an overly broad assumed-role session is not constrained to the vendor's assigned resources.

B:

Disjoint local-account trails leave central auditors with incomplete visibility. The specific problem here is that an overly broad assumed-role session is not constrained to the vendor's assigned resources.

C:

Synchronous request-to-database coupling loses or rejects work whenever the database is unavailable. The specific problem here is that an overly broad assumed-role session is not constrained to the vendor's assigned resources.

Question 216

An architecture review recommends this solution: Use an Application Load Balancer with Auto Scaling groups spanning multiple AZs and health checks. The motivating situation is: An internet service must survive one Availability Zone failure while adjusting to fluctuating weekday usage. Which consideration makes this solution preferable to the original approach?

  1. EventBridge event archives retain matching historical events for later replay
  2. Multi-AZ target placement and health-driven scaling provide elastic zonal resilience
  3. CloudFormation StackSets manages stack instances across accounts and Regions from a controlled template
  4. API Gateway throttle controls bound request rates but callers should handle 429 responses

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Use an Application Load Balancer with Auto Scaling groups spanning multiple AZs and health checks. The expected supporting evidence is: Terminating all instances in one zone leaves healthy targets and Auto Scaling replaces lost capacity.

Incorrect Answers

A:

No event archive exists to replay notifications that failed during downstream processing. The stated evidence instead indicates: Instance capacity is pinned to one zone with no automated target recovery.

C:

Individual account stacks were created manually and drift from the approved baseline. The stated evidence instead indicates: Instance capacity is pinned to one zone with no automated target recovery.

D:

Unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured. The stated evidence instead indicates: Instance capacity is pinned to one zone with no automated target recovery.

Question 217

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A SQL Server estate must migrate to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL despite vendor-specific T-SQL constructs. Which missing control accounts for the continuing issue?

  1. Traffic was switched to the container environment before dependent services and probes were verified
  2. Replicating table data alone does not translate incompatible source SQL constructs
  3. Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover
  4. Source virtualization format was mistaken for a guarantee of target runtime compatibility

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Heterogeneous database migrations require explicit schema and application compatibility work. The appropriate correction is: Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool or appropriate supported schema conversion assessment, then AWS DMS for data. The control should then be tested by verifying that Critical converted schema objects and application queries work and data replication reconciles.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Traffic was switched to the container environment before dependent services and probes were verified. The stated evidence instead indicates: Replicating table data alone does not translate incompatible source SQL constructs.

C:

Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover. The stated evidence instead indicates: Replicating table data alone does not translate incompatible source SQL constructs.

D:

Source virtualization format was mistaken for a guarantee of target runtime compatibility. The stated evidence instead indicates: Replicating table data alone does not translate incompatible source SQL constructs.

Question 218

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A legacy monolith must be separated into business capabilities gradually without taking a risky one-time rewrite. Which missing control accounts for the continuing issue?

  1. Source virtualization format was mistaken for a guarantee of target runtime compatibility
  2. All consumers wait for a nightly export despite a near-real-time freshness requirement
  3. An all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk
  4. Separate component logs cannot be correlated to customer transactions

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Incremental strangler migration reduces cutover risk through bounded feature replacement. The appropriate correction is: Apply the strangler pattern, routing one well-defined capability at a time to a tested new service. The control should then be tested by verifying that New capability traffic can be rolled back while untouched monolith endpoints remain functional.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Source virtualization format was mistaken for a guarantee of target runtime compatibility. The stated evidence instead indicates: An all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk.

B:

All consumers wait for a nightly export despite a near-real-time freshness requirement. The stated evidence instead indicates: An all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk.

D:

Separate component logs cannot be correlated to customer transactions. The stated evidence instead indicates: An all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk.

Question 219

For the enterprise requirement "A developer fleet repeatedly creates slightly different cloud infrastructure for the same application environment", the team implemented this change: Define the infrastructure in AWS CDK and synthesize reviewed CloudFormation templates through the deployment pipeline. Which result specifically demonstrates the fix works?

  1. Failed security or smoke tests prevent production deployment while passing builds can be promoted
  2. Identical input configurations yield reviewed deployment changes and detectable drift rather than ad hoc resources
  3. Cache hit ratio increases and p95 download latency improves across distant test locations
  4. Requests switch to the replacement environment only after health tests pass, and rollback returns traffic to old targets

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. CDK expresses infrastructure as code while CloudFormation supplies deployed resource state. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A developer fleet repeatedly creates slightly different cloud infrastructure for the same application environment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Failed security or smoke tests prevent production deployment while passing builds can be promoted. However, this does not establish the required outcome: identical input configurations yield reviewed deployment changes and detectable drift rather than ad hoc resources.

C:

Cache hit ratio increases and p95 download latency improves across distant test locations. However, this does not establish the required outcome: identical input configurations yield reviewed deployment changes and detectable drift rather than ad hoc resources.

D:

Requests switch to the replacement environment only after health tests pass, and rollback returns traffic to old targets. However, this does not establish the required outcome: identical input configurations yield reviewed deployment changes and detectable drift rather than ad hoc resources.

Question 220

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: Compliance requires protected organization-wide API activity logs to flow into a centralized security account with controlled deletion. Which root cause is most consistent with the observation?

  1. Resource tags were never activated as billing cost allocation dimensions
  2. Disjoint local-account trails leave central auditors with incomplete visibility
  3. The remote principal has S3 object access but lacks required key-policy and IAM decrypt permission
  4. Individual Security Hub instances were not centrally delegated or aggregated

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. AWS Organizations trails centralize multi-account CloudTrail logging when storage access is secured. The appropriate correction is: Configure an organization trail delivered to a protected central S3 bucket with appropriate key and bucket controls. The control should then be tested by verifying that Every enrolled account produces expected trail events in the security account and workloads cannot delete retained logs.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Resource tags were never activated as billing cost allocation dimensions. The stated evidence instead indicates: Disjoint local-account trails leave central auditors with incomplete visibility.

C:

The remote principal has S3 object access but lacks required key-policy and IAM decrypt permission. The stated evidence instead indicates: Disjoint local-account trails leave central auditors with incomplete visibility.

D:

Individual Security Hub instances were not centrally delegated or aggregated. The stated evidence instead indicates: Disjoint local-account trails leave central auditors with incomplete visibility.