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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Certification Provider: Amazon

Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 39

Question 380

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: An application accesses S3 heavily from private VPC subnets and pays large NAT Gateway processing charges for those requests. What design flaw is the best match for the reported condition?

  1. The CDN forwards every request to origin due to ineffective cache keys or caching headers
  2. Stable compute baseline is paid at on-demand rates without analyzed commitments
  3. S3 calls egress through NAT because no supported endpoint route was configured
  4. Single-AZ database storage and compute are a single zonal failure domain

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Gateway endpoints can avoid NAT traversal for eligible S3 and DynamoDB traffic. The appropriate correction is: Add an S3 gateway VPC endpoint and route supported S3 traffic privately rather than through NAT. The control should then be tested by verifying that NAT processed-byte charges for eligible S3 traffic fall while S3 requests still succeed under endpoint policy.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The CDN forwards every request to origin due to ineffective cache keys or caching headers. The stated evidence instead indicates: S3 calls egress through NAT because no supported endpoint route was configured.

B:

Stable compute baseline is paid at on-demand rates without analyzed commitments. The stated evidence instead indicates: S3 calls egress through NAT because no supported endpoint route was configured.

D:

Single-AZ database storage and compute are a single zonal failure domain. The stated evidence instead indicates: S3 calls egress through NAT because no supported endpoint route was configured.

Question 381

An architecture review recommends this solution: Add AWS Config evaluation for the risky security-group condition with controlled notification and remediation. The motivating situation is: An engineer repeatedly leaves management ports publicly accessible despite a configuration guardrail document. What principle supports the selected implementation?

  1. Central GuardDuty administration supports ongoing multi-account detection enrollment
  2. S3 Access Points can support distinct access policies for shared buckets
  3. Enhanced networking capabilities require compatible instance types and operating-system drivers
  4. AWS Config checks configuration changes against evaluable rules and supports managed remediation actions

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Add AWS Config evaluation for the risky security-group condition with controlled notification and remediation. The expected supporting evidence is: A test ingress rule is flagged and corrected through the authorized remediation workflow.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Threat detection remains inconsistently deployed across member accounts and Regions. The stated evidence instead indicates: Static security policy documents are not technically enforced against resource drift.

B:

One overbroad bucket-level policy grants both teams access to all data. The stated evidence instead indicates: Static security policy documents are not technically enforced against resource drift.

C:

Unsupported drivers or unsuitable instance networking features cap throughput. The stated evidence instead indicates: Static security policy documents are not technically enforced against resource drift.

Question 382

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: Hundreds of EC2 hosts need scheduled patch windows with evidence of patch compliance and approved maintenance boundaries. What is the most appropriate design for this workload?

  1. Use Systems Manager Patch Manager with patch baselines and maintenance-window runbooks
  2. Define service level indicators and targets in CloudWatch dashboards and alarms grounded in request success and p95 latency
  3. Run controlled AWS Fault Injection Service scenarios with safety guardrails and predeclared stop conditions
  4. Instrument eligible application components with AWS X-Ray tracing or supported distributed tracing correlation

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Systems Manager supports fleet patching with centralized baselines and maintenance windows. The required architecture outcome is: Hundreds of EC2 hosts need scheduled patch windows with evidence of patch compliance and approved maintenance boundaries. Validate this choice by checking that Compliance reports show applied baselines and chosen hosts patched only during approved windows.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Engineers measure host utilization but not the outcomes experienced by users. The specific problem here is that patch application is manual and lacks consistent baseline selection and change evidence.

C:

Availability claims rest only on architecture diagrams, not controlled chaos evidence. The specific problem here is that patch application is manual and lacks consistent baseline selection and change evidence.

D:

Uncorrelated logs hide where the end-to-end latency accumulates. The specific problem here is that patch application is manual and lacks consistent baseline selection and change evidence.

Question 383

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A legacy service needs to move into an EKS platform with no interruption to dependent clients. Which architecture decision best meets that precise requirement?

  1. Execute a staged container migration with parallel service validation and gradual load-balancer traffic shifting
  2. Use AWS Transfer Family with a supported SFTP endpoint and appropriate identity and S3 permissions
  3. Use staged schema compatibility, full-load plus CDC migration and controlled dual-environment cutover tests
  4. Assess the COBOL and batch-job dependencies, then evaluate AWS Transform for mainframe and supported vendor replatforming paths

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Container modernization requires tested runtime behavior and reversible client routing. The required architecture outcome is: A legacy service needs to move into an EKS platform with no interruption to dependent clients. Validate this choice by checking that New EKS pods pass readiness and regression tests before a controlled traffic cutover.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Partners are forced to replace SFTP clients with AWS SDK calls without business approval. The specific problem here is that traffic was switched to the container environment before dependent services and probes were verified.

C:

A one-time export leaves days of writes uncopied before final deployment. The specific problem here is that traffic was switched to the container environment before dependent services and probes were verified.

D:

Mainframe batch and transaction semantics were treated as if they were ordinary Linux workloads. The specific problem here is that traffic was switched to the container environment before dependent services and probes were verified.

Question 384

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: Two Regions must retain independently encrypted object replicas to meet recovery requirements during a source Region failure. Which option best aligns with the business and technical requirement?

  1. Evaluate AWS Shield Advanced with supported resource protection and runbooks alongside layered edge controls
  2. Implement a tested backup-and-restore disaster recovery pattern with documented recovery runbooks
  3. Configure S3 replication rules with correct versioning and KMS permissions for destination encrypted objects
  4. Configure protected AWS Backup Vault Lock compliance settings with appropriate retention and access governance

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

S3 encrypted object replication needs versioning and appropriate replication-role KMS authorization. The required architecture outcome is: Two Regions must retain independently encrypted object replicas to meet recovery requirements during a source Region failure. Validate this choice by checking that Eligible new source objects replicate with appropriate destination encryption and remain readable during source outage.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Basic infrastructure availability controls were mistaken for managed advanced DDoS response workflow. The specific problem here is that the destination bucket is present but replication cannot use the destination KMS key.

B:

A backup exists but no restore procedure or measured restore duration has been proven. The specific problem here is that the destination bucket is present but replication cannot use the destination KMS key.

D:

Backup administrators can freely delete critical recovery points despite required immutability. The specific problem here is that the destination bucket is present but replication cannot use the destination KMS key.

Question 385

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A startup expects to grow from five accounts to 100 and needs baseline account vending and preventive guardrails. What is the most appropriate design for this workload?

  1. Configure Security Hub delegated administrator and member account aggregation or finding aggregation as supported
  2. Deploy an AWS Control Tower landing zone and Account Factory-based governance with planned organizational units
  3. Share the eligible Transit Gateway using AWS Resource Access Manager and explicit attachment routing permissions
  4. Configure a Config aggregator with organization or account sources and appropriate delegated read access

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

AWS Control Tower provides managed landing-zone governance and standardized account provisioning. The required architecture outcome is: A startup expects to grow from five accounts to 100 and needs baseline account vending and preventive guardrails. Validate this choice by checking that New vended accounts inherit required landing-zone logging, identity and governance baselines.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Individual Security Hub instances were not centrally delegated or aggregated. The specific problem here is that new accounts are assembled by ad hoc scripts with inconsistent security baselines.

C:

Each application team is provisioning its own disconnected backbone gateway. The specific problem here is that new accounts are assembled by ad hoc scripts with inconsistent security baselines.

D:

Local Config assessments exist but no aggregation exposes cross-account status. The specific problem here is that new accounts are assembled by ad hoc scripts with inconsistent security baselines.

Question 386

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A read-heavy reporting application needs an up-to-date secondary regional database copy that can be promoted in a disaster. What original architectural gap most directly explains the failure?

  1. A standard read replica is assumed to be a synchronous multi-Region failover mechanism without promotion
  2. The shared file system's throughput mode or credit availability constrains parallel clients
  3. A backup exists but no restore procedure or measured restore duration has been proven
  4. Every component must be rebuilt from scratch after failure, despite a tighter RTO

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Cross-Region read replicas are asynchronous and may require explicit promotion in recovery. The appropriate correction is: Configure a suitable RDS cross-Region read replica where supported and rehearse replica promotion and endpoint changes. The control should then be tested by verifying that Read replica lag is measured and promotion produces a usable independent writer during a DR drill.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The shared file system's throughput mode or credit availability constrains parallel clients. The stated evidence instead indicates: A standard read replica is assumed to be a synchronous multi-Region failover mechanism without promotion.

C:

A backup exists but no restore procedure or measured restore duration has been proven. The stated evidence instead indicates: A standard read replica is assumed to be a synchronous multi-Region failover mechanism without promotion.

D:

Every component must be rebuilt from scratch after failure, despite a tighter RTO. The stated evidence instead indicates: A standard read replica is assumed to be a synchronous multi-Region failover mechanism without promotion.

Question 387

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A transaction platform must recover within minutes but budget constraints prohibit active-active processing in both Regions. Requirement B: An AWS KMS-encrypted data key is shared with a role but decrypts still fail because the key's resource policy grants no access. Which TWO architecture changes cover both acceptance criteria?

  1. Configure S3 replication rules with correct versioning and KMS permissions for destination encrypted objects
  2. Evaluate AWS Shield Advanced with supported resource protection and runbooks alongside layered edge controls
  3. Use EC2 Image Builder pipelines for controlled image build, testing and account or Region distribution
  4. Design a warm-standby secondary Region with continuously updated state and reduced steady-state capacity
  5. Update the KMS key policy or grants alongside the principal's IAM permissions as required

Explanation

Correct Answers

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A transaction platform must recover within minutes but budget constraints prohibit active-active processing in both Regions. Warm standby keeps a functional smaller recovery environment ready for rapid scaling. A direct acceptance check is: A regional drill scales warm standby to full capacity within the stated recovery time and data tolerance.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: An AWS KMS-encrypted data key is shared with a role but decrypts still fail because the key's resource policy grants no access. KMS key authorization depends on the owning key policy as well as applicable principal policies. A direct acceptance check is: The authorized role decrypts the designated ciphertext while an unrelated role remains denied.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: Two Regions must retain independently encrypted object replicas to meet recovery requirements during a source Region failure. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. S3 encrypted object replication needs versioning and appropriate replication-role KMS authorization; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A revenue-critical public endpoint requires proactive DDoS response coordination and protected eligible application resources. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Shield Advanced adds advanced DDoS protection and response support for supported resources; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: An operations team must roll out the same hardened EC2 AMI to many accounts with recorded patch and test history. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. EC2 Image Builder automates reproducible image lifecycles with testing and distribution; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 388

For the enterprise requirement "Audit findings in application accounts must trigger an event-driven central incident triage workflow", the team implemented this change: Publish permitted events across account boundaries to a central EventBridge event bus with explicit resource policy. What should operations verify instead of relying on configuration alone?

  1. The selected time window can be replayed to the target bus without inventing events that were never archived
  2. Events from a test member account reach the central incident workflow and unauthorized senders are rejected
  3. Central compliance dashboards include resource findings from configured participating accounts and Regions
  4. The delegated administrator can manage enrolled member security coverage within its supported scope

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. EventBridge cross-account routing requires rules and resource-based permissions. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Audit findings in application accounts must trigger an event-driven central incident triage workflow.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The selected time window can be replayed to the target bus without inventing events that were never archived. However, this does not establish the required outcome: events from a test member account reach the central incident workflow and unauthorized senders are rejected.

C:

Central compliance dashboards include resource findings from configured participating accounts and Regions. However, this does not establish the required outcome: events from a test member account reach the central incident workflow and unauthorized senders are rejected.

D:

The delegated administrator can manage enrolled member security coverage within its supported scope. However, this does not establish the required outcome: events from a test member account reach the central incident workflow and unauthorized senders are rejected.

Question 389

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A legacy monolith must be separated into business capabilities gradually without taking a risky one-time rewrite. What is the most appropriate design for this workload?

  1. Move the schedule to EventBridge Scheduler with an appropriately scoped Lambda or supported task target
  2. Capture resources in versioned CloudFormation or CDK definitions and deploy through reviewed pipelines
  3. Apply the strangler pattern, routing one well-defined capability at a time to a tested new service
  4. Use AWS Transform discovery and assessment, or a supported inventory tool, to measure server characteristics and network dependency data

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Incremental strangler migration reduces cutover risk through bounded feature replacement. The required architecture outcome is: A legacy monolith must be separated into business capabilities gradually without taking a risky one-time rewrite. Validate this choice by checking that New capability traffic can be rolled back while untouched monolith endpoints remain functional.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The only purpose of a 24/7 server is occasional timer-based work. The specific problem here is that an all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk.

B:

Console changes have no reproducible declarative infrastructure state. The specific problem here is that an all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk.

D:

Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior. The specific problem here is that an all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk.

Question 390

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A corporate SOC needs one prioritized security findings view across enabled security services and Regions. Requirement B: A customer-facing Lambda API has unacceptable first-request latency after inactive periods despite low average invocation cost. Which TWO architecture changes cover both acceptance criteria?

  1. Review IAM Access Advisor last-accessed information with supported CloudTrail evidence and workload ownership confirmation
  2. Enable Security Hub delegated administration and finding aggregation for the target accounts and Regions
  3. Move the suitable multi-step orchestration into Step Functions with named states, bounded retries and error paths
  4. Configure provisioned concurrency for selected published function aliases with suitable demand planning
  5. Add an appropriate CloudFront Origin Shield layer and adjust origin caching strategy

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A corporate SOC needs one prioritized security findings view across enabled security services and Regions. Security Hub consolidates security posture and findings from participating services. A direct acceptance check is: Security Hub centrally displays eligible standardized findings with source context preserved.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A customer-facing Lambda API has unacceptable first-request latency after inactive periods despite low average invocation cost. Lambda provisioned concurrency keeps selected execution environments initialized to reduce startup latency. A direct acceptance check is: Cold-start spikes fall for provisioned requests and concurrency utilization stays within budget.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A company wants to identify IAM permissions that have not been used recently before removing high-risk privileges. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Last-accessed data informs least-privilege reviews but does not prove a permission is universally unnecessary; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

State machines improve auditability when state transitions and idempotency are designed. The two requirements instead call for these controls: (A) Enable Security Hub delegated administration and finding aggregation for the target accounts and Regions; (B) Configure provisioned concurrency for selected published function aliases with suitable demand planning.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: A global media site sends repeated uncached misses to an expensive origin even with widespread CloudFront edge caches. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. CloudFront Origin Shield can consolidate cache misses through an additional regional layer; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.