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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 90

Question 890

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: An AWS Enterprise Support research customer needs to migrate tens of terabytes from a remote site with unreliable network links and can bring storage to a nearby AWS transfer facility. Which action would resolve the problem without adding unrelated capabilities?

  1. Prefer a supported homogeneous DMS migration or native replication pattern with CDC where suitable
  2. Reserve an AWS Data Transfer Terminal session and bring compatible encrypted storage to upload through its high-bandwidth AWS connection
  3. Classify applications through a defined 7 Rs migration assessment with business value, risk and retirement criteria
  4. Use AWS Application Migration Service for compatible server replication, test launches and cutover orchestration

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

AWS Data Transfer Terminal allows eligible Enterprise Support customers to bring storage to an AWS transfer site; AWS Snowball Edge is no longer available to new customers. The required architecture outcome is: An AWS Enterprise Support research customer needs to migrate tens of terabytes from a remote site with unreliable network links and can bring storage to a nearby AWS transfer facility. Validate this choice by checking that The Enterprise Support team uploads the approved data during its reserved session and matches end-to-end source and destination checksums.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration. The specific problem here is that the migration plan assumes a new AWS Snowball Edge device can still be ordered even though new-customer ordering is unavailable.

C:

All assets are scheduled for direct rehost even when some are obsolete or unsuitable. The specific problem here is that the migration plan assumes a new AWS Snowball Edge device can still be ordered even though new-customer ordering is unavailable.

D:

Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover. The specific problem here is that the migration plan assumes a new AWS Snowball Edge device can still be ordered even though new-customer ordering is unavailable.

Question 891

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Finance collects optimizer suggestions from Compute Optimizer, Trusted Advisor and cost dashboards but counts the same recommendation more than once. Requirement B: A business-critical order API has no measured user-facing latency objective and responders cannot tell if changes make availability worse. Which TWO responses resolve the stated issues without substituting unrelated mechanisms?

  1. Run CloudFormation drift detection with planned change sets and reconcile unintended differences
  2. Enable detailed Cost and Usage Reports with cost categories or properly activated allocation tags
  3. Define service level indicators and targets in CloudWatch dashboards and alarms grounded in request success and p95 latency
  4. Use Cost Optimization Hub for supported consolidated recommendations and track deduplicated savings
  5. Use enhanced fan-out for supported registered consumers or otherwise allocate read capacity explicitly

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A business-critical order API has no measured user-facing latency objective and responders cannot tell if changes make availability worse. Operational excellence requires observable application SLOs tied to business-critical behavior. A direct acceptance check is: Release decisions reference tracked error rate and latency burn rather than raw instance uptime alone.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Finance collects optimizer suggestions from Compute Optimizer, Trusted Advisor and cost dashboards but counts the same recommendation more than once. Consolidated savings recommendations should not be summed blindly across sources. A direct acceptance check is: Finance reports one adjusted opportunity per overlapping recommendation source.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: Multiple production CloudFormation stacks are routinely modified directly in the console after deployment. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. CloudFormation drift assessment detects deviations from supported template-managed resource properties; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A platform service incurs shared transfer charges that cannot be assigned to consuming product teams. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. CUR data and explicit allocation logic improve auditable cost attribution; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: A Kinesis stream has adequate shard write capacity but multiple consumers compete for read throughput and fall behind. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Kinesis enhanced fan-out provides dedicated consumer read throughput within service limits; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 892

An architecture review recommends this solution: Configure a suitable RDS cross-Region read replica where supported and rehearse replica promotion and endpoint changes. The motivating situation is: A read-heavy reporting application needs an up-to-date secondary regional database copy that can be promoted in a disaster. Which technical principle most strongly justifies this recommendation?

  1. Backup-and-restore DR suits longer RTO targets when restore execution is practiced
  2. Active-active architectures provide immediate regional capacity but require safe multi-Region data behavior
  3. Cross-Region read replicas are asynchronous and may require explicit promotion in recovery
  4. OIDC role federation supports temporary credentials and scoped trust for external workloads

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Configure a suitable RDS cross-Region read replica where supported and rehearse replica promotion and endpoint changes. The expected supporting evidence is: Read replica lag is measured and promotion produces a usable independent writer during a DR drill.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A backup exists but no restore procedure or measured restore duration has been proven. The stated evidence instead indicates: A standard read replica is assumed to be a synchronous multi-Region failover mechanism without promotion.

B:

A single active Region was incorrectly advertised as having near-zero recovery time. The stated evidence instead indicates: A standard read replica is assumed to be a synchronous multi-Region failover mechanism without promotion.

D:

Static IAM user access keys were embedded in the external CI configuration. The stated evidence instead indicates: A standard read replica is assumed to be a synchronous multi-Region failover mechanism without promotion.

Question 893

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: Globally dispersed users require low-latency local writes to the same DynamoDB dataset with multi-Region availability. Which failure mechanism should the team correct?

  1. Teams have only aggregate bills and cannot locate the source of inefficient storage usage
  2. No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage
  3. A single-Region DynamoDB table cannot accept the required local writes after that Region fails
  4. Only source-region S3 versioning is enabled, but no replication rule or role exists

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Global tables provide multi-Region replication with eventual cross-Region convergence semantics. The appropriate correction is: Consider DynamoDB global tables with application-safe conflict semantics and tested replication behavior. The control should then be tested by verifying that Writes in either Region replicate to the other and conflict handling matches the business design.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Teams have only aggregate bills and cannot locate the source of inefficient storage usage. The stated evidence instead indicates: A single-Region DynamoDB table cannot accept the required local writes after that Region fails.

B:

No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage. The stated evidence instead indicates: A single-Region DynamoDB table cannot accept the required local writes after that Region fails.

D:

Only source-region S3 versioning is enabled, but no replication rule or role exists. The stated evidence instead indicates: A single-Region DynamoDB table cannot accept the required local writes after that Region fails.

Question 894

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Multiple production CloudFormation stacks are routinely modified directly in the console after deployment. Requirement B: A company wants to identify IAM permissions that have not been used recently before removing high-risk privileges. Select TWO actions, one for each independently scoped requirement.

  1. Configure organization-wide GuardDuty administration with supported automatic enrollment and region strategy
  2. Use enhanced fan-out for supported registered consumers or otherwise allocate read capacity explicitly
  3. Run CloudFormation drift detection with planned change sets and reconcile unintended differences
  4. Gate a least-privilege Systems Manager Automation runbook with an aws:approve step and retain change approval and execution records
  5. Review IAM Access Advisor last-accessed information with supported CloudTrail evidence and workload ownership confirmation

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Multiple production CloudFormation stacks are routinely modified directly in the console after deployment. CloudFormation drift assessment detects deviations from supported template-managed resource properties. A direct acceptance check is: Deliberately changed parameters are reported as drift and corrected through approved IaC updates.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A company wants to identify IAM permissions that have not been used recently before removing high-risk privileges. Last-accessed data informs least-privilege reviews but does not prove a permission is universally unnecessary. A direct acceptance check is: Candidates for removal have verified inactivity context and revocation tests do not break approved workflows.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: The security team manages GuardDuty separately in 50 accounts and misses newly created member accounts. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Central GuardDuty administration supports ongoing multi-account detection enrollment; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A Kinesis stream has adequate shard write capacity but multiple consumers compete for read throughput and fall behind. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Kinesis enhanced fan-out provides dedicated consumer read throughput within service limits; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: Production maintenance requires an explicit approval and tracked change record before automation updates EC2 systems. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Controlled automation separates approval from execution and preserves traceability; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 895

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A platform team learns about upcoming service maintenance only after workloads start failing. Requirement B: A public S3 bucket and KMS key unexpectedly trust principals outside the company's AWS organization. Which TWO recommendations jointly satisfy requirements A and B?

  1. Run CloudFormation drift detection with planned change sets and reconcile unintended differences
  2. Analyze transfer usage in CUR and network metrics; redesign unnecessary cross-AZ chatty application flows
  3. Integrate AWS Health organizational events with EventBridge alerts and owner routing
  4. Configure supported KMS key rotation policy and validate old ciphertext decrypt behavior under the same logical key
  5. Run IAM Access Analyzer external-access findings scoped to the organization and fix the exact resource policies

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A platform team learns about upcoming service maintenance only after workloads start failing. AWS Health can surface AWS-side events relevant to affected resources and accounts. A direct acceptance check is: Simulated or published applicable Health events reach the responsible operations group before planned impact.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A public S3 bucket and KMS key unexpectedly trust principals outside the company's AWS organization. Access Analyzer detects eligible resource trust outside its zone of trust. A direct acceptance check is: Cross-account access findings identify external principals and clear only when permissions are corrected.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: Multiple production CloudFormation stacks are routinely modified directly in the console after deployment. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. CloudFormation drift assessment detects deviations from supported template-managed resource properties; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A global network has rising cross-AZ and inter-Region transfer bills despite healthy compute utilization. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Placement and traffic pattern matter to data transfer costs as much as raw compute prices; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: Compliance requires a formal rotation process for customer-managed KMS keys without breaking historical ciphertext. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. KMS key rotation retains ability to decrypt data encrypted with earlier key material; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 896

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A scientific dataset spans petabytes over an unreliable 100-Mbps WAN and must arrive before a fixed laboratory deadline. What original architectural gap most directly explains the failure?

  1. A simple online copy was selected without calculating network capacity and transfer duration
  2. Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior
  3. Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover
  4. Database engine migration was assumed to be a simple homogeneous replication job

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Migration transfer methods must fit volume, available bandwidth and allowed downtime. The appropriate correction is: Estimate transfer duration and select online versus physical transfer based on throughput, change rate and cutoff window. The control should then be tested by verifying that A tested transfer plan shows enough effective throughput plus integrity checks for the deadline.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior. The stated evidence instead indicates: A simple online copy was selected without calculating network capacity and transfer duration.

C:

Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover. The stated evidence instead indicates: A simple online copy was selected without calculating network capacity and transfer duration.

D:

Database engine migration was assumed to be a simple homogeneous replication job. The stated evidence instead indicates: A simple online copy was selected without calculating network capacity and transfer duration.

Question 897

For the enterprise requirement "A message-processing application still uses an on-premises ActiveMQ-compatible broker and cannot immediately rewrite producers", the team implemented this change: Evaluate Amazon MQ with an appropriate compatible engine and migrate broker connections in stages. Which result specifically demonstrates the fix works?

  1. Existing clients publish and consume messages with acceptable protocol compatibility after controlled cutover
  2. A controlled writer failure maintains recoverable transactional access after cluster endpoint reconnection
  3. The proposed target design has documented permitted license use and tracked license utilization
  4. Services scale independently and teams do not manage EC2 container worker hosts

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Amazon MQ can support compatible managed message brokers when protocol continuity matters. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A message-processing application still uses an on-premises ActiveMQ-compatible broker and cannot immediately rewrite producers.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A controlled writer failure maintains recoverable transactional access after cluster endpoint reconnection. However, this does not establish the required outcome: existing clients publish and consume messages with acceptable protocol compatibility after controlled cutover.

C:

The proposed target design has documented permitted license use and tracked license utilization. However, this does not establish the required outcome: existing clients publish and consume messages with acceptable protocol compatibility after controlled cutover.

D:

Services scale independently and teams do not manage EC2 container worker hosts. However, this does not establish the required outcome: existing clients publish and consume messages with acceptable protocol compatibility after controlled cutover.

Question 898

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A brittle order-processing script has nested retries and no durable checkpoint between separate workflow steps. Which proposed change addresses the stated constraint most directly?

  1. Move the suitable multi-step orchestration into Step Functions with named states, bounded retries and error paths
  2. Use Systems Manager Patch Manager with patch baselines and maintenance-window runbooks
  3. Use compatible enhanced networking drivers and appropriately sized instance network bandwidth
  4. Pair an AWS Config detection rule with controlled Systems Manager Automation remediation and change safeguards

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

State machines improve auditability when state transitions and idempotency are designed. The required architecture outcome is: A brittle order-processing script has nested retries and no durable checkpoint between separate workflow steps. Validate this choice by checking that A retry resumes the failed state without independently rerunning successful steps and errors are visible in execution history.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Patch application is manual and lacks consistent baseline selection and change evidence. The specific problem here is that untracked imperative orchestration repeats previous side effects after transient failures.

C:

Unsupported drivers or unsuitable instance networking features cap throughput. The specific problem here is that untracked imperative orchestration repeats previous side effects after transient failures.

D:

Config findings are left as unactioned notifications while risky drift remains exposed. The specific problem here is that untracked imperative orchestration repeats previous side effects after transient failures.

Question 899

For the enterprise requirement "A legacy reporting ETL cluster requires durable raw data sharing and easier scale-out queries across departments", the team implemented this change: Build a governed S3-centered data lake with AWS Glue metadata and appropriate analytics services. Which observation should be required before the change is approved?

  1. Isolated handlers scale according to request demand and meet p95 latency and authorization targets
  2. Captured workload attributes reveal which servers can be rehosted together and which need further assessment
  3. Separate analysts query approved lake datasets without direct access to the legacy ETL host
  4. A controlled writer failure maintains recoverable transactional access after cluster endpoint reconnection

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. A shared governed object-storage lake decouples data retention from individual processing engines. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A legacy reporting ETL cluster requires durable raw data sharing and easier scale-out queries across departments.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Isolated handlers scale according to request demand and meet p95 latency and authorization targets. However, this does not establish the required outcome: separate analysts query approved lake datasets without direct access to the legacy ETL host.

B:

Captured workload attributes reveal which servers can be rehosted together and which need further assessment. However, this does not establish the required outcome: separate analysts query approved lake datasets without direct access to the legacy ETL host.

D:

A controlled writer failure maintains recoverable transactional access after cluster endpoint reconnection. However, this does not establish the required outcome: separate analysts query approved lake datasets without direct access to the legacy ETL host.

Question 900

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A scientific dataset spans petabytes over an unreliable 100-Mbps WAN and must arrive before a fixed laboratory deadline. Requirement B: An organization has a COBOL mainframe workflow that requires staged modernization rather than a blind VM copy. Select TWO actions, one for each independently scoped requirement.

  1. Assess the COBOL and batch-job dependencies, then evaluate AWS Transform for mainframe and supported vendor replatforming paths
  2. Estimate transfer duration and select online versus physical transfer based on throughput, change rate and cutoff window
  3. Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool or appropriate supported schema conversion assessment, then AWS DMS for data
  4. Perform application dependency discovery and group connected workloads into migration waves
  5. Introduce consistent tracing and structured correlation with CloudWatch and an OpenTelemetry-compatible collector where appropriate

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: An organization has a COBOL mainframe workflow that requires staged modernization rather than a blind VM copy. Mainframe migrations need purpose-built assessment and conversion or replatform planning. A direct acceptance check is: A pilot demonstrates the chosen mainframe transformation path and acceptable business results.

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A scientific dataset spans petabytes over an unreliable 100-Mbps WAN and must arrive before a fixed laboratory deadline. Migration transfer methods must fit volume, available bandwidth and allowed downtime. A direct acceptance check is: A tested transfer plan shows enough effective throughput plus integrity checks for the deadline.

Incorrect Answers

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A SQL Server estate must migrate to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL despite vendor-specific T-SQL constructs. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Heterogeneous database migrations require explicit schema and application compatibility work; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A corporation has hundreds of interdependent on-premises services and cannot establish which databases must move together. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Dependency mapping reduces migration risk by revealing the actual application interaction graph; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Operations cannot trace a customer transaction once it crosses more than six loosely coupled services. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Unified trace context and structured observability improve distributed troubleshooting; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.