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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 89

Question 880

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: Multiple production CloudFormation stacks are routinely modified directly in the console after deployment. Which architecture decision best meets that precise requirement?

  1. Add AWS Config evaluation for the risky security-group condition with controlled notification and remediation
  2. Run CloudFormation drift detection with planned change sets and reconcile unintended differences
  3. Instrument eligible application components with AWS X-Ray tracing or supported distributed tracing correlation
  4. Integrate AWS Health organizational events with EventBridge alerts and owner routing

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

CloudFormation drift assessment detects deviations from supported template-managed resource properties. The required architecture outcome is: Multiple production CloudFormation stacks are routinely modified directly in the console after deployment. Validate this choice by checking that Deliberately changed parameters are reported as drift and corrected through approved IaC updates.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Static security policy documents are not technically enforced against resource drift. The specific problem here is that console edits accumulate because no one compares deployed state with infrastructure definitions.

C:

Uncorrelated logs hide where the end-to-end latency accumulates. The specific problem here is that console edits accumulate because no one compares deployed state with infrastructure definitions.

D:

Service-specific Health notifications are not routed into incident processes. The specific problem here is that console edits accumulate because no one compares deployed state with infrastructure definitions.

Question 881

For the enterprise requirement "Hundreds of virtual machines require orchestrated recovery into AWS after a primary on-premises site failure", the team implemented this change: Use AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery with supported source replication and recovery drills. Which outcome is the most meaningful acceptance test?

  1. Replica lag and promotion tests meet defined RPO and RTO targets during planned and simulated events
  2. Backups remain recoverable from the dedicated account even when the application account is disabled
  3. Events from a test member account reach the central incident workflow and unauthorized senders are rejected
  4. A drilled failover boots recoverable instances and meets tested recovery objectives and dependency order

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery supports block-level replication and automated recovery launches. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Hundreds of virtual machines require orchestrated recovery into AWS after a primary on-premises site failure.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Replica lag and promotion tests meet defined RPO and RTO targets during planned and simulated events. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a drilled failover boots recoverable instances and meets tested recovery objectives and dependency order.

B:

Backups remain recoverable from the dedicated account even when the application account is disabled. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a drilled failover boots recoverable instances and meets tested recovery objectives and dependency order.

C:

Events from a test member account reach the central incident workflow and unauthorized senders are rejected. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a drilled failover boots recoverable instances and meets tested recovery objectives and dependency order.

Question 882

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: Branch offices retain file shares locally but need backup and tiered cloud-backed storage without replacing every client. What should the solutions architect recommend?

  1. Evaluate Amazon MQ with an appropriate compatible engine and migrate broker connections in stages
  2. Use AWS DMS full load plus change data capture with compatible schema and monitored replication task
  3. Evaluate AWS Storage Gateway file or volume gateway mode against existing file protocol and caching requirements
  4. Migrate shared application files to Amazon EFS with appropriate mount targets and throughput configuration

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Storage Gateway helps bridge supported on-premises storage protocols to AWS-backed storage. The required architecture outcome is: Branch offices retain file shares locally but need backup and tiered cloud-backed storage without replacing every client. Validate this choice by checking that Local clients retain supported file access while selected data is persisted to eligible AWS storage.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Developers assume SQS has identical JMS or broker feature semantics to the source stack. The specific problem here is that a direct S3 SDK rewrite was imposed on workloads that cannot change their file interface.

B:

One-time offline export cannot satisfy the narrow write-freeze window. The specific problem here is that a direct S3 SDK rewrite was imposed on workloads that cannot change their file interface.

D:

Local instance disks are wrongly used as a shared durable POSIX file system. The specific problem here is that a direct S3 SDK rewrite was imposed on workloads that cannot change their file interface.

Question 883

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A compliance dataset is rarely accessed after 90 days but must remain recoverable within several hours when requested. Requirement B: A Lambda-backed API team needs to send roughly ten percent of invocation traffic to a new published function revision, with monitored rollback before full promotion. Which TWO changes directly satisfy these different needs?

  1. Tune CloudFront cache policies and origin behavior to increase cache hits while honoring freshness limits
  2. Configure a suitable RDS cross-Region read replica where supported and rehearse replica promotion and endpoint changes
  3. Configure S3 Lifecycle transitions to a suitable archival storage class and test retrieval times
  4. Use EC2 Spot capacity with checkpointing and interruption-aware retry mechanisms
  5. Publish a Lambda version and configure weighted alias routing with deployment alarms

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

For requirement A, S3 Lifecycle can move eligible objects into an archival storage class that matches their access pattern. Select a retrieval tier that meets the several-hour recovery window, account for minimum storage duration and transition costs, and test restores on representative objects.

E:

For requirement B, an alias can route an approximate ten percent of requests to the new published Lambda version while the stable version handles the remainder. Monitor version-specific success and error signals, and roll the alias back if canary checks fail before promotion. Low volumes can produce sampling variance.

Incorrect Answers

A:

CloudFront caching addresses repeat web requests and origin transfer, not a governed S3 archive lifecycle or a monitored weighted Lambda release. It provides neither requirement A nor requirement B.

B:

A cross-Region RDS read replica concerns asynchronous database replication and disaster recovery; it neither establishes the dataset storage-class transition nor sends a measured percentage of Lambda traffic to a new published version.

D:

EC2 Spot addresses cost reduction for interruption-tolerant compute jobs. These workstreams require archived-object retention and Lambda deployment routing, not batch compute capacity procurement; Spot does not implement either control.

Question 884

An architecture review recommends this solution: Estimate transfer duration and select online versus physical transfer based on throughput, change rate and cutoff window. The motivating situation is: A scientific dataset spans petabytes over an unreliable 100-Mbps WAN and must arrive before a fixed laboratory deadline. Which technical principle most strongly justifies this recommendation?

  1. Application discovery captures real workload characteristics needed for migration planning
  2. Heterogeneous migrations require schema and code compatibility assessment, not only row transfer
  3. A shared governed object-storage lake decouples data retention from individual processing engines
  4. Migration transfer methods must fit volume, available bandwidth and allowed downtime

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Estimate transfer duration and select online versus physical transfer based on throughput, change rate and cutoff window. The expected supporting evidence is: A tested transfer plan shows enough effective throughput plus integrity checks for the deadline.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior. The stated evidence instead indicates: A simple online copy was selected without calculating network capacity and transfer duration.

B:

Database engine migration was assumed to be a simple homogeneous replication job. The stated evidence instead indicates: A simple online copy was selected without calculating network capacity and transfer duration.

C:

All analytics jobs depend on a single custom ETL server and its directly attached storage. The stated evidence instead indicates: A simple online copy was selected without calculating network capacity and transfer duration.

Question 885

An architecture review recommends this solution: Add pipeline quality gates and explicit approval conditions prior to production deployment. The motivating situation is: A payment service must block production release if vulnerability and smoke-test gates fail, even though the build itself succeeded. Why is this architecture appropriate for the described workload?

  1. CDK expresses infrastructure as code while CloudFormation supplies deployed resource state
  2. Lambda aliases support weighted traffic between published versions with monitored promotion
  3. Lifecycle transitions reduce storage expense only if retrieval and minimum-duration constraints fit
  4. Release pipelines should verify deployment risk and acceptance criteria beyond build success

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Add pipeline quality gates and explicit approval conditions prior to production deployment. The expected supporting evidence is: Failed security or smoke tests prevent production deployment while passing builds can be promoted.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Console-created infrastructure diverged from versioned architecture definitions. The stated evidence instead indicates: A successful compilation is treated as proof that the release is safe and functional.

B:

The function's unqualified ARN always invokes latest code for all users, bypassing version routing. The stated evidence instead indicates: A successful compilation is treated as proof that the release is safe and functional.

C:

Objects remain indefinitely in higher-cost storage despite a proven low-access retention pattern. The stated evidence instead indicates: A successful compilation is treated as proof that the release is safe and functional.

Question 886

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: Compliance requires a formal rotation process for customer-managed KMS keys without breaking historical ciphertext. What original architectural gap most directly explains the failure?

  1. Resource-based trust was not evaluated beyond local IAM identity permission reports
  2. Role policies retain privileges indefinitely without evidence about actual service usage
  3. Teams confuse key material rotation with replacing the KMS key ID and losing access to old data
  4. Only instance host metrics exist and individual container bottlenecks cannot be isolated

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. KMS key rotation retains ability to decrypt data encrypted with earlier key material. The appropriate correction is: Configure supported KMS key rotation policy and validate old ciphertext decrypt behavior under the same logical key. The control should then be tested by verifying that New cryptographic material is used when rotation occurs while previously encrypted data remains decryptable.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Resource-based trust was not evaluated beyond local IAM identity permission reports. The stated evidence instead indicates: Teams confuse key material rotation with replacing the KMS key ID and losing access to old data.

B:

Role policies retain privileges indefinitely without evidence about actual service usage. The stated evidence instead indicates: Teams confuse key material rotation with replacing the KMS key ID and losing access to old data.

D:

Only instance host metrics exist and individual container bottlenecks cannot be isolated. The stated evidence instead indicates: Teams confuse key material rotation with replacing the KMS key ID and losing access to old data.

Question 887

An architecture review recommends this solution: Update the key policy and consumer IAM permissions for the cross-account principal, alongside S3 access authorization. The motivating situation is: A producer account encrypts S3 objects under its KMS key and a distinct consumer role must decrypt those objects cross-account. What principle supports the selected implementation?

  1. Cross-account KMS use requires authorization from the key-owning account and the requesting principal
  2. Service-specific delegated administration provides controlled cross-account security operations
  3. Security Hub delegated administration centralizes findings while each source account retains its own resources
  4. IAM Access Analyzer analyzes resource-based policies for external access outside the chosen trust zone

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Update the key policy and consumer IAM permissions for the cross-account principal, alongside S3 access authorization. The expected supporting evidence is: The consumer role reads approved encrypted objects but cannot decrypt other protected datasets.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Management-account-only operations were mistaken for necessary daily centralized security administration. The stated evidence instead indicates: The remote principal has S3 object access but lacks required key-policy and IAM decrypt permission.

C:

Individual Security Hub instances were not centrally delegated or aggregated. The stated evidence instead indicates: The remote principal has S3 object access but lacks required key-policy and IAM decrypt permission.

D:

Resource policies were never checked for access beyond the organization's trust boundary. The stated evidence instead indicates: The remote principal has S3 object access but lacks required key-policy and IAM decrypt permission.

Question 888

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: An enterprise wants line-item chargeback for data transfer and service usage across hundreds of accounts. What was most likely overlooked in the original design?

  1. Previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint
  2. A single-Region DynamoDB table cannot accept the required local writes after that Region fails
  3. The team relies exclusively on retrospective end-of-month billing statements
  4. Summary monthly bills lack the resource-level usage detail needed for chargeback

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. The Cost and Usage Report provides detailed billing facts for accountable cost analysis. The appropriate correction is: Export AWS Cost and Usage Reports to S3 and query them with Athena or a billing data analysis workflow. The control should then be tested by verifying that Finance can reconcile detailed usage line items to accounts and cost categories.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint. The stated evidence instead indicates: Summary monthly bills lack the resource-level usage detail needed for chargeback.

B:

A single-Region DynamoDB table cannot accept the required local writes after that Region fails. The stated evidence instead indicates: Summary monthly bills lack the resource-level usage detail needed for chargeback.

C:

The team relies exclusively on retrospective end-of-month billing statements. The stated evidence instead indicates: Summary monthly bills lack the resource-level usage detail needed for chargeback.

Question 889

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A DynamoDB application requires recovery from accidental writes to an earlier point within a month. Requirement B: A platform service incurs shared transfer charges that cannot be assigned to consuming product teams. Choose TWO actions that directly address these separate problems.

  1. Configure organization-wide GuardDuty administration with supported automatic enrollment and region strategy
  2. Enable and test DynamoDB point-in-time recovery for the table and recovery runbook
  3. Run controlled AWS Fault Injection Service scenarios with safety guardrails and predeclared stop conditions
  4. Benchmark throughput and latency, then evaluate a supported gp3 volume where required performance fits
  5. Enable detailed Cost and Usage Reports with cost categories or properly activated allocation tags

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A DynamoDB application requires recovery from accidental writes to an earlier point within a month. DynamoDB PITR restores to a selected point within its available recovery window. A direct acceptance check is: Restoring a suitable past timestamp creates a usable table with correct records.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A platform service incurs shared transfer charges that cannot be assigned to consuming product teams. CUR data and explicit allocation logic improve auditable cost attribution. A direct acceptance check is: Chargeback results trace shared spend to accounted requests or accountable service consumers.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: The security team manages GuardDuty separately in 50 accounts and misses newly created member accounts. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Central GuardDuty administration supports ongoing multi-account detection enrollment; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A multi-AZ production stack has never been tested with a failed Availability Zone during working hours. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Fault injection validates real system behavior within approved experiment boundaries; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A database team purchased oversized io2 EBS performance when measured throughput is far below its actual needs. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. EBS volume-class selection should follow measured IO and durability requirements; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 890

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: An AWS Enterprise Support research customer needs to migrate tens of terabytes from a remote site with unreliable network links and can bring storage to a nearby AWS transfer facility. Which action would resolve the problem without adding unrelated capabilities?

  1. Prefer a supported homogeneous DMS migration or native replication pattern with CDC where suitable
  2. Reserve an AWS Data Transfer Terminal session and bring compatible encrypted storage to upload through its high-bandwidth AWS connection
  3. Classify applications through a defined 7 Rs migration assessment with business value, risk and retirement criteria
  4. Use AWS Application Migration Service for compatible server replication, test launches and cutover orchestration

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

AWS Data Transfer Terminal allows eligible Enterprise Support customers to bring storage to an AWS transfer site; AWS Snowball Edge is no longer available to new customers. The required architecture outcome is: An AWS Enterprise Support research customer needs to migrate tens of terabytes from a remote site with unreliable network links and can bring storage to a nearby AWS transfer facility. Validate this choice by checking that The Enterprise Support team uploads the approved data during its reserved session and matches end-to-end source and destination checksums.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration. The specific problem here is that the migration plan assumes a new AWS Snowball Edge device can still be ordered even though new-customer ordering is unavailable.

C:

All assets are scheduled for direct rehost even when some are obsolete or unsuitable. The specific problem here is that the migration plan assumes a new AWS Snowball Edge device can still be ordered even though new-customer ordering is unavailable.

D:

Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover. The specific problem here is that the migration plan assumes a new AWS Snowball Edge device can still be ordered even though new-customer ordering is unavailable.