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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 4

Question 30

An architecture review recommends this solution: Configure Global Accelerator listeners and healthy regional ALB or NLB endpoints. The motivating situation is: A global TCP service wants static public entry addresses and traffic steering over the AWS global network for lowest path latency. What principle supports the selected implementation?

  1. CloudFront edge caching reduces origin fetches for cacheable content
  2. SQS dead-letter queues preserve failed messages for separate inspection and remediation
  3. Global Accelerator accelerates supported TCP/UDP applications without serving as an HTTP content cache
  4. A shared in-memory cache reduces backend read pressure when expiry and failure behavior are designed

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Configure Global Accelerator listeners and healthy regional ALB or NLB endpoints. The expected supporting evidence is: Clients use accelerator anycast addresses and connect to the healthy regional endpoint with improved path latency.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Every static asset fetch goes to a distant origin instead of the edge cache. The stated evidence instead indicates: Region-specific public IPs and DNS routing do not provide the needed global anycast transport optimization.

B:

Repeated retries of one failed message prevent useful error isolation and redrive workflow. The stated evidence instead indicates: Region-specific public IPs and DNS routing do not provide the needed global anycast transport optimization.

D:

Instance-local caches cannot share consistent ephemeral state across horizontally scaled hosts. The stated evidence instead indicates: Region-specific public IPs and DNS routing do not provide the needed global anycast transport optimization.

Question 31

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A mature EC2 service wants to reduce response latency and CPU cost by moving to Graviton while preserving custom native dependencies. What design flaw is the best match for the reported condition?

  1. Stream shard limits or skewed partition keys cannot handle incoming record throughput
  2. A single active Region was incorrectly advertised as having near-zero recovery time
  3. The team assumes an x86 machine image and native binaries can run unchanged on arm64
  4. Instance-local caches cannot share consistent ephemeral state across horizontally scaled hosts

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Graviton migration requires compatible architecture builds and representative workload benchmarking. The appropriate correction is: Benchmark supported arm64 builds on Graviton instance families and deploy only after compatibility validation. The control should then be tested by verifying that p95 latency and unit costs improve in a representative arm64 canary with all native libraries working.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Stream shard limits or skewed partition keys cannot handle incoming record throughput. The stated evidence instead indicates: The team assumes an x86 machine image and native binaries can run unchanged on arm64.

B:

A single active Region was incorrectly advertised as having near-zero recovery time. The stated evidence instead indicates: The team assumes an x86 machine image and native binaries can run unchanged on arm64.

D:

Instance-local caches cannot share consistent ephemeral state across horizontally scaled hosts. The stated evidence instead indicates: The team assumes an x86 machine image and native binaries can run unchanged on arm64.

Question 32

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: Business units need temporary developer access to multiple accounts but not permanent local IAM users. What should the solutions architect recommend?

  1. Set up IAM Identity Center account assignments with role-scoped permission sets and centralized joiner-leaver management
  2. Use AWS Backup cross-account copies into a protected backup account with isolated restore permissions
  3. Publish permitted events across account boundaries to a central EventBridge event bus with explicit resource policy
  4. Deploy an AWS Control Tower landing zone and Account Factory-based governance with planned organizational units

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Central identity assignments reduce stale credentials and standardize workforce access. The required architecture outcome is: Business units need temporary developer access to multiple accounts but not permanent local IAM users. Validate this choice by checking that Revoking a staff member's assignment removes their delegated access without per-account user deletion.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Every backup copy resides in the same administration boundary as the threatened workloads. The specific problem here is that each business unit manually maintains duplicative IAM users in workload accounts.

C:

Events remain confined to local account buses because cross-account bus authorization is absent. The specific problem here is that each business unit manually maintains duplicative IAM users in workload accounts.

D:

New accounts are assembled by ad hoc scripts with inconsistent security baselines. The specific problem here is that each business unit manually maintains duplicative IAM users in workload accounts.

Question 33

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A worldwide public application targets near-zero regional failover time and already tolerates multi-Region data conflict semantics. Requirement B: A build system hosted outside AWS needs temporary access to deploy CloudFormation without storing long-lived access keys. Select TWO independent changes that meet the named requirements.

  1. Evaluate AWS Shield Advanced with supported resource protection and runbooks alongside layered edge controls
  2. Design a warm-standby secondary Region with continuously updated state and reduced steady-state capacity
  3. Configure IAM role federation with OIDC trust subject restrictions for the external build identity
  4. Use CodeDeploy blue-green deployment with alternate load balancer target groups and rollback alarms
  5. Use an appropriately designed active-active multi-Region architecture with global routing and compatible data replication

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A build system hosted outside AWS needs temporary access to deploy CloudFormation without storing long-lived access keys. OIDC role federation supports temporary credentials and scoped trust for external workloads. A direct acceptance check is: The approved CI workload receives short-lived role credentials and an unapproved repository identity fails assumption.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A worldwide public application targets near-zero regional failover time and already tolerates multi-Region data conflict semantics. Active-active architectures provide immediate regional capacity but require safe multi-Region data behavior. A direct acceptance check is: Failure of one Region does not interrupt healthy remaining regional capacity under synthetic load.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A revenue-critical public endpoint requires proactive DDoS response coordination and protected eligible application resources. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Shield Advanced adds advanced DDoS protection and response support for supported resources; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A transaction platform must recover within minutes but budget constraints prohibit active-active processing in both Regions. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Warm standby keeps a functional smaller recovery environment ready for rapid scaling; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A high-traffic EC2 service must release a risky version while keeping a rapid rollback path and without terminating all healthy targets at once. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Blue-green deployment separates old and new environments to support safe traffic shifting; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 34

An architecture review recommends this solution: Run IAM Access Analyzer external-access findings scoped to the organization and fix the exact resource policies. The motivating situation is: A public S3 bucket and KMS key unexpectedly trust principals outside the company's AWS organization. Why does this approach fit the stated design constraints?

  1. Access Analyzer detects eligible resource trust outside its zone of trust
  2. RI coverage should be evaluated at consolidated billing scope where sharing is enabled
  3. WAF logs provide request and rule evaluation evidence for security tuning
  4. AWS Config checks configuration changes against evaluable rules and supports managed remediation actions

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Run IAM Access Analyzer external-access findings scoped to the organization and fix the exact resource policies. The expected supporting evidence is: Cross-account access findings identify external principals and clear only when permissions are corrected.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Teams purchase more RIs independently without measuring existing shared coverage. The stated evidence instead indicates: Resource-based trust was not evaluated beyond local IAM identity permission reports.

C:

WAF rules are deployed without visibility into which requests they affect. The stated evidence instead indicates: Resource-based trust was not evaluated beyond local IAM identity permission reports.

D:

Static security policy documents are not technically enforced against resource drift. The stated evidence instead indicates: Resource-based trust was not evaluated beyond local IAM identity permission reports.

Question 35

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: An estate of supported Linux and Windows VMs must rehost to EC2 with minimal application modification and short cutovers. What should the solutions architect recommend?

  1. Use AWS Application Migration Service for compatible server replication, test launches and cutover orchestration
  2. Use AWS DataSync agents and tasks with scheduling and integrity validation
  3. Use AWS DMS full load plus change data capture with compatible schema and monitored replication task
  4. Apply the strangler pattern, routing one well-defined capability at a time to a tested new service

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

AWS MGN supports continuous server replication and orchestrated rehosting validation. The required architecture outcome is: An estate of supported Linux and Windows VMs must rehost to EC2 with minimal application modification and short cutovers. Validate this choice by checking that Replicated servers boot in AWS test VPCs with verified application functionality before cutover.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Homegrown scripts do not handle incremental transfer, scheduling and verification consistently. The specific problem here is that manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover.

C:

One-time offline export cannot satisfy the narrow write-freeze window. The specific problem here is that manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover.

D:

An all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk. The specific problem here is that manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover.

Question 36

An architecture review recommends this solution: Enable supported Container Insights telemetry for task and service performance diagnostics. The motivating situation is: An ECS fleet is experiencing p99 delays but per-container CPU and memory usage are absent from operational dashboards. Which consideration makes this solution preferable to the original approach?

  1. Container Insights provides enhanced telemetry for container infrastructure
  2. Compute Optimizer estimates rightsizing opportunities subject to compatibility and workload validation
  3. DynamoDB throughput requires sufficient mode capacity and key-distribution design
  4. Lambda provisioned concurrency keeps selected execution environments initialized to reduce startup latency

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Enable supported Container Insights telemetry for task and service performance diagnostics. The expected supporting evidence is: High-latency periods correlate with a specific task's memory or CPU saturation.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Instances remain oversized based only on purchase history rather than performance evidence. The stated evidence instead indicates: Only instance host metrics exist and individual container bottlenecks cannot be isolated.

C:

Capacity planning ignores demand spikes or hot keys that concentrate requests. The stated evidence instead indicates: Only instance host metrics exist and individual container bottlenecks cannot be isolated.

D:

On-demand initialization latency is not addressed for the critical invocation path. The stated evidence instead indicates: Only instance host metrics exist and individual container bottlenecks cannot be isolated.

Question 37

For the enterprise requirement "A platform service incurs shared transfer charges that cannot be assigned to consuming product teams", the team implemented this change: Enable detailed Cost and Usage Reports with cost categories or properly activated allocation tags. What observed result would demonstrate successful delivery of the requested capability?

  1. Tested gp3 configuration meets IO SLOs at lower monthly storage and provisioned-performance cost
  2. Chargeback results trace shared spend to accounted requests or accountable service consumers
  3. Data-transfer charges drop while latency and resilience objectives still pass
  4. The actor, source and changed policy action appear in audit events from the affected account

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. CUR data and explicit allocation logic improve auditable cost attribution. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A platform service incurs shared transfer charges that cannot be assigned to consuming product teams.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Tested gp3 configuration meets IO SLOs at lower monthly storage and provisioned-performance cost. However, this does not establish the required outcome: chargeback results trace shared spend to accounted requests or accountable service consumers.

C:

Data-transfer charges drop while latency and resilience objectives still pass. However, this does not establish the required outcome: chargeback results trace shared spend to accounted requests or accountable service consumers.

D:

The actor, source and changed policy action appear in audit events from the affected account. However, this does not establish the required outcome: chargeback results trace shared spend to accounted requests or accountable service consumers.

Question 38

For the enterprise requirement "Employees across dozens of AWS accounts must use one corporate identity provider and centrally standardized account assignments", the team implemented this change: Configure IAM Identity Center with enterprise IdP integration, permission sets and controlled account assignments. Which test result proves this architecture satisfies its stated constraint?

  1. Employees sign in using enterprise identities and receive only the mapped roles in assigned accounts
  2. Traffic uses translated unique endpoint addresses and return packets reach the original client correctly
  3. The assumed session can read the approved prefix and is denied a separate confidential prefix
  4. A noncompliant test bucket is flagged and the remediation removes its unauthorized public exposure

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. IAM Identity Center coordinates workforce SSO permission sets across accounts. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Employees across dozens of AWS accounts must use one corporate identity provider and centrally standardized account assignments.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Traffic uses translated unique endpoint addresses and return packets reach the original client correctly. However, this does not establish the required outcome: employees sign in using enterprise identities and receive only the mapped roles in assigned accounts.

C:

The assumed session can read the approved prefix and is denied a separate confidential prefix. However, this does not establish the required outcome: employees sign in using enterprise identities and receive only the mapped roles in assigned accounts.

D:

A noncompliant test bucket is flagged and the remediation removes its unauthorized public exposure. However, this does not establish the required outcome: employees sign in using enterprise identities and receive only the mapped roles in assigned accounts.

Question 39

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: Service owners cannot separate API traffic incidents from infrastructure incidents across ten microservices. Which root cause is most consistent with the observation?

  1. Untracked imperative orchestration repeats previous side effects after transient failures
  2. Metrics and logs are not organized into actionable per-service operational signals
  3. Engineers measure host utilization but not the outcomes experienced by users
  4. Misses from different edge caches repeatedly burden the same origin

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Meaningful dashboards align telemetry with system service boundaries and indicators. The appropriate correction is: Build CloudWatch operational dashboards with service-specific metrics, structured logging, and correlation identifiers. The control should then be tested by verifying that An incident view identifies the affected service and response latency rather than just total fleet CPU.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Untracked imperative orchestration repeats previous side effects after transient failures. The stated evidence instead indicates: Metrics and logs are not organized into actionable per-service operational signals.

C:

Engineers measure host utilization but not the outcomes experienced by users. The stated evidence instead indicates: Metrics and logs are not organized into actionable per-service operational signals.

D:

Misses from different edge caches repeatedly burden the same origin. The stated evidence instead indicates: Metrics and logs are not organized into actionable per-service operational signals.

Question 40

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A global network has rising cross-AZ and inter-Region transfer bills despite healthy compute utilization. Which action would resolve the problem without adding unrelated capabilities?

  1. Analyze Cost Explorer coverage and utilization before adjusting a suitable commitment
  2. Pair an AWS Config detection rule with controlled Systems Manager Automation remediation and change safeguards
  3. Analyze transfer usage in CUR and network metrics; redesign unnecessary cross-AZ chatty application flows
  4. Collect proper monitoring and evaluate AWS Compute Optimizer recommendations with SLO tests

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Placement and traffic pattern matter to data transfer costs as much as raw compute prices. The required architecture outcome is: A global network has rising cross-AZ and inter-Region transfer bills despite healthy compute utilization. Validate this choice by checking that Data-transfer charges drop while latency and resilience objectives still pass.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Capacity commitments are purchased solely from forecast without checking historical eligible use. The specific problem here is that workload service calls repeatedly cross paid network boundaries without quantified need.

B:

Config findings are left as unactioned notifications while risky drift remains exposed. The specific problem here is that workload service calls repeatedly cross paid network boundaries without quantified need.

D:

Instances remain oversized based only on purchase history rather than performance evidence. The specific problem here is that workload service calls repeatedly cross paid network boundaries without quantified need.