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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 46

Question 450

An architecture review recommends this solution: Use CodePipeline stages with independent regional deploy actions and a manual approval gate before the restricted stage. The motivating situation is: A product releases the same service to two Regions and must require a compliance approval before the second Region goes live. Which consideration makes this solution preferable to the original approach?

  1. Multi-Region pipelines can enforce explicit promotion and approval boundaries
  2. Shield Advanced adds advanced DDoS protection and response support for supported resources
  3. CloudFormation StackSets manages stack instances across accounts and Regions from a controlled template
  4. Weighted routing can support staged migration when health checks and client caching are considered

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Use CodePipeline stages with independent regional deploy actions and a manual approval gate before the restricted stage. The expected supporting evidence is: The first Region deploys, the second Region waits for approval, and rejection prevents restricted rollout.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Basic infrastructure availability controls were mistaken for managed advanced DDoS response workflow. The stated evidence instead indicates: Independent release scripts lack enforceable promotion ordering and approval evidence.

C:

Individual account stacks were created manually and drift from the approved baseline. The stated evidence instead indicates: Independent release scripts lack enforceable promotion ordering and approval evidence.

D:

One abrupt DNS change replaced every consumer endpoint with no controlled canary or rollback. The stated evidence instead indicates: Independent release scripts lack enforceable promotion ordering and approval evidence.

Question 451

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: An Aurora-backed API has too many queries on the writer and wants to distribute read-only reporting traffic. Which option best aligns with the business and technical requirement?

  1. Configure EventBridge archives and event replay with selection patterns and measured retention
  2. Implement a tested backup-and-restore disaster recovery pattern with documented recovery runbooks
  3. Define API Gateway throttling limits and usage or monitoring controls that match allowed request rates
  4. Send eligible reads through the Aurora reader endpoint and provision suitable replica capacity

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Aurora reader endpoints balance connections to read replicas for read workloads. The required architecture outcome is: An Aurora-backed API has too many queries on the writer and wants to distribute read-only reporting traffic. Validate this choice by checking that Read latency and writer CPU improve under reporting load without routing writes to read replicas.

Incorrect Answers

A:

No event archive exists to replay notifications that failed during downstream processing. The specific problem here is that every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers.

B:

A backup exists but no restore procedure or measured restore duration has been proven. The specific problem here is that every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers.

C:

Unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured. The specific problem here is that every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers.

Question 452

For the enterprise requirement "Finance needs engineering costs apportioned by team using tags rather than guessed from account totals", the team implemented this change: Activate standardized cost allocation tags and enforce tagging through governance processes. Which result specifically demonstrates the fix works?

  1. Traffic crosses the regional peering attachment only for specifically installed and approved prefixes
  2. Tested resized instances meet p95 latency goals while recommended savings are observed
  3. Dashboards identify targeted buckets with abnormal storage patterns and lifecycle candidates
  4. Cost and Usage Reports or Cost Explorer show tagged team spend after activation and reporting delay

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Cost allocation tags must be activated before they appear in billing cost analytics. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Finance needs engineering costs apportioned by team using tags rather than guessed from account totals.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Traffic crosses the regional peering attachment only for specifically installed and approved prefixes. However, this does not establish the required outcome: cost and Usage Reports or Cost Explorer show tagged team spend after activation and reporting delay.

B:

Tested resized instances meet p95 latency goals while recommended savings are observed. However, this does not establish the required outcome: cost and Usage Reports or Cost Explorer show tagged team spend after activation and reporting delay.

C:

Dashboards identify targeted buckets with abnormal storage patterns and lifecycle candidates. However, this does not establish the required outcome: cost and Usage Reports or Cost Explorer show tagged team spend after activation and reporting delay.

Question 453

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A company wants to identify IAM permissions that have not been used recently before removing high-risk privileges. Which option best aligns with the business and technical requirement?

  1. Aggregate CloudTrail management events with appropriately protected central storage and searchable event records
  2. Review IAM Access Advisor last-accessed information with supported CloudTrail evidence and workload ownership confirmation
  3. Configure organization-wide GuardDuty administration with supported automatic enrollment and region strategy
  4. Configure the supported subscription delivery policy, retries and dead-letter queue where applicable

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Last-accessed data informs least-privilege reviews but does not prove a permission is universally unnecessary. The required architecture outcome is: A company wants to identify IAM permissions that have not been used recently before removing high-risk privileges. Validate this choice by checking that Candidates for removal have verified inactivity context and revocation tests do not break approved workflows.

Incorrect Answers

A:

CloudTrail management events are not retained or centrally available for review. The specific problem here is that role policies retain privileges indefinitely without evidence about actual service usage.

C:

Threat detection remains inconsistently deployed across member accounts and Regions. The specific problem here is that role policies retain privileges indefinitely without evidence about actual service usage.

D:

Failed notifications disappear because no supported retry and DLQ design is in place. The specific problem here is that role policies retain privileges indefinitely without evidence about actual service usage.

Question 454

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A public application must divert DNS traffic away from an endpoint when health checks show it has failed. What should the solutions architect recommend?

  1. Use an Application Load Balancer with Auto Scaling groups spanning multiple AZs and health checks
  2. Create a Route 53 health check and a PRIMARY failover DNS record, but omit the required SECONDARY failover record and test only TTL caching.
  3. Configure Route 53 failover routing with suitable health checks and a tested secondary target
  4. Configure SQS redrive policy with an appropriate dead-letter queue and maxReceiveCount

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

DNS failover requires health-aware routing and realistic expectations for cached answers. The required architecture outcome is: A public application must divert DNS traffic away from an endpoint when health checks show it has failed. Validate this choice by checking that New DNS lookups return the secondary endpoint after a primary health check changes to unhealthy.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Instance capacity is pinned to one zone with no automated target recovery. The specific problem here is that dNS simple routing cannot automatically reflect the application's health.

B:

Route 53 active-passive failover requires a matched primary and secondary failover record, with a health check or supported alias health evaluation directing queries to a healthy standby. A primary record plus TTL testing cannot divert traffic to a missing secondary.

D:

Repeated retries of one failed message prevent useful error isolation and redrive workflow. The specific problem here is that dNS simple routing cannot automatically reflect the application's health.

Question 455

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Enterprise billing shows a stable EC2 spend baseline but Savings Plans are not aligned with actual account usage. Requirement B: A business-critical order API has no measured user-facing latency objective and responders cannot tell if changes make availability worse. Select TWO independent changes that meet the named requirements.

  1. Define service level indicators and targets in CloudWatch dashboards and alarms grounded in request success and p95 latency
  2. Analyze Cost Explorer coverage and utilization before adjusting a suitable commitment
  3. Configure and verify Route 53 failover records with endpoint health checks and explicit secondary routing
  4. Review RI utilization, supported reservation sharing and regional family coverage before buying more
  5. Use Systems Manager Patch Manager with patch baselines and maintenance-window runbooks

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A business-critical order API has no measured user-facing latency objective and responders cannot tell if changes make availability worse. Operational excellence requires observable application SLOs tied to business-critical behavior. A direct acceptance check is: Release decisions reference tracked error rate and latency burn rather than raw instance uptime alone.

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Enterprise billing shows a stable EC2 spend baseline but Savings Plans are not aligned with actual account usage. Savings Plan decisions require evidence about coverage and utilization of eligible compute. A direct acceptance check is: Eligible baseline compute spend receives discounts without excessive underused commitment.

Incorrect Answers

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Two Regions are deployed but customer requests stay routed to the failed primary endpoint indefinitely. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. DNS failover needs a health-signal and routing policy that actually switches answers; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: Several member accounts buy overlapping Reserved Instances, yet unused reservations remain in the organization. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. RI coverage should be evaluated at consolidated billing scope where sharing is enabled; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Hundreds of EC2 hosts need scheduled patch windows with evidence of patch compliance and approved maintenance boundaries. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Systems Manager supports fleet patching with centralized baselines and maintenance windows; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 456

An architecture review recommends this solution: Introduce change data capture and an event stream or bus with replay and idempotent consumers. The motivating situation is: A legacy billing system runs nightly ETL and downstream consumers need near-real-time invoice changes. Which statement explains why the recommendation solves the specific problem?

  1. Mainframe migrations need purpose-built assessment and conversion or replatform planning
  2. Managed workflow orchestration makes retries, errors and compensation explicit
  3. Domain-aligned service boundaries require APIs and deliberate data ownership separation
  4. CDC-based event distribution can modernize delayed batch data propagation

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Introduce change data capture and an event stream or bus with replay and idempotent consumers. The expected supporting evidence is: Invoice updates arrive at consumers within the required lag and replay does not duplicate side effects.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Mainframe batch and transaction semantics were treated as if they were ordinary Linux workloads. The stated evidence instead indicates: All consumers wait for a nightly export despite a near-real-time freshness requirement.

B:

Workflow state and failure recovery are hidden in fragile custom imperative scripts. The stated evidence instead indicates: All consumers wait for a nightly export despite a near-real-time freshness requirement.

C:

Shared data and internal method calls prevent independent deployment and scale. The stated evidence instead indicates: All consumers wait for a nightly export despite a near-real-time freshness requirement.

Question 457

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Hundreds of EC2 hosts need scheduled patch windows with evidence of patch compliance and approved maintenance boundaries. Requirement B: The security team manages GuardDuty separately in 50 accounts and misses newly created member accounts. Which TWO architecture changes cover both acceptance criteria?

  1. Use Systems Manager Patch Manager with patch baselines and maintenance-window runbooks
  2. Integrate AWS Health organizational events with EventBridge alerts and owner routing
  3. Configure organization-wide GuardDuty administration with supported automatic enrollment and region strategy
  4. Add an appropriate CloudFront Origin Shield layer and adjust origin caching strategy
  5. Run IAM Access Analyzer external-access findings scoped to the organization and fix the exact resource policies

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Hundreds of EC2 hosts need scheduled patch windows with evidence of patch compliance and approved maintenance boundaries. Systems Manager supports fleet patching with centralized baselines and maintenance windows. A direct acceptance check is: Compliance reports show applied baselines and chosen hosts patched only during approved windows.

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: The security team manages GuardDuty separately in 50 accounts and misses newly created member accounts. Central GuardDuty administration supports ongoing multi-account detection enrollment. A direct acceptance check is: Existing and new participating accounts report eligible findings to the delegated administrator.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A platform team learns about upcoming service maintenance only after workloads start failing. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS Health can surface AWS-side events relevant to affected resources and accounts; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A global media site sends repeated uncached misses to an expensive origin even with widespread CloudFront edge caches. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. CloudFront Origin Shield can consolidate cache misses through an additional regional layer; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: A public S3 bucket and KMS key unexpectedly trust principals outside the company's AWS organization. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Access Analyzer detects eligible resource trust outside its zone of trust; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 458

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: Order processing must survive transient database outages without permanently losing accepted incoming work. Which underlying cause should be investigated first?

  1. Savings recommendations exist in separate consoles and are double counted in spreadsheets
  2. Synchronous request-to-database coupling loses or rejects work whenever the database is unavailable
  3. No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage
  4. A single-Region Aurora cluster lacks a suitable crossregional disaster recovery target

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Durable queues decouple intake availability from downstream processing failures. The appropriate correction is: Place an SQS queue between submission and processing, with appropriately scaled consumers and DLQ policy. The control should then be tested by verifying that Accepted messages remain durable during database downtime and are eventually processed when consumers recover.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Savings recommendations exist in separate consoles and are double counted in spreadsheets. The stated evidence instead indicates: Synchronous request-to-database coupling loses or rejects work whenever the database is unavailable.

C:

No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage. The stated evidence instead indicates: Synchronous request-to-database coupling loses or rejects work whenever the database is unavailable.

D:

A single-Region Aurora cluster lacks a suitable crossregional disaster recovery target. The stated evidence instead indicates: Synchronous request-to-database coupling loses or rejects work whenever the database is unavailable.

Question 459

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A source MySQL workload must migrate to Amazon RDS MySQL without an engine conversion project. What should the solutions architect recommend?

  1. Identify bounded contexts and isolate independently deployable modules with explicit APIs and data ownership
  2. Use AWS Transfer Family with a supported SFTP endpoint and appropriate identity and S3 permissions
  3. Prefer a supported homogeneous DMS migration or native replication pattern with CDC where suitable
  4. Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool or appropriate supported schema conversion assessment, then AWS DMS for data

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Homogeneous migrations usually focus on data replication, compatibility details and cutover rather than engine-language rewrite. The required architecture outcome is: A source MySQL workload must migrate to Amazon RDS MySQL without an engine conversion project. Validate this choice by checking that Destination table state stays synchronized and the application passes a reversible cutover test.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Shared data and internal method calls prevent independent deployment and scale. The specific problem here is that complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration.

B:

Partners are forced to replace SFTP clients with AWS SDK calls without business approval. The specific problem here is that complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration.

D:

Replicating table data alone does not translate incompatible source SQL constructs. The specific problem here is that complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration.

Question 460

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Operations retains detached EBS volumes after instance termination and pays for unused storage for months. Requirement B: An S3 bucket is repeatedly made public and security wants prompt correction beyond simply generating findings. Choose TWO actions that directly address these separate problems.

  1. Pair an AWS Config detection rule with controlled Systems Manager Automation remediation and change safeguards
  2. Use Cost Optimization Hub for supported consolidated recommendations and track deduplicated savings
  3. Use compatible enhanced networking drivers and appropriately sized instance network bandwidth
  4. Inventory unattached EBS volumes and delete or archive approved volumes after snapshot and ownership checks
  5. Use Systems Manager Patch Manager with patch baselines and maintenance-window runbooks

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: An S3 bucket is repeatedly made public and security wants prompt correction beyond simply generating findings. Config rules can invoke automations for selected remediable configuration noncompliance. A direct acceptance check is: A deliberately noncompliant bucket triggers the configured corrective control and audit records.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Operations retains detached EBS volumes after instance termination and pays for unused storage for months. EBS storage billing continues for allocated volumes until they are deleted or otherwise changed. A direct acceptance check is: Approved orphaned volumes stop generating storage costs while protected volumes remain recoverable.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This action targets a different technical need: Finance collects optimizer suggestions from Compute Optimizer, Trusted Advisor and cost dashboards but counts the same recommendation more than once. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Consolidated savings recommendations should not be summed blindly across sources; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A high-throughput EC2 network service shows packet processing CPU saturation and must exploit modern instance network acceleration. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Enhanced networking capabilities require compatible instance types and operating-system drivers; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Hundreds of EC2 hosts need scheduled patch windows with evidence of patch compliance and approved maintenance boundaries. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Systems Manager supports fleet patching with centralized baselines and maintenance windows; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.