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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 47

Question 460

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Operations retains detached EBS volumes after instance termination and pays for unused storage for months. Requirement B: An S3 bucket is repeatedly made public and security wants prompt correction beyond simply generating findings. Choose TWO actions that directly address these separate problems.

  1. Pair an AWS Config detection rule with controlled Systems Manager Automation remediation and change safeguards
  2. Use Cost Optimization Hub for supported consolidated recommendations and track deduplicated savings
  3. Use compatible enhanced networking drivers and appropriately sized instance network bandwidth
  4. Inventory unattached EBS volumes and delete or archive approved volumes after snapshot and ownership checks
  5. Use Systems Manager Patch Manager with patch baselines and maintenance-window runbooks

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: An S3 bucket is repeatedly made public and security wants prompt correction beyond simply generating findings. Config rules can invoke automations for selected remediable configuration noncompliance. A direct acceptance check is: A deliberately noncompliant bucket triggers the configured corrective control and audit records.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Operations retains detached EBS volumes after instance termination and pays for unused storage for months. EBS storage billing continues for allocated volumes until they are deleted or otherwise changed. A direct acceptance check is: Approved orphaned volumes stop generating storage costs while protected volumes remain recoverable.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This action targets a different technical need: Finance collects optimizer suggestions from Compute Optimizer, Trusted Advisor and cost dashboards but counts the same recommendation more than once. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Consolidated savings recommendations should not be summed blindly across sources; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A high-throughput EC2 network service shows packet processing CPU saturation and must exploit modern instance network acceleration. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Enhanced networking capabilities require compatible instance types and operating-system drivers; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Hundreds of EC2 hosts need scheduled patch windows with evidence of patch compliance and approved maintenance boundaries. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Systems Manager supports fleet patching with centralized baselines and maintenance windows; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 461

An architecture review recommends this solution: Add supported RDS read replicas and route eventually consistent reporting reads away from the writer. The motivating situation is: A reporting dashboard overloads a relational database primary with read queries but still requires strongly controlled write ownership. Which statement explains why the recommendation solves the specific problem?

  1. RDS Multi-AZ provides standby capacity for automated intra-Region failover, not read scaling by itself
  2. DAX offers managed in-memory caching for eligible DynamoDB read workloads
  3. RDS read replicas scale read throughput but are asynchronous relative to the primary
  4. Kinesis stream performance depends on provisioned or on-demand capacity and balanced partition keys

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Add supported RDS read replicas and route eventually consistent reporting reads away from the writer. The expected supporting evidence is: Writer CPU usage decreases while lag-tolerant reporting requests use replica endpoints.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Single-AZ database storage and compute are a single zonal failure domain. The stated evidence instead indicates: Read-only analytical traffic saturates the production database's single writable instance.

B:

Every read request traverses the backing DynamoDB service despite highly reusable cacheable data. The stated evidence instead indicates: Read-only analytical traffic saturates the production database's single writable instance.

D:

Stream shard limits or skewed partition keys cannot handle incoming record throughput. The stated evidence instead indicates: Read-only analytical traffic saturates the production database's single writable instance.

Question 462

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A custom Oracle application uses database-specific stored procedures and must move to an open-source engine. Which action would resolve the problem without adding unrelated capabilities?

  1. Use AWS Transform discovery and assessment, or a supported inventory tool, to measure server characteristics and network dependency data
  2. Track AWS Transform migration wave and server states, and maintain centrally owned application milestones, blockers and cutover decisions
  3. Assess schema, procedural conversion complexity and application query compatibility using suitable database migration assessment tools
  4. Execute a staged container migration with parallel service validation and gradual load-balancer traffic shifting

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Heterogeneous migrations require schema and code compatibility assessment, not only row transfer. The required architecture outcome is: A custom Oracle application uses database-specific stored procedures and must move to an open-source engine. Validate this choice by checking that A conversion report identifies unsupported objects and a pilot executes critical queries correctly.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior. The specific problem here is that database engine migration was assumed to be a simple homogeneous replication job.

B:

Migration tasks are tracked in separate team documents with no common portfolio state. The specific problem here is that database engine migration was assumed to be a simple homogeneous replication job.

D:

Traffic was switched to the container environment before dependent services and probes were verified. The specific problem here is that database engine migration was assumed to be a simple homogeneous replication job.

Question 463

For the enterprise requirement "A legacy orchestration service uses long polling and manual rollback scripts for multistep fulfillment", the team implemented this change: Replace suitable stages with Step Functions orchestration and explicit retry, compensation and visibility states. Which test result proves this architecture satisfies its stated constraint?

  1. A forced downstream failure follows tested compensation logic without duplicating completed orders
  2. Source and destination data reconcile, CDC lag reaches the target and switching endpoints remains reversible
  3. Hot listing requests avoid origin recomputation while updates invalidate stale items within product SLAs
  4. Local clients retain supported file access while selected data is persisted to eligible AWS storage

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Managed workflow orchestration makes retries, errors and compensation explicit. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A legacy orchestration service uses long polling and manual rollback scripts for multistep fulfillment.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Source and destination data reconcile, CDC lag reaches the target and switching endpoints remains reversible. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a forced downstream failure follows tested compensation logic without duplicating completed orders.

C:

Hot listing requests avoid origin recomputation while updates invalidate stale items within product SLAs. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a forced downstream failure follows tested compensation logic without duplicating completed orders.

D:

Local clients retain supported file access while selected data is persisted to eligible AWS storage. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a forced downstream failure follows tested compensation logic without duplicating completed orders.

Question 464

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A business database needs a low-downtime migration from on-premises PostgreSQL to Amazon RDS PostgreSQL. Which proposed change addresses the stated constraint most directly?

  1. Migrate shared application files to Amazon EFS with appropriate mount targets and throughput configuration
  2. Use AWS Application Migration Service for compatible server replication, test launches and cutover orchestration
  3. Reserve an AWS Data Transfer Terminal session and bring compatible encrypted storage to upload through its high-bandwidth AWS connection
  4. Use AWS DMS full load plus change data capture with compatible schema and monitored replication task

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

AWS DMS can move data using full load and ongoing CDC for supported sources. The required architecture outcome is: A business database needs a low-downtime migration from on-premises PostgreSQL to Amazon RDS PostgreSQL. Validate this choice by checking that Destination rows converge with source changes and validated CDC lag allows the final switchover.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Local instance disks are wrongly used as a shared durable POSIX file system. The specific problem here is that one-time offline export cannot satisfy the narrow write-freeze window.

B:

Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover. The specific problem here is that one-time offline export cannot satisfy the narrow write-freeze window.

C:

The migration plan assumes a new AWS Snowball Edge device can still be ordered even though new-customer ordering is unavailable. The specific problem here is that one-time offline export cannot satisfy the narrow write-freeze window.

Question 465

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A multi-account organization must prevent member accounts from disabling mandatory CloudTrail trails even when local administrators hold broad IAM policies. Which underlying cause should be investigated first?

  1. Per-account one-off inspections do not continuously evaluate drift across accounts
  2. Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation
  3. Local identity permissions were incorrectly treated as overriding organizational guardrails
  4. A broad VPC peering link was used where a service-scoped private access path was needed

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Service control policies set permission ceilings for member account principals and cannot grant access themselves. The appropriate correction is: Apply a targeted Organizations service control policy denying prohibited CloudTrail disablement actions in affected OUs. The control should then be tested by verifying that An administrator's disable request is denied while an authorized central management path remains available.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Per-account one-off inspections do not continuously evaluate drift across accounts. The stated evidence instead indicates: Local identity permissions were incorrectly treated as overriding organizational guardrails.

B:

Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation. The stated evidence instead indicates: Local identity permissions were incorrectly treated as overriding organizational guardrails.

D:

A broad VPC peering link was used where a service-scoped private access path was needed. The stated evidence instead indicates: Local identity permissions were incorrectly treated as overriding organizational guardrails.

Question 466

For the enterprise requirement "Operations cannot trace a customer transaction once it crosses more than six loosely coupled services", the team implemented this change: Introduce consistent tracing and structured correlation with CloudWatch and an OpenTelemetry-compatible collector where appropriate. Which outcome is the most meaningful acceptance test?

  1. Invoice updates arrive at consumers within the required lag and replay does not duplicate side effects
  2. Each proposed migration wave includes dependencies required for a functional smoke test
  3. New capability traffic can be rolled back while untouched monolith endpoints remain functional
  4. An end-to-end test request shows linked spans and reveals downstream latency without leaking credentials

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Unified trace context and structured observability improve distributed troubleshooting. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Operations cannot trace a customer transaction once it crosses more than six loosely coupled services.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Invoice updates arrive at consumers within the required lag and replay does not duplicate side effects. However, this does not establish the required outcome: an end-to-end test request shows linked spans and reveals downstream latency without leaking credentials.

B:

Each proposed migration wave includes dependencies required for a functional smoke test. However, this does not establish the required outcome: an end-to-end test request shows linked spans and reveals downstream latency without leaking credentials.

C:

New capability traffic can be rolled back while untouched monolith endpoints remain functional. However, this does not establish the required outcome: an end-to-end test request shows linked spans and reveals downstream latency without leaking credentials.

Question 467

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: An estate of supported Linux and Windows VMs must rehost to EC2 with minimal application modification and short cutovers. Which underlying cause should be investigated first?

  1. Traffic was switched to the container environment before dependent services and probes were verified
  2. All consumers wait for a nightly export despite a near-real-time freshness requirement
  3. Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover
  4. Complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. AWS MGN supports continuous server replication and orchestrated rehosting validation. The appropriate correction is: Use AWS Application Migration Service for compatible server replication, test launches and cutover orchestration. The control should then be tested by verifying that Replicated servers boot in AWS test VPCs with verified application functionality before cutover.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Traffic was switched to the container environment before dependent services and probes were verified. The stated evidence instead indicates: Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover.

B:

All consumers wait for a nightly export despite a near-real-time freshness requirement. The stated evidence instead indicates: Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover.

D:

Complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration. The stated evidence instead indicates: Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover.

Question 468

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: Attackers continuously probe application URLs and security needs request-level evidence for rule tuning. What should the solutions architect recommend?

  1. Aggregate CloudTrail management events with appropriately protected central storage and searchable event records
  2. Enable AWS WAF logging to an appropriate destination with sensitive-data handling and analyze matched rules
  3. Use CloudWatch Database Insights to identify RDS database load by SQL statements and wait events before changing capacity
  4. Configure organization-wide GuardDuty administration with supported automatic enrollment and region strategy

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

WAF logs provide request and rule evaluation evidence for security tuning. The required architecture outcome is: Attackers continuously probe application URLs and security needs request-level evidence for rule tuning. Validate this choice by checking that Logs identify blocked and counted requests by rule so false positives can be evaluated.

Incorrect Answers

A:

CloudTrail management events are not retained or centrally available for review. The specific problem here is that wAF rules are deployed without visibility into which requests they affect.

C:

Engineers scale CPU without analyzing database lock waits or expensive SQL. The specific problem here is that wAF rules are deployed without visibility into which requests they affect.

D:

Threat detection remains inconsistently deployed across member accounts and Regions. The specific problem here is that wAF rules are deployed without visibility into which requests they affect.

Question 469

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A vendor assumes a role into an AWS account and must be restricted to one project's S3 prefix for that session only. What design flaw is the best match for the reported condition?

  1. Previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint
  2. Local identity permissions were incorrectly treated as overriding organizational guardrails
  3. An overly broad assumed-role session is not constrained to the vendor's assigned resources
  4. Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Session policies intersect with role permissions and can reduce privileges for one temporary session. The appropriate correction is: Require tightly scoped role trust and a scoped session policy or condition that limits the assumed-role credentials. The control should then be tested by verifying that The assumed session can read the approved prefix and is denied a separate confidential prefix.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint. The stated evidence instead indicates: An overly broad assumed-role session is not constrained to the vendor's assigned resources.

B:

Local identity permissions were incorrectly treated as overriding organizational guardrails. The stated evidence instead indicates: An overly broad assumed-role session is not constrained to the vendor's assigned resources.

D:

Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation. The stated evidence instead indicates: An overly broad assumed-role session is not constrained to the vendor's assigned resources.

Question 470

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A large S3 estate has unknown replication, storage-class, and lifecycle patterns that drive storage expense. Which action would resolve the problem without adding unrelated capabilities?

  1. Use S3 Storage Lens metrics to identify expensive bucket-level and organization-wide storage trends
  2. Use AWS Cost Optimization Hub with supported account enrollment and recommendation aggregation
  3. Use distinct AWS Organizations organizational units and apply targeted service control policies per OU
  4. Analyze commitments then purchase an appropriate Compute Savings Plan based on supported usage coverage

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

S3 Storage Lens supports visibility into storage activity and efficiency metrics. The required architecture outcome is: A large S3 estate has unknown replication, storage-class, and lifecycle patterns that drive storage expense. Validate this choice by checking that Dashboards identify targeted buckets with abnormal storage patterns and lifecycle candidates.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Savings recommendations exist in separate consoles and are double counted in spreadsheets. The specific problem here is that teams have only aggregate bills and cannot locate the source of inefficient storage usage.

C:

All accounts share one indiscriminate service-control policy despite different risk profiles. The specific problem here is that teams have only aggregate bills and cannot locate the source of inefficient storage usage.

D:

On-demand usage was left wholly uncommitted despite predictable baseline compute consumption. The specific problem here is that teams have only aggregate bills and cannot locate the source of inefficient storage usage.