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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 56

Question 550

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A DynamoDB application requires recovery from accidental writes to an earlier point within a month. Which proposed change addresses the stated constraint most directly?

  1. Configure readiness probes, deployment surge policy and graceful termination semantics
  2. Enable and test DynamoDB point-in-time recovery for the table and recovery runbook
  3. Integrate AWS Health organizational events with EventBridge alerts and owner routing
  4. Run controlled AWS Fault Injection Service scenarios with safety guardrails and predeclared stop conditions

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

DynamoDB PITR restores to a selected point within its available recovery window. The required architecture outcome is: A DynamoDB application requires recovery from accidental writes to an earlier point within a month. Validate this choice by checking that Restoring a suitable past timestamp creates a usable table with correct records.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Kubernetes deployment treats process startup as adequate evidence of request readiness. The specific problem here is that standard short-lived backups cannot recover the exact chosen accidental-update point.

C:

Service-specific Health notifications are not routed into incident processes. The specific problem here is that standard short-lived backups cannot recover the exact chosen accidental-update point.

D:

Availability claims rest only on architecture diagrams, not controlled chaos evidence. The specific problem here is that standard short-lived backups cannot recover the exact chosen accidental-update point.

Question 551

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A company must perform recurring secure file synchronization from on-premises NAS into Amazon S3 with minimal custom scripting. Requirement B: A legacy database must meet high transactional availability and can accept conversion to an Aurora-compatible engine. Which TWO responses resolve the stated issues without substituting unrelated mechanisms?

  1. Evaluate Amazon MQ with an appropriate compatible engine and migrate broker connections in stages
  2. Use staged schema compatibility, full-load plus CDC migration and controlled dual-environment cutover tests
  3. Modernize to an appropriately configured Amazon Aurora cluster with multi-AZ storage and tested failover
  4. Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool or appropriate supported schema conversion assessment, then AWS DMS for data
  5. Use AWS DataSync agents and tasks with scheduling and integrity validation

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A legacy database must meet high transactional availability and can accept conversion to an Aurora-compatible engine. Aurora offers managed high availability features for supported relational engines. A direct acceptance check is: A controlled writer failure maintains recoverable transactional access after cluster endpoint reconnection.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A company must perform recurring secure file synchronization from on-premises NAS into Amazon S3 with minimal custom scripting. AWS DataSync automates supported file and object movement with verification features. A direct acceptance check is: Eligible file changes are transferred and verified by a scheduled DataSync task.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A message-processing application still uses an on-premises ActiveMQ-compatible broker and cannot immediately rewrite producers. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Amazon MQ can support compatible managed message brokers when protocol continuity matters; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A business must migrate production database tables while serving users until the final narrow cutover. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Online database migration requires ongoing change capture and carefully managed cutover semantics; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A SQL Server estate must migrate to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL despite vendor-specific T-SQL constructs. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Heterogeneous database migrations require explicit schema and application compatibility work; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 552

For the enterprise requirement "A Kinesis data stream has increasing write throttling because producers exceed the capacity of its current shard configuration", the team implemented this change: Adjust stream capacity mode or shard count and confirm partition key distribution. Which outcome is the most meaningful acceptance test?

  1. Records are ingested within supported throughput limits without hot-shard throttling under replayed load
  2. Terminating all instances in one zone leaves healthy targets and Auto Scaling replaces lost capacity
  3. p95 latency and unit costs improve in a representative arm64 canary with all native libraries working
  4. The repeated key lookup hits DAX with lower latency while noncacheable paths use the underlying table

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Kinesis stream performance depends on provisioned or on-demand capacity and balanced partition keys. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A Kinesis data stream has increasing write throttling because producers exceed the capacity of its current shard configuration.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Terminating all instances in one zone leaves healthy targets and Auto Scaling replaces lost capacity. However, this does not establish the required outcome: records are ingested within supported throughput limits without hot-shard throttling under replayed load.

C:

P95 latency and unit costs improve in a representative arm64 canary with all native libraries working. However, this does not establish the required outcome: records are ingested within supported throughput limits without hot-shard throttling under replayed load.

D:

The repeated key lookup hits DAX with lower latency while noncacheable paths use the underlying table. However, this does not establish the required outcome: records are ingested within supported throughput limits without hot-shard throttling under replayed load.

Question 553

An architecture review recommends this solution: Run controlled AWS Fault Injection Service scenarios with safety guardrails and predeclared stop conditions. The motivating situation is: A multi-AZ production stack has never been tested with a failed Availability Zone during working hours. Which consideration makes this solution preferable to the original approach?

  1. Savings Plan decisions require evidence about coverage and utilization of eligible compute
  2. Fault injection validates real system behavior within approved experiment boundaries
  3. SNS subscriber reliability relies on delivery retries and appropriately configured dead-letter destinations
  4. DynamoDB PITR restores to a selected point within its available recovery window

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Run controlled AWS Fault Injection Service scenarios with safety guardrails and predeclared stop conditions. The expected supporting evidence is: The stack tolerates the injected zonal fault and stop alarms terminate experiments as planned.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Capacity commitments are purchased solely from forecast without checking historical eligible use. The stated evidence instead indicates: Availability claims rest only on architecture diagrams, not controlled chaos evidence.

C:

Failed notifications disappear because no supported retry and DLQ design is in place. The stated evidence instead indicates: Availability claims rest only on architecture diagrams, not controlled chaos evidence.

D:

Standard short-lived backups cannot recover the exact chosen accidental-update point. The stated evidence instead indicates: Availability claims rest only on architecture diagrams, not controlled chaos evidence.

Question 554

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: An SNS topic invokes an asynchronous HTTP subscriber with intermittent failures and business needs controlled redelivery. What should the solutions architect recommend?

  1. Move the suitable multi-step orchestration into Step Functions with named states, bounded retries and error paths
  2. Configure readiness probes, deployment surge policy and graceful termination semantics
  3. Configure the supported subscription delivery policy, retries and dead-letter queue where applicable
  4. Introduce a blue-green deployment strategy with health alarms and traffic rollback

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

SNS subscriber reliability relies on delivery retries and appropriately configured dead-letter destinations. The required architecture outcome is: An SNS topic invokes an asynchronous HTTP subscriber with intermittent failures and business needs controlled redelivery. Validate this choice by checking that Failed deliveries retry under the configured policy and exhausted messages reach the DLQ.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Untracked imperative orchestration repeats previous side effects after transient failures. The specific problem here is that failed notifications disappear because no supported retry and DLQ design is in place.

B:

Kubernetes deployment treats process startup as adequate evidence of request readiness. The specific problem here is that failed notifications disappear because no supported retry and DLQ design is in place.

D:

In-place mass deployment removed rollback capacity before verifying the new version. The specific problem here is that failed notifications disappear because no supported retry and DLQ design is in place.

Question 555

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A build system hosted outside AWS needs temporary access to deploy CloudFormation without storing long-lived access keys. What is the most appropriate design for this workload?

  1. Configure CloudFront Origin Access Control with an origin bucket policy restricted to the distribution
  2. Enable GuardDuty organization-wide with designated administrator and configured regional coverage
  3. Define AWS Step Functions state-machine Retry and Catch behavior with idempotent service tasks
  4. Configure IAM role federation with OIDC trust subject restrictions for the external build identity

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

OIDC role federation supports temporary credentials and scoped trust for external workloads. The required architecture outcome is: A build system hosted outside AWS needs temporary access to deploy CloudFormation without storing long-lived access keys. Validate this choice by checking that The approved CI workload receives short-lived role credentials and an unapproved repository identity fails assumption.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A public bucket policy exposes origin objects outside the intended CloudFront access path. The specific problem here is that static IAM user access keys were embedded in the external CI configuration.

B:

Raw CloudTrail logs were collected but no managed threat-detection findings were enabled. The specific problem here is that static IAM user access keys were embedded in the external CI configuration.

C:

Imperative glue retries all upstream steps and creates duplicate side effects. The specific problem here is that static IAM user access keys were embedded in the external CI configuration.

Question 556

An architecture review recommends this solution: Classify sensitive datasets and map AWS Regions, key ownership and access controls before selecting migration waves. The motivating situation is: A personal-health-record system has strict regional data residency and encryption obligations before any cloud transfer. Which principle would a reviewer use to defend this design?

  1. Dependency mapping reduces migration risk by revealing the actual application interaction graph
  2. Regulatory and data-classification constraints affect target location and migration scope
  3. License entitlements must be assessed before migration architecture and instance selection
  4. AWS MGN supports continuous server replication and orchestrated rehosting validation

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Classify sensitive datasets and map AWS Regions, key ownership and access controls before selecting migration waves. The expected supporting evidence is: An approved target design demonstrates residency and encryption enforcement before copying production records.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Application lists omit runtime call dependencies and produce broken split-wave migrations. The stated evidence instead indicates: Migration scheduling ignored data classification and jurisdictional control requirements.

C:

Licensing constraints were omitted until after destination EC2 instances were chosen. The stated evidence instead indicates: Migration scheduling ignored data classification and jurisdictional control requirements.

D:

Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover. The stated evidence instead indicates: Migration scheduling ignored data classification and jurisdictional control requirements.

Question 557

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A shared API must protect downstream capacity during a request spike without losing monitoring of throttled clients. Which proposed change addresses the stated constraint most directly?

  1. Evaluate a serverless API Gateway and Lambda architecture with cold-start and concurrency testing
  2. Define AWS Step Functions state-machine Retry and Catch behavior with idempotent service tasks
  3. Define API Gateway throttling limits and usage or monitoring controls that match allowed request rates
  4. Configure Route 53 failover routing with suitable health checks and a tested secondary target

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

API Gateway throttle controls bound request rates but callers should handle 429 responses. The required architecture outcome is: A shared API must protect downstream capacity during a request spike without losing monitoring of throttled clients. Validate this choice by checking that Excess requests return expected throttling responses while permitted traffic continues under peak simulation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Fixed EC2 capacity is provisioned 24/7 despite infrequent invocation. The specific problem here is that unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured.

B:

Imperative glue retries all upstream steps and creates duplicate side effects. The specific problem here is that unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured.

D:

DNS simple routing cannot automatically reflect the application's health. The specific problem here is that unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured.

Question 558

An architecture review recommends this solution: Aggregate CloudTrail management events with appropriately protected central storage and searchable event records. The motivating situation is: An incident reviewer needs a timeline of a suspicious IAM policy change made across member accounts. Which statement explains why the recommendation solves the specific problem?

  1. CloudTrail API event evidence supports investigation of changes to account control-plane resources
  2. WAF logs provide request and rule evaluation evidence for security tuning
  3. Central GuardDuty administration supports ongoing multi-account detection enrollment
  4. Blue-green promotion protects a known-good environment until replacement quality is established

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Aggregate CloudTrail management events with appropriately protected central storage and searchable event records. The expected supporting evidence is: The actor, source and changed policy action appear in audit events from the affected account.

Incorrect Answers

B:

WAF rules are deployed without visibility into which requests they affect. The stated evidence instead indicates: CloudTrail management events are not retained or centrally available for review.

C:

Threat detection remains inconsistently deployed across member accounts and Regions. The stated evidence instead indicates: CloudTrail management events are not retained or centrally available for review.

D:

In-place mass deployment removed rollback capacity before verifying the new version. The stated evidence instead indicates: CloudTrail management events are not retained or centrally available for review.

Question 559

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A producer account encrypts S3 objects under its KMS key and a distinct consumer role must decrypt those objects cross-account. Requirement B: Financial backups must survive destruction of the primary application account by a compromised administrator. Select TWO independent changes that meet the named requirements.

  1. Consider DynamoDB global tables with application-safe conflict semantics and tested replication behavior
  2. Configure an organization trail delivered to a protected central S3 bucket with appropriate key and bucket controls
  3. Configure a Config aggregator with organization or account sources and appropriate delegated read access
  4. Use AWS Backup cross-account copies into a protected backup account with isolated restore permissions
  5. Update the key policy and consumer IAM permissions for the cross-account principal, alongside S3 access authorization

Explanation

Correct Answers

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: Financial backups must survive destruction of the primary application account by a compromised administrator. Cross-account backup isolation reduces the effect of compromise of an application account. A direct acceptance check is: Backups remain recoverable from the dedicated account even when the application account is disabled.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A producer account encrypts S3 objects under its KMS key and a distinct consumer role must decrypt those objects cross-account. Cross-account KMS use requires authorization from the key-owning account and the requesting principal. A direct acceptance check is: The consumer role reads approved encrypted objects but cannot decrypt other protected datasets.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: Globally dispersed users require low-latency local writes to the same DynamoDB dataset with multi-Region availability. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Global tables provide multi-Region replication with eventual cross-Region convergence semantics; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: Compliance requires protected organization-wide API activity logs to flow into a centralized security account with controlled deletion. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS Organizations trails centralize multi-account CloudTrail logging when storage access is secured; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Governance wants one AWS Config compliance view from many accounts and Regions. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS Config aggregators consolidate configuration and compliance data without changing source resources; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 560

For the enterprise requirement "Operations retains detached EBS volumes after instance termination and pays for unused storage for months", the team implemented this change: Inventory unattached EBS volumes and delete or archive approved volumes after snapshot and ownership checks. Which observation should be required before the change is approved?

  1. Cross-account access findings identify external principals and clear only when permissions are corrected
  2. Approved orphaned volumes stop generating storage costs while protected volumes remain recoverable
  3. Tested gp3 configuration meets IO SLOs at lower monthly storage and provisioned-performance cost
  4. Identified buckets show smaller unnecessary version and multipart storage after retention-safe cleanup

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. EBS storage billing continues for allocated volumes until they are deleted or otherwise changed. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Operations retains detached EBS volumes after instance termination and pays for unused storage for months.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Cross-account access findings identify external principals and clear only when permissions are corrected. However, this does not establish the required outcome: approved orphaned volumes stop generating storage costs while protected volumes remain recoverable.

C:

Tested gp3 configuration meets IO SLOs at lower monthly storage and provisioned-performance cost. However, this does not establish the required outcome: approved orphaned volumes stop generating storage costs while protected volumes remain recoverable.

D:

Identified buckets show smaller unnecessary version and multipart storage after retention-safe cleanup. However, this does not establish the required outcome: approved orphaned volumes stop generating storage costs while protected volumes remain recoverable.