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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 83

Question 820

For the enterprise requirement "Several accounts have steady EC2 and Fargate spend and need a commitment that applies to qualifying compute usage flexibly", the team implemented this change: Analyze commitments then purchase an appropriate Compute Savings Plan based on supported usage coverage. What observed result would demonstrate successful delivery of the requested capability?

  1. Consumer instances reach only the approved PrivateLink service while unrelated provider subnets remain unreachable
  2. Dashboards identify targeted buckets with abnormal storage patterns and lifecycle candidates
  3. Tested resized instances meet p95 latency goals while recommended savings are observed
  4. Eligible compute charges reflect the planned commitment discount and remaining coverage is visible

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Compute Savings Plans apply eligible usage discounts across supported services and configurations. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Several accounts have steady EC2 and Fargate spend and need a commitment that applies to qualifying compute usage flexibly.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Consumer instances reach only the approved PrivateLink service while unrelated provider subnets remain unreachable. However, this does not establish the required outcome: eligible compute charges reflect the planned commitment discount and remaining coverage is visible.

B:

Dashboards identify targeted buckets with abnormal storage patterns and lifecycle candidates. However, this does not establish the required outcome: eligible compute charges reflect the planned commitment discount and remaining coverage is visible.

C:

Tested resized instances meet p95 latency goals while recommended savings are observed. However, this does not establish the required outcome: eligible compute charges reflect the planned commitment discount and remaining coverage is visible.

Question 821

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: An ecommerce backend repeatedly recomputes expensive reads for product listings that change infrequently. Which proposed change addresses the stated constraint most directly?

  1. Replace suitable stages with Step Functions orchestration and explicit retry, compensation and visibility states
  2. Introduce change data capture and an event stream or bus with replay and idempotent consumers
  3. Introduce caching with explicit expiry and invalidation policies using CloudFront or ElastiCache as appropriate
  4. Assess license portability, dedicated-host requirements and AWS License Manager before choosing targets

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Correct cache placement and invalidation reduce repeated work without violating freshness needs. The required architecture outcome is: An ecommerce backend repeatedly recomputes expensive reads for product listings that change infrequently. Validate this choice by checking that Hot listing requests avoid origin recomputation while updates invalidate stale items within product SLAs.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Workflow state and failure recovery are hidden in fragile custom imperative scripts. The specific problem here is that repeated uncached database work dominates response latency and compute expense.

B:

All consumers wait for a nightly export despite a near-real-time freshness requirement. The specific problem here is that repeated uncached database work dominates response latency and compute expense.

D:

Licensing constraints were omitted until after destination EC2 instances were chosen. The specific problem here is that repeated uncached database work dominates response latency and compute expense.

Question 822

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Cloud infrastructure is built manually for each test environment and nobody knows which resources can be reproduced. Requirement B: A custom Oracle application uses database-specific stored procedures and must move to an open-source engine. Which TWO recommendations jointly satisfy requirements A and B?

  1. Apply the strangler pattern, routing one well-defined capability at a time to a tested new service
  2. Assess schema, procedural conversion complexity and application query compatibility using suitable database migration assessment tools
  3. Use AWS Transform discovery and assessment, or a supported inventory tool, to measure server characteristics and network dependency data
  4. Execute a staged container migration with parallel service validation and gradual load-balancer traffic shifting
  5. Capture resources in versioned CloudFormation or CDK definitions and deploy through reviewed pipelines

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A custom Oracle application uses database-specific stored procedures and must move to an open-source engine. Heterogeneous migrations require schema and code compatibility assessment, not only row transfer. A direct acceptance check is: A conversion report identifies unsupported objects and a pilot executes critical queries correctly.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Cloud infrastructure is built manually for each test environment and nobody knows which resources can be reproduced. Infrastructure as code supports repeatability, reviews and automated lifecycle controls. A direct acceptance check is: A fresh environment can be recreated from code with predictable parameters and drift checks.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A legacy monolith must be separated into business capabilities gradually without taking a risky one-time rewrite. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Incremental strangler migration reduces cutover risk through bounded feature replacement; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A legacy data center lacks a trustworthy inventory of server CPU, memory, installed processes and network connections. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Application discovery captures real workload characteristics needed for migration planning; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A legacy service needs to move into an EKS platform with no interruption to dependent clients. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Container modernization requires tested runtime behavior and reversible client routing; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 823

An architecture review recommends this solution: Enable IAM Access Analyzer for the relevant zone of trust and evaluate the external-access finding. The motivating situation is: A bucket policy accidentally grants an external AWS account access and the owner needs a provable cross-account finding. Which principle would a reviewer use to defend this design?

  1. IAM Access Analyzer analyzes resource-based policies for external access outside the chosen trust zone
  2. AWS Organizations trails centralize multi-account CloudTrail logging when storage access is secured
  3. Security Hub delegated administration centralizes findings while each source account retains its own resources
  4. Transit Gateway peering requires explicit routing between the regional gateways

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Enable IAM Access Analyzer for the relevant zone of trust and evaluate the external-access finding. The expected supporting evidence is: The analyzer identifies the unexpected external principal and the finding clears after policy correction.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Disjoint local-account trails leave central auditors with incomplete visibility. The stated evidence instead indicates: Resource policies were never checked for access beyond the organization's trust boundary.

C:

Individual Security Hub instances were not centrally delegated or aggregated. The stated evidence instead indicates: Resource policies were never checked for access beyond the organization's trust boundary.

D:

The architecture assumes that Transit Gateway peering automatically propagates interregional routes. The stated evidence instead indicates: Resource policies were never checked for access beyond the organization's trust boundary.

Question 824

An architecture review recommends this solution: Configure provisioned concurrency for selected published function aliases with suitable demand planning. The motivating situation is: A customer-facing Lambda API has unacceptable first-request latency after inactive periods despite low average invocation cost. Which architectural reasoning is most accurate for the choice?

  1. Lambda provisioned concurrency keeps selected execution environments initialized to reduce startup latency
  2. ECS placement depends on available per-host resources and declared capacity-provider strategy
  3. Readiness and graceful termination controls reduce errors during normal rolling changes
  4. Database performance diagnostics should identify the specific bottleneck before scaling

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Configure provisioned concurrency for selected published function aliases with suitable demand planning. The expected supporting evidence is: Cold-start spikes fall for provisioned requests and concurrency utilization stays within budget.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Cluster compute totals are misleading because the needed task resources are not schedulable. The stated evidence instead indicates: On-demand initialization latency is not addressed for the critical invocation path.

C:

Kubernetes deployment treats process startup as adequate evidence of request readiness. The stated evidence instead indicates: On-demand initialization latency is not addressed for the critical invocation path.

D:

Engineers scale CPU without analyzing database lock waits or expensive SQL. The stated evidence instead indicates: On-demand initialization latency is not addressed for the critical invocation path.

Question 825

An architecture review recommends this solution: Enable EventBridge event-bus archive and replay for eligible matching events. The motivating situation is: A service needs to replay historical event notifications after a downstream subscriber defect is corrected. Which architectural reasoning is most accurate for the choice?

  1. Organization-level Config rules continuously evaluate configuration and can launch controlled remediations
  2. Aurora Global Database supports low-latency crossregional replication with explicit recovery operations
  3. EventBridge archives support bounded replay of previously captured events
  4. Route 53 health-check failover can redirect future DNS resolutions between operational regional endpoints

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Enable EventBridge event-bus archive and replay for eligible matching events. The expected supporting evidence is: The selected time window can be replayed to the target bus without inventing events that were never archived.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Per-account one-off inspections do not continuously evaluate drift across accounts. The stated evidence instead indicates: No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage.

B:

A single-Region Aurora cluster lacks a suitable crossregional disaster recovery target. The stated evidence instead indicates: No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage.

D:

The backup Region exists but DNS routing never changes after primary endpoint failure. The stated evidence instead indicates: No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage.

Question 826

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A distributed transaction takes too long but the application log contains no per-hop timing breakdown. Requirement B: An incident reviewer needs a timeline of a suspicious IAM policy change made across member accounts. Choose TWO remedies that meet A and B respectively.

  1. Aggregate CloudTrail management events with appropriately protected central storage and searchable event records
  2. Analyze Cost Explorer coverage and utilization before adjusting a suitable commitment
  3. Add AWS Config evaluation for the risky security-group condition with controlled notification and remediation
  4. Move the suitable multi-step orchestration into Step Functions with named states, bounded retries and error paths
  5. Instrument eligible application components with AWS X-Ray tracing or supported distributed tracing correlation

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: An incident reviewer needs a timeline of a suspicious IAM policy change made across member accounts. CloudTrail API event evidence supports investigation of changes to account control-plane resources. A direct acceptance check is: The actor, source and changed policy action appear in audit events from the affected account.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A distributed transaction takes too long but the application log contains no per-hop timing breakdown. Distributed tracing provides span-level request-path visibility across instrumented services. A direct acceptance check is: A test transaction shows the slow downstream dependency and request trace span timing.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This action targets a different technical need: Enterprise billing shows a stable EC2 spend baseline but Savings Plans are not aligned with actual account usage. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Savings Plan decisions require evidence about coverage and utilization of eligible compute; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: An engineer repeatedly leaves management ports publicly accessible despite a configuration guardrail document. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS Config checks configuration changes against evaluable rules and supports managed remediation actions; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

State machines improve auditability when state transitions and idempotency are designed. The two requirements instead call for these controls: (A) Instrument eligible application components with AWS X-Ray tracing or supported distributed tracing correlation; (B) Aggregate CloudTrail management events with appropriately protected central storage and searchable event records.

Question 827

For the enterprise requirement "A scientific dataset spans petabytes over an unreliable 100-Mbps WAN and must arrive before a fixed laboratory deadline", the team implemented this change: Estimate transfer duration and select online versus physical transfer based on throughput, change rate and cutoff window. Which outcome is the most meaningful acceptance test?

  1. Owners can trace migration milestones and blockers for each workload without conflicting local spreadsheets
  2. An approved target design demonstrates residency and encryption enforcement before copying production records
  3. A tested transfer plan shows enough effective throughput plus integrity checks for the deadline
  4. Existing clients publish and consume messages with acceptable protocol compatibility after controlled cutover

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Migration transfer methods must fit volume, available bandwidth and allowed downtime. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A scientific dataset spans petabytes over an unreliable 100-Mbps WAN and must arrive before a fixed laboratory deadline.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Owners can trace migration milestones and blockers for each workload without conflicting local spreadsheets. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a tested transfer plan shows enough effective throughput plus integrity checks for the deadline.

B:

An approved target design demonstrates residency and encryption enforcement before copying production records. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a tested transfer plan shows enough effective throughput plus integrity checks for the deadline.

D:

Existing clients publish and consume messages with acceptable protocol compatibility after controlled cutover. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a tested transfer plan shows enough effective throughput plus integrity checks for the deadline.

Question 828

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A corporation has hundreds of interdependent on-premises services and cannot establish which databases must move together. What original architectural gap most directly explains the failure?

  1. A direct S3 SDK rewrite was imposed on workloads that cannot change their file interface
  2. Application lists omit runtime call dependencies and produce broken split-wave migrations
  3. Source virtualization format was mistaken for a guarantee of target runtime compatibility
  4. Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Dependency mapping reduces migration risk by revealing the actual application interaction graph. The appropriate correction is: Perform application dependency discovery and group connected workloads into migration waves. The control should then be tested by verifying that Each proposed migration wave includes dependencies required for a functional smoke test.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A direct S3 SDK rewrite was imposed on workloads that cannot change their file interface. The stated evidence instead indicates: Application lists omit runtime call dependencies and produce broken split-wave migrations.

C:

Source virtualization format was mistaken for a guarantee of target runtime compatibility. The stated evidence instead indicates: Application lists omit runtime call dependencies and produce broken split-wave migrations.

D:

Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior. The stated evidence instead indicates: Application lists omit runtime call dependencies and produce broken split-wave migrations.

Question 829

An architecture review recommends this solution: Scale ECS services or EC2 Auto Scaling from queue depth and processing time metrics. The motivating situation is: A queue-backed worker fleet is underloaded overnight but still runs a fixed large number of instances. Why does this approach fit the stated design constraints?

  1. Gateway endpoints can avoid NAT traversal for eligible S3 and DynamoDB traffic
  2. Step Functions supports explicit state-level retry and error handling but side effects still require idempotency
  3. Spot Instances optimize interruptible capacity costs when jobs tolerate reclaim events
  4. Queue-driven scaling aligns paid worker capacity with outstanding workload

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Scale ECS services or EC2 Auto Scaling from queue depth and processing time metrics. The expected supporting evidence is: Worker count falls during light load and rises when queue age approaches the delivery deadline.

Incorrect Answers

A:

S3 calls egress through NAT because no supported endpoint route was configured. The stated evidence instead indicates: Static worker capacity ignores observable demand while processing latency varies.

B:

Imperative glue retries all upstream steps and creates duplicate side effects. The stated evidence instead indicates: Static worker capacity ignores observable demand while processing latency varies.

C:

The workload uses only on-demand capacity despite safe restart or checkpoint semantics. The stated evidence instead indicates: Static worker capacity ignores observable demand while processing latency varies.

Question 830

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A startup expects to grow from five accounts to 100 and needs baseline account vending and preventive guardrails. Requirement B: Finance needs engineering costs apportioned by team using tags rather than guessed from account totals. Which TWO architecture changes cover both acceptance criteria?

  1. Share the eligible Transit Gateway using AWS Resource Access Manager and explicit attachment routing permissions
  2. Deploy an AWS Control Tower landing zone and Account Factory-based governance with planned organizational units
  3. Introduce a centrally managed translation or proxy layer with nonoverlapping service endpoints rather than directly peering overlapping networks
  4. Analyze commitments then purchase an appropriate Compute Savings Plan based on supported usage coverage
  5. Activate standardized cost allocation tags and enforce tagging through governance processes

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A startup expects to grow from five accounts to 100 and needs baseline account vending and preventive guardrails. AWS Control Tower provides managed landing-zone governance and standardized account provisioning. A direct acceptance check is: New vended accounts inherit required landing-zone logging, identity and governance baselines.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: Finance needs engineering costs apportioned by team using tags rather than guessed from account totals. Cost allocation tags must be activated before they appear in billing cost analytics. A direct acceptance check is: Cost and Usage Reports or Cost Explorer show tagged team spend after activation and reporting delay.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A central networking account must share an existing Transit Gateway with application accounts without duplicating it. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS RAM can share supported resources while ownership remains in a central account; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Two acquired subsidiaries have overlapping RFC1918 VPC CIDRs but must exchange traffic with a shared integration endpoint. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Overlapping address spaces require translation or service-level isolation rather than simple routed peering; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: Several accounts have steady EC2 and Fargate spend and need a commitment that applies to qualifying compute usage flexibly. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Compute Savings Plans apply eligible usage discounts across supported services and configurations; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.