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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 86

Question 850

For the enterprise requirement "A shared API must protect downstream capacity during a request spike without losing monitoring of throttled clients", the team implemented this change: Define API Gateway throttling limits and usage or monitoring controls that match allowed request rates. Which observation should be required before the change is approved?

  1. Terminating all instances in one zone leaves healthy targets and Auto Scaling replaces lost capacity
  2. New DNS lookups return the secondary endpoint after a primary health check changes to unhealthy
  3. Hot session lookups avoid repeated database queries and failure recovery preserves acceptable service behavior
  4. Excess requests return expected throttling responses while permitted traffic continues under peak simulation

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. API Gateway throttle controls bound request rates but callers should handle 429 responses. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A shared API must protect downstream capacity during a request spike without losing monitoring of throttled clients.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Terminating all instances in one zone leaves healthy targets and Auto Scaling replaces lost capacity. However, this does not establish the required outcome: excess requests return expected throttling responses while permitted traffic continues under peak simulation.

B:

New DNS lookups return the secondary endpoint after a primary health check changes to unhealthy. However, this does not establish the required outcome: excess requests return expected throttling responses while permitted traffic continues under peak simulation.

C:

Hot session lookups avoid repeated database queries and failure recovery preserves acceptable service behavior. However, this does not establish the required outcome: excess requests return expected throttling responses while permitted traffic continues under peak simulation.

Question 851

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A distributed transaction takes too long but the application log contains no per-hop timing breakdown. What was most likely overlooked in the original design?

  1. Metrics and logs are not organized into actionable per-service operational signals
  2. Uncorrelated logs hide where the end-to-end latency accumulates
  3. Service-specific Health notifications are not routed into incident processes
  4. Health checks use an unrelated always-200 endpoint that does not reflect the service readiness

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Distributed tracing provides span-level request-path visibility across instrumented services. The appropriate correction is: Instrument eligible application components with AWS X-Ray tracing or supported distributed tracing correlation. The control should then be tested by verifying that A test transaction shows the slow downstream dependency and request trace span timing.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Metrics and logs are not organized into actionable per-service operational signals. The stated evidence instead indicates: Uncorrelated logs hide where the end-to-end latency accumulates.

C:

Service-specific Health notifications are not routed into incident processes. The stated evidence instead indicates: Uncorrelated logs hide where the end-to-end latency accumulates.

D:

Health checks use an unrelated always-200 endpoint that does not reflect the service readiness. The stated evidence instead indicates: Uncorrelated logs hide where the end-to-end latency accumulates.

Question 852

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: Security analysts need one cross-account aggregation view of prioritized findings without requesting console access in every workload account. What design change should the team implement?

  1. Publish permitted events across account boundaries to a central EventBridge event bus with explicit resource policy
  2. Update the key policy and consumer IAM permissions for the cross-account principal, alongside S3 access authorization
  3. Use AWS Private CA to issue private certificates with a managed trust chain and documented renewal
  4. Configure Security Hub delegated administrator and member account aggregation or finding aggregation as supported

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Security Hub delegated administration centralizes findings while each source account retains its own resources. The required architecture outcome is: Security analysts need one cross-account aggregation view of prioritized findings without requesting console access in every workload account. Validate this choice by checking that The delegated account receives findings from participating member accounts and permitted Regions.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Events remain confined to local account buses because cross-account bus authorization is absent. The specific problem here is that individual Security Hub instances were not centrally delegated or aggregated.

B:

The remote principal has S3 object access but lacks required key-policy and IAM decrypt permission. The specific problem here is that individual Security Hub instances were not centrally delegated or aggregated.

C:

Public ACM-issued certificates were wrongly assumed to provide a corporate private CA chain. The specific problem here is that individual Security Hub instances were not centrally delegated or aggregated.

Question 853

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: Payment message consumers can fail repeatedly on one malformed message and must isolate it without blocking all valid messages. What explains why the stated requirement was not met?

  1. Single-AZ database storage and compute are a single zonal failure domain
  2. Repeated retries of one failed message prevent useful error isolation and redrive workflow
  3. Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers
  4. Read-only analytical traffic saturates the production database's single writable instance

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. SQS dead-letter queues preserve failed messages for separate inspection and remediation. The appropriate correction is: Configure SQS redrive policy with an appropriate dead-letter queue and maxReceiveCount. The control should then be tested by verifying that A poison message goes to the DLQ after configured attempts while valid following messages proceed.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Single-AZ database storage and compute are a single zonal failure domain. The stated evidence instead indicates: Repeated retries of one failed message prevent useful error isolation and redrive workflow.

C:

Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers. The stated evidence instead indicates: Repeated retries of one failed message prevent useful error isolation and redrive workflow.

D:

Read-only analytical traffic saturates the production database's single writable instance. The stated evidence instead indicates: Repeated retries of one failed message prevent useful error isolation and redrive workflow.

Question 854

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A company uses Direct Connect for normal hybrid traffic but needs encrypted emergency connectivity if carrier circuits fail. What design flaw is the best match for the reported condition?

  1. There is no independently functioning VPN path when private connectivity goes down
  2. Events remain confined to local account buses because cross-account bus authorization is absent
  3. Separate point-to-point VPC peering connections lack transitive routing and are difficult to govern at scale
  4. The inspection design allows forward and return packets to use different stateful inspection appliances

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. A tested secondary encrypted tunnel path can carry critical traffic while primary private connectivity is unavailable. The appropriate correction is: Configure redundant site-to-site VPN tunnels as the tested backup to the Direct Connect path. The control should then be tested by verifying that A simulated Direct Connect failure moves approved routes to VPN tunnels and restore reverses route preference.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Events remain confined to local account buses because cross-account bus authorization is absent. The stated evidence instead indicates: There is no independently functioning VPN path when private connectivity goes down.

C:

Separate point-to-point VPC peering connections lack transitive routing and are difficult to govern at scale. The stated evidence instead indicates: There is no independently functioning VPN path when private connectivity goes down.

D:

The inspection design allows forward and return packets to use different stateful inspection appliances. The stated evidence instead indicates: There is no independently functioning VPN path when private connectivity goes down.

Question 855

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A service needs to replay historical event notifications after a downstream subscriber defect is corrected. What design flaw is the best match for the reported condition?

  1. No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage
  2. A single-Region Aurora cluster lacks a suitable crossregional disaster recovery target
  3. A broad VPC peering link was used where a service-scoped private access path was needed
  4. Backup images exist but no continuously replicated recovery environment or launch plan is configured

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. EventBridge archives support bounded replay of previously captured events. The appropriate correction is: Enable EventBridge event-bus archive and replay for eligible matching events. The control should then be tested by verifying that The selected time window can be replayed to the target bus without inventing events that were never archived.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A single-Region Aurora cluster lacks a suitable crossregional disaster recovery target. The stated evidence instead indicates: No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage.

C:

A broad VPC peering link was used where a service-scoped private access path was needed. The stated evidence instead indicates: No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage.

D:

Backup images exist but no continuously replicated recovery environment or launch plan is configured. The stated evidence instead indicates: No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage.

Question 856

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Order processing must survive transient database outages without permanently losing accepted incoming work. Requirement B: A central audit account needs immutable delivery of logs from all workload accounts and Regions. Which TWO recommendations jointly satisfy requirements A and B?

  1. Use AWS Backup cross-account copies into a protected backup account with isolated restore permissions
  2. Use Compute Optimizer and validate monitoring data before right-sizing eligible instances
  3. Use organization-wide CloudTrail and central log storage with restrictive bucket access and retention controls
  4. Place an SQS queue between submission and processing, with appropriately scaled consumers and DLQ policy
  5. Configure a Config aggregator with organization or account sources and appropriate delegated read access

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A central audit account needs immutable delivery of logs from all workload accounts and Regions. An organization trail and protected storage form a centralized account-wide auditing design. A direct acceptance check is: A new workload account's API activity appears in the central log bucket and member administrators cannot erase it.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Order processing must survive transient database outages without permanently losing accepted incoming work. Durable queues decouple intake availability from downstream processing failures. A direct acceptance check is: Accepted messages remain durable during database downtime and are eventually processed when consumers recover.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: Financial backups must survive destruction of the primary application account by a compromised administrator. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Cross-account backup isolation reduces the effect of compromise of an application account; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: Dozens of overprovisioned EC2 instances need evidence-based CPU and memory sizing recommendations before changing families. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Compute Optimizer uses resource metrics and recommendations but must be checked against workload SLOs; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Governance wants one AWS Config compliance view from many accounts and Regions. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS Config aggregators consolidate configuration and compliance data without changing source resources; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 857

For the enterprise requirement "A queue-backed worker fleet is underloaded overnight but still runs a fixed large number of instances", the team implemented this change: Scale ECS services or EC2 Auto Scaling from queue depth and processing time metrics. What observed result would demonstrate successful delivery of the requested capability?

  1. Actual eligible usage receives commitment coverage while variable spikes remain flexible
  2. Zonal failover promotes a standby and the application reconnects after the expected interruption
  3. Worker count falls during light load and rises when queue age approaches the delivery deadline
  4. A simulated interruption causes bounded rework and lowers total compute cost without losing final results

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Queue-driven scaling aligns paid worker capacity with outstanding workload. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A queue-backed worker fleet is underloaded overnight but still runs a fixed large number of instances.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Actual eligible usage receives commitment coverage while variable spikes remain flexible. However, this does not establish the required outcome: worker count falls during light load and rises when queue age approaches the delivery deadline.

B:

Zonal failover promotes a standby and the application reconnects after the expected interruption. However, this does not establish the required outcome: worker count falls during light load and rises when queue age approaches the delivery deadline.

D:

A simulated interruption causes bounded rework and lowers total compute cost without losing final results. However, this does not establish the required outcome: worker count falls during light load and rises when queue age approaches the delivery deadline.

Question 858

For the enterprise requirement "A global web application must fail over to a secondary Region if the primary public endpoint becomes unhealthy", the team implemented this change: Use Route 53 failover records with health checks and independently deployed regional stacks. Which observation should be required before the change is approved?

  1. A synthetic endpoint failure directs new DNS resolutions to the secondary healthy stack within the planned TTL behavior
  2. An administrator's disable request is denied while an authorized central management path remains available
  3. Newly created and eligible changed objects arrive in the destination bucket with expected encryption
  4. Replica lag and promotion tests meet defined RPO and RTO targets during planned and simulated events

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Route 53 health-check failover can redirect future DNS resolutions between operational regional endpoints. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A global web application must fail over to a secondary Region if the primary public endpoint becomes unhealthy.

Incorrect Answers

B:

An administrator's disable request is denied while an authorized central management path remains available. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a synthetic endpoint failure directs new DNS resolutions to the secondary healthy stack within the planned TTL behavior.

C:

Newly created and eligible changed objects arrive in the destination bucket with expected encryption. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a synthetic endpoint failure directs new DNS resolutions to the secondary healthy stack within the planned TTL behavior.

D:

Replica lag and promotion tests meet defined RPO and RTO targets during planned and simulated events. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a synthetic endpoint failure directs new DNS resolutions to the secondary healthy stack within the planned TTL behavior.

Question 859

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A revenue-critical public endpoint requires proactive DDoS response coordination and protected eligible application resources. Requirement B: A transactional RDS workload must automatically fail over within the Region on an AZ failure. Which TWO controls should be used together for these separate scenarios?

  1. Deploy a supported RDS Multi-AZ configuration and verify connection retry and DNS handling
  2. Evaluate AWS Shield Advanced with supported resource protection and runbooks alongside layered edge controls
  3. Use an Application Load Balancer with Auto Scaling groups spanning multiple AZs and health checks
  4. Move the secret to AWS Secrets Manager and adopt controlled retrieval and rotation integration
  5. Use an appropriately designed active-active multi-Region architecture with global routing and compatible data replication

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A transactional RDS workload must automatically fail over within the Region on an AZ failure. RDS Multi-AZ provides standby capacity for automated intra-Region failover, not read scaling by itself. A direct acceptance check is: Zonal failover promotes a standby and the application reconnects after the expected interruption.

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A revenue-critical public endpoint requires proactive DDoS response coordination and protected eligible application resources. Shield Advanced adds advanced DDoS protection and response support for supported resources. A direct acceptance check is: A test incident follows predefined escalation and eligible protected resources appear under Shield Advanced coverage.

Incorrect Answers

C:

This action targets a different technical need: An internet service must survive one Availability Zone failure while adjusting to fluctuating weekday usage. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Multi-AZ target placement and health-driven scaling provide elastic zonal resilience; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A service currently stores a database password in deployment environment text and needs managed rotation without code updates. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Secrets Manager can store and rotate secrets with applications retrieving current authorized values; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: A worldwide public application targets near-zero regional failover time and already tolerates multi-Region data conflict semantics. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Active-active architectures provide immediate regional capacity but require safe multi-Region data behavior; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 860

For the enterprise requirement "A reporting dashboard overloads a relational database primary with read queries but still requires strongly controlled write ownership", the team implemented this change: Add supported RDS read replicas and route eventually consistent reporting reads away from the writer. Which result specifically demonstrates the fix works?

  1. Small traffic shares move to the new stack first; an error alarm redirects traffic to the proven stack
  2. Writer CPU usage decreases while lag-tolerant reporting requests use replica endpoints
  3. Records are ingested within supported throughput limits without hot-shard throttling under replayed load
  4. Clients use accelerator anycast addresses and connect to the healthy regional endpoint with improved path latency

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. RDS read replicas scale read throughput but are asynchronous relative to the primary. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A reporting dashboard overloads a relational database primary with read queries but still requires strongly controlled write ownership.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Small traffic shares move to the new stack first; an error alarm redirects traffic to the proven stack. However, this does not establish the required outcome: writer CPU usage decreases while lag-tolerant reporting requests use replica endpoints.

C:

Records are ingested within supported throughput limits without hot-shard throttling under replayed load. However, this does not establish the required outcome: writer CPU usage decreases while lag-tolerant reporting requests use replica endpoints.

D:

Clients use accelerator anycast addresses and connect to the healthy regional endpoint with improved path latency. However, this does not establish the required outcome: writer CPU usage decreases while lag-tolerant reporting requests use replica endpoints.