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Cisco 200-301 Bundle

Exam Code: 200-301

Exam Name Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)

Certification Provider: Cisco

Corresponding Certification: CCNA

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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 26

Question 250

A branch design for Orion Shipping has two requirements: (1) stop unprotected VTY authentication with a shared weak line password, and (2) verify user identity before permitting an administrative login. Which proposed plan satisfies both outcomes?

  1. First, inspect show access-lists counters on the device; then add approved static ARP ACL validation entries or equivalent supported bindings.
  2. First, use authenticated local users or centralized AAA over SSH; then use authentication as the first AAA function.
  3. First, use authenticated local users or centralized AAA over SSH; then place the deny ACE earlier in sequence order.
  4. First, write an extended ACL permitting the host/source and destination subnet with appropriate transport; then use authentication as the first AAA function.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) Per-user authenticated access supports accountability and avoids weak shared credentials. (2) Authentication proves who or what is requesting access. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Neither step is the requested pair: Inspect show access-lists counters on the device is for verify which ACL entries have matches during traffic tests, and Add approved static ARP ACL validation entries or equivalent supported bindings is for troubleshoot DAI dropping valid static-IP devices that lack DHCP bindings. IOS ACL match counters can show which permit or deny clauses see selected traffic. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

C:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses ensure a specific host denial is evaluated before a broad permit. IOS ACL processing uses the first matching entry, so later entries are not checked after a match. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

D:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses allow one IPv4 source host to reach a management subnet while denying others. Extended ACLs can match both source and destination address criteria for selective traffic policy. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

Question 251

A branch design for Lighthouse Medical has two requirements: (1) install a network static route to 10.40.8.0/23, and (2) forward an IP packet arriving for the router's local interface address. Which option meets both stated needs?

  1. First, inspect the via next-hop field in show ip route; then configure passive-interface on the relevant OSPF interface.
  2. First, use ip route 10.40.8.0 255.255.254.0 with the valid next hop; then deliver it to the local protocol stack rather than remote routing.
  3. First, use ip route 10.40.8.0 255.255.254.0 with the valid next hop; then find the default 0.0.0.0/0 route and gateway of last resort.
  4. First, use it as the host default gateway rather than an individual router interface IP; then deliver it to the local protocol stack rather than remote routing.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) A /23 mask covers the two adjacent /24s 10.40.8.0 and 10.40.9.0. (2) A local host route represents the router's own address, not a remote network. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Neither step is the requested pair: Inspect the via next-hop field in show ip route is for find the next-hop IP for a learned destination prefix, and Configure passive-interface on the relevant OSPF interface is for prevent an interface from sending OSPF hello packets while still advertising its connected network. The routing-table next hop identifies the neighbor to which packets should be forwarded. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

C:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses identify the route of last resort in an IPv4 routing table. A default route handles destinations not covered by a more-specific installed route. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

D:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses identify the purpose of an HSRP virtual IP on a user VLAN. The virtual address stays available across an active/standby gateway role change. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

Question 252

An acceptance check at Pinecrest Schools has two requirements: (1) prevent one router from becoming DR on a broadcast segment, and (2) explain why a point-to-point OSPF link has no DR election. Select TWO actions that together satisfy both outcomes.

  1. Recognize point-to-point OSPF network type
  2. Compare AD for identical prefixes before protocol-specific metrics
  3. Inspect show standby and active/standby states
  4. Set its OSPF interface priority to 0
  5. Use router ospf with network statements and wildcard masks for area 0

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

Correct for outcome (2): Point-to-point OSPF forms a direct adjacency without broadcast-media DR/BDR roles. It complements the first required control.

D:

Correct for outcome (1): An OSPF priority of zero makes the router ineligible for DR or BDR election. The other outcome needs its separate action.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Not selected: Compare AD for identical prefixes before protocol-specific metrics is for avoid comparing routing protocol metrics across unrelated protocols. OSPF and EIGRP metrics are not directly comparable scales across protocols. This is outside the two requested outcomes.

C:

Not selected: Inspect show standby and active/standby states is for verify which Cisco router currently owns an HSRP virtual gateway. Cisco HSRP status identifies the virtual IP, role, priority, and participating peers. This is not one of the two required changes.

E:

Not selected: Use router ospf with network statements and wildcard masks for area 0 is for enable single-area OSPF on matching IPv4 interfaces. OSPF network statements select interfaces for the specified area using address and wildcard matching. This does not provide either of the two specified controls.

Question 253

A new branch router knows only its connected networks. All otherwise unknown IPv4 destinations must use reachable ISP gateway 192.0.2.1. Which IOS line configures the specified fallback?

  1. ip route 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.2.1
  2. ip route 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.0.2.1
  3. ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.0.2.1
  4. ipv6 route ::/0 192.0.2.1

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The 0/0 prefix matches all IPv4 destinations not matched more specifically in the forwarding table.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This describes only the gateway LAN, not all unknown destinations.

B:

The all-ones /32 is one host destination, not the IPv4 default.

D:

The IPv6 routing command cannot use an IPv4 gateway to satisfy an IPv4 default-route request.

Question 254

A network upgrade at Sable Ridge Manufacturing has two requirements: (1) decide whether an authenticated user may issue a privileged configuration command, and (2) reduce password reuse across device administrators. Which proposed plan satisfies both outcomes?

  1. First, use authorization policies for the requested action; then create username entries with the secret option and appropriate privilege.
  2. First, use WPA3-Personal with compatible clients; then apply unique credentials with a password manager and rotation policy.
  3. First, segment access and apply least-privilege traffic rules; then configure appropriate peer identity authentication and negotiated cryptographic algorithms.
  4. First, use authorization policies for the requested action; then apply unique credentials with a password manager and rotation policy.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) Authorization grants or denies specific operations after identity is established. (2) Unique secrets prevent one compromise from automatically exposing all devices. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses avoid storing new local user credentials as plain text. IOS username secret stores a protected password hash rather than literal cleartext configuration. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

B:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses gain SAE-based password authentication on a modern wireless LAN. WPA3-Personal uses SAE for password-authenticated key establishment. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

C:

Neither step is the requested pair: Segment access and apply least-privilege traffic rules is for reduce blast radius if one user endpoint becomes compromised, and Configure appropriate peer identity authentication and negotiated cryptographic algorithms is for separate VPN encryption from peer authentication in an IPsec negotiation. Segmentation limits lateral movement paths through network boundaries. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

Question 255

An acceptance check at Copperline Studios has two requirements: (1) identify the mapping between a JSON key and its associated value, and (2) represent an ordered collection of network interfaces in JSON. Which option meets both stated needs?

  1. First, store automation definitions under version control with deployment records; then roll out changes to a small validated device group before fleet-wide execution.
  2. First, recognize an object property written as a quoted key followed by a colon; then use before-and-after state validation with explicit invariants.
  3. First, recognize an object property written as a quoted key followed by a colon; then use a JSON array enclosed in square brackets.
  4. First, use a controller to maintain centralized policy and abstract device configuration; then use a JSON array enclosed in square brackets.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) JSON objects store named properties with string keys and supported value types. (2) JSON arrays contain ordered elements which can be objects, scalars or other arrays. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Neither step is the requested pair: Store automation definitions under version control with deployment records is for avoid losing traceability when automation changes routing policy, and Roll out changes to a small validated device group before fleet-wide execution is for limit the blast radius of a faulty automation deployment. Versioned automation allows change review, reproducible rollout and rollback. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

B:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses verify that a network automation run changed only intended fields. Automated configuration still needs evidence that live devices match the authorized target. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

D:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses contrast manually configured per-device control logic with controller-based management. Controller-managed networking can coordinate policy across devices instead of requiring each device configured separately. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

Question 256

A network upgrade at Granite Works has two requirements: (1) centrally manage radio settings of lightweight campus APs, and (2) provide an access switchport for a desktop in VLAN 20. Which plan correctly handles both requirements?

  1. First, use a controller-based WLAN architecture; then use RADIUS with an authorized WLAN authentication design.
  2. First, use a controller-based WLAN architecture; then configure switchport mode access and switchport access vlan 20.
  3. First, select the switch with the lowest priority plus MAC bridge identifier; then configure switchport mode access and switchport access vlan 20.
  4. First, choose the port with the lowest root-path cost after tie breakers; then enable a supported protected authentication and encryption policy on the WLAN.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) Lightweight APs and a controller separate centralized policy/control from radio client access. (2) An access port sends and receives the configured user VLAN without a data VLAN tag to the ordinary endpoint. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses provide centralized wireless client authentication using an industry-standard AAA protocol. RADIUS commonly handles network-access authentication and accounting for 802.1X WLAN clients. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

C:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses identify the spanning-tree root switch from bridge IDs. STP elects the lowest bridge ID as the root for a spanning-tree instance. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

D:

Neither step is the requested pair: Choose the port with the lowest root-path cost after tie breakers is for recognize the root port of a non-root bridge, and Enable a supported protected authentication and encryption policy on the WLAN is for reject unsecured wireless client associations on a protected SSID. Each non-root switch elects one best path toward the root bridge for a spanning-tree instance. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

Question 257

A branch design for Granite Works has two requirements: (1) form an LACP channel where one side is passive, and (2) connect an IP phone and attached PC using distinct voice and data VLANs. Which option addresses both requirements?

  1. First, set the opposite peer to LACP active; then use show interfaces trunk.
  2. First, set the opposite peer to LACP active; then configure the switchport data access VLAN and switchport voice VLAN.
  3. First, recognize the 802.1Q VLAN ID in tagged Ethernet frames; then apply an appropriate WLC wireless QoS profile.
  4. First, use a supported out-of-band console connection; then configure the switchport data access VLAN and switchport voice VLAN.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) Passive/ passive cannot initiate an LACP exchange, while an active side can negotiate with passive. (2) A voice VLAN allows supported phones to tag voice traffic separately while forwarding the PC's data VLAN. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses confirm which VLANs are actively forwarded over a trunk. The command displays operational trunks, encapsulation/native VLAN and allowed/active VLANs. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

C:

Neither step is the requested pair: Recognize the 802.1Q VLAN ID in tagged Ethernet frames is for distinguish tagged VLAN 30 traffic from untagged native VLAN traffic on an 802.1Q trunk, and Apply an appropriate WLC wireless QoS profile is for prioritize latency-sensitive voice clients over bulk wireless traffic. The VLAN identifier in the 802.1Q header preserves VLAN separation across shared trunks. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

D:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses manage a switch when its production network is unreachable. A console provides local management access independent of in-band IP reachability. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

Question 258

A router learns the same 10.40.12.0/24 prefix from internal EIGRP (default distance 90) and OSPF (default distance 110). Both next hops resolve and no distance overrides exist. Which route is normally installed?

  1. The OSPF route, because its distance of 110 is larger.
  2. Both routes are installed as equal-cost paths because they have the same mask.
  3. Neither route can install until a static route is added.
  4. The internal EIGRP route, because 90 is lower than OSPF distance 110.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

For identical prefixes, IOS compares administrative distance across different routing sources; internal EIGRP normally wins with 90 rather than OSPF 110.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Higher administrative distance is less preferred, not more; OSPF would not override the valid internal EIGRP route.

B:

Equal prefix length does not create ECMP between these different protocol sources with unequal administrative distances.

C:

A valid routing-protocol path can be installed without a static route; both learned paths were stipulated as reachable.

Question 259

A network upgrade at Meridian Insurance has two requirements: (1) avoid a syntax error when a JSON object has several fields, and (2) recognize that XML element tags are not valid JSON object syntax. Which option meets both stated needs?

  1. First, protect the Terraform state and its sensitive output values; then keep the underlay network operational for packet transport.
  2. First, recognize learned features and forecast outcomes versus predefined static limits; then use braces, brackets and string keys rather than XML tags.
  3. First, separate property pairs with commas and quote property names; then send application/json with valid key-value object syntax.
  4. First, separate property pairs with commas and quote property names; then use braces, brackets and string keys rather than XML tags.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) JSON object syntax requires comma-separated key/value pairs and double-quoted keys. (2) JSON objects and arrays have their own literal syntax distinct from XML markup. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Neither step is the requested pair: Protect the Terraform state and its sensitive output values is for understand why a Terraform state file needs secure handling, and Keep the underlay network operational for packet transport is for avoid treating a software-defined controller as a replacement for physical forwarding links. State can contain infrastructure identifiers and sensitive attributes used to track managed resources. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

B:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses distinguish a trained predictive model from fixed threshold alerting. ML models fit patterns from data, while simple thresholds use explicit static comparison rules. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

C:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses pass JSON data to a REST API endpoint. JSON encodes objects and arrays in a machine-readable representation accepted by many REST APIs. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

Question 260

A change advisory for Cedarline Hotels has two requirements: (1) prevent a downstream switch from claiming the root role over an uplink, and (2) differentiate topology discovery from actual routing reachability. Which plan correctly handles both requirements?

  1. First, enable Root Guard on the intended designated port; then treat CDP and LLDP neighbors as directly connected Layer 2 evidence.
  2. First, select the switch with the lowest priority plus MAC bridge identifier; then recognize VLAN 1 as the default access VLAN.
  3. First, enable Root Guard on the intended designated port; then configure 802.1Q router subinterfaces with VLAN tags and gateway addresses.
  4. First, configure matching channel-group IDs with mode active on the intended member ports; then treat CDP and LLDP neighbors as directly connected Layer 2 evidence.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) Root Guard holds the port in a root-inconsistent state if superior BPDUs arrive. (2) Discovery advertisements do not prove that an IP route exists or that remote hosts are reachable. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Neither step is the requested pair: Select the switch with the lowest priority plus MAC bridge identifier is for identify the spanning-tree root switch from bridge IDs, and Recognize VLAN 1 as the default access VLAN is for place untagged access switchports into their default VLAN on a factory-reset switch. STP elects the lowest bridge ID as the root for a spanning-tree instance. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

C:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses route several VLANs using one router physical uplink. Router-on-a-stick separates VLAN traffic by subinterface over one physical trunk. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

D:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses bundle two compatible physical Ethernet switchports into one logical LACP link. LACP negotiates a logical port-channel while distributing eligible flows across member links. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.