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Cisco 200-301 Bundle

Exam Code: 200-301

Exam Name Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)

Certification Provider: Cisco

Corresponding Certification: CCNA

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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 27

Question 260

A change advisory for Cedarline Hotels has two requirements: (1) prevent a downstream switch from claiming the root role over an uplink, and (2) differentiate topology discovery from actual routing reachability. Which plan correctly handles both requirements?

  1. First, enable Root Guard on the intended designated port; then treat CDP and LLDP neighbors as directly connected Layer 2 evidence.
  2. First, select the switch with the lowest priority plus MAC bridge identifier; then recognize VLAN 1 as the default access VLAN.
  3. First, enable Root Guard on the intended designated port; then configure 802.1Q router subinterfaces with VLAN tags and gateway addresses.
  4. First, configure matching channel-group IDs with mode active on the intended member ports; then treat CDP and LLDP neighbors as directly connected Layer 2 evidence.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) Root Guard holds the port in a root-inconsistent state if superior BPDUs arrive. (2) Discovery advertisements do not prove that an IP route exists or that remote hosts are reachable. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Neither step is the requested pair: Select the switch with the lowest priority plus MAC bridge identifier is for identify the spanning-tree root switch from bridge IDs, and Recognize VLAN 1 as the default access VLAN is for place untagged access switchports into their default VLAN on a factory-reset switch. STP elects the lowest bridge ID as the root for a spanning-tree instance. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

C:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses route several VLANs using one router physical uplink. Router-on-a-stick separates VLAN traffic by subinterface over one physical trunk. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

D:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses bundle two compatible physical Ethernet switchports into one logical LACP link. LACP negotiates a logical port-channel while distributing eligible flows across member links. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

Question 261

A change request at Hillcrest Utilities during a fault isolation test requires the team to support a remote site that cannot always reach the controller. What response best fits this requirement?

  1. Enable and inspect LLDP on the link
  2. Configure the switchport data access VLAN and switchport voice VLAN
  3. Enable BPDU Guard on the PortFast edge port
  4. Consider FlexConnect operation on supported APs

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

FlexConnect supports selected local switching and local survivability behavior in branch deployments. This is the control that implements the specified requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

LLDP is a vendor-neutral Layer 2 discovery protocol that advertises neighbor identity and capabilities. That is not sufficient here: FlexConnect supports selected local switching and local survivability behavior in branch deployments.

B:

A voice VLAN allows supported phones to tag voice traffic separately while forwarding the PC's data VLAN. That is not sufficient here: FlexConnect supports selected local switching and local survivability behavior in branch deployments.

C:

BPDU Guard error-disables a protected edge port receiving a BPDU to prevent accidental loops. That is not sufficient here: FlexConnect supports selected local switching and local survivability behavior in branch deployments.

Question 262

Four OSPF routers become eligible simultaneously on an Ethernet broadcast segment, with no existing DR/BDR: R1 (priority 100, router ID 10.255.0.130); R2 (priority 5, router ID 10.255.0.194); R3 (priority 4, router ID 10.255.0.195); R4 (priority 200, router ID 10.255.0.232). Which router becomes the backup designated router (BDR) after the initial DR/BDR election?

  1. R3 (priority 4, router ID 10.255.0.195)
  2. R2 (priority 5, router ID 10.255.0.194)
  3. R4 (priority 200, router ID 10.255.0.232)
  4. R1 (priority 100, router ID 10.255.0.130)

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

R4 is DR with the highest eligible interface priority; R1 has the next-highest eligible priority and becomes BDR. Initial election is assumed to occur only once after neighbors are present, rather than inferring preemption from a late join.

Incorrect Answers

A:

R3 has eligible priority 4, but R1 ranks ahead after the DR is selected.

B:

R2 has eligible priority 5, but R1 ranks ahead after the DR is selected.

C:

R4 is the initial DR, not the BDR, because its priority is highest.

Question 263

An acceptance check at Stonebridge Learning has two requirements: (1) diagnose rising CRC/FCS errors on one access port, and (2) interpret an interface that is administratively down. Which option meets both stated needs?

  1. First, inspect physical cabling, transceivers, and interface counters; then use the service set identifier or SSID.
  2. First, run ip route get with the destination IP; then issue no shutdown on the intended interface after checking change authority.
  3. First, inspect physical cabling, transceivers, and interface counters; then issue no shutdown on the intended interface after checking change authority.
  4. First, add or update the source MAC and VLAN entry on the receiving interface; then use a collapsed-core two-tier campus design.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) Corrupt Ethernet frames commonly indicate physical media, cabling, or signaling faults. (2) Administratively down indicates a configuration state rather than proof of failed physical media. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses identify the broadcast identifier clients select to join a WLAN. An SSID is the logical wireless network name advertised or provisioned to clients. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

B:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses check the selected route to a destination on Linux. Linux route lookup reveals the chosen outgoing interface and gateway for that address. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

D:

Neither step is the requested pair: Add or update the source MAC and VLAN entry on the receiving interface is for learn which switch port owns a newly seen source MAC, and Use a collapsed-core two-tier campus design is for build a small campus with a combined distribution and core layer. A learning switch updates its CAM table from the incoming frame's source address. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

Question 264

An acceptance check at Stonebridge Learning has two requirements: (1) interpret the administrative distance and metric displayed in brackets, and (2) find the next-hop IP for a learned destination prefix. Which plan correctly handles both requirements?

  1. First, configure an FHRP such as HSRP or VRRP on the gateway VLAN; then use ipv6 route ::/0 with outgoing interface and link-local next hop.
  2. First, run show ip ospf neighbor and inspect state; then inspect the via next-hop field in show ip route.
  3. First, read the first bracketed value as administrative distance and the second as metric; then inspect the via next-hop field in show ip route.
  4. First, read the first bracketed value as administrative distance and the second as metric; then look for a C route in show ip route.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) IOS route display commonly uses [administrative distance/metric] following the route code. (2) The routing-table next hop identifies the neighbor to which packets should be forwarded. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Neither step is the requested pair: Configure an FHRP such as HSRP or VRRP on the gateway VLAN is for explain why two redundant routers alone do not automatically preserve the clients' default gateway, and Use ipv6 route ::/0 with outgoing interface and link-local next hop is for configure an IPv6 default route over a known link-local next hop. Without a virtual gateway mechanism, loss of the configured single default gateway can strand clients. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

B:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses verify that OSPF neighbors reached the FULL state. The neighbor table shows adjacency state and neighbor identifiers on OSPF interfaces. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

D:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses identify whether a connected route exists for a locally configured interface subnet. A connected route is installed for an operational interface's configured network prefix. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

Question 265

A branch design for Sable Ridge Manufacturing has two requirements: (1) limit risk from a publicly disclosed software CVE on network gear, and (2) detect active port scanning that precedes unwanted access attempts. Which option addresses both requirements?

  1. First, deploy an approved remote-access VPN client and headend; then monitor traffic for reconnaissance patterns and apply edge controls.
  2. First, install vendor-approved security patches or mitigations; then use a standard ACL deny for that source IP followed by required permits.
  3. First, label the software weakness as a vulnerability and misuse as an exploit; then use wildcard 0.0.0.255 with base 10.3.8.0.
  4. First, install vendor-approved security patches or mitigations; then monitor traffic for reconnaissance patterns and apply edge controls.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) Fixing or mitigating a known vulnerability reduces exploitability on exposed devices. (2) Scanning probes service exposure and can be an early indicator of attempted intrusion. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses protect an individual remote employee connecting from public Wi-Fi. Remote access VPNs establish an encrypted session for an individual endpoint. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

B:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses deny one known infected source IP regardless of destination using a simple filter. Standard ACLs match IPv4 source addresses rather than destination ports. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

C:

Neither step is the requested pair: Label the software weakness as a vulnerability and misuse as an exploit is for distinguish a software flaw from an attacker action exploiting it, and Use wildcard 0.0.0.255 with base 10.3.8.0 is for match any address in 10.3.8.0/24 using wildcard notation. A vulnerability is an exposure; an exploit is a technique that takes advantage of that exposure. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

Question 266

An acceptance check at Riverside Data has two requirements: (1) ensure a backup static route does not override a directly connected route to the same prefix, and (2) install a route toward an adjacent directly connected point-to-point interface. Which proposed plan satisfies both outcomes?

  1. First, expect an FHRP backup peer to assume the virtual gateway role; then configure the target prefix with the valid outgoing point-to-point interface.
  2. First, use a higher floating static AD and maintain healthy connected interface; then configure the target prefix with the valid outgoing point-to-point interface.
  3. First, inspect show ip route static and next-hop reachability; then run show ip ospf neighbor and inspect state.
  4. First, use a higher floating static AD and maintain healthy connected interface; then investigate interface MTU mismatch and adjacency parameters.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) Connected routes have distance 0 and normally beat ordinary or floating static alternatives. (2) On a point-to-point interface, the route can use the egress interface without Ethernet ARP for each host. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses recognize a standby gateway takeover after the active router fails. First-hop redundancy coordinates gateway ownership and failover for attached hosts. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

C:

Neither step is the requested pair: Inspect show ip route static and next-hop reachability is for check whether a configured static route is installed, and Run show ip ospf neighbor and inspect state is for verify that OSPF neighbors reached the FULL state. A static route must resolve an eligible next hop or egress path to be usable. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

D:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses explain why two OSPF routers remain stuck in EXSTART. OSPF database description negotiation can fail when peers disagree on MTU. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

Question 267

Switches on one Rapid PVST+ VLAN instance advertise these bridge IDs: SW-1 (priority 20480, MAC 531d7cc1ee4d); SW-2 (priority 32768, MAC 83127eba0251); SW-3 (priority 24576, MAC 5dd0cf674f00); SW-4 (priority 28672, MAC 6c6e5457445c). They are powered on with no previous root. Which switch is the elected root?

  1. SW-3 (priority 24576, MAC 5dd0cf674f00)
  2. SW-4 (priority 28672, MAC 6c6e5457445c)
  3. SW-2 (priority 32768, MAC 83127eba0251)
  4. SW-1 (priority 20480, MAC 531d7cc1ee4d)

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The STP root is the switch with the numerically lowest bridge ID: priority is compared first, followed by MAC on ties. SW-1 has the lowest priority 20480.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Its advertised priority is greater than the winner 20480, and no tie breaker changes the result.

B:

That explanation does not distinguish this option. “SW-4 (priority 28672, MAC 6c6e5457445c)” is an alternative action, but it does not by itself establish the outcome required in this case.

C:

That explanation does not distinguish this option. “SW-2 (priority 32768, MAC 83127eba0251)” is an alternative action, but it does not by itself establish the outcome required in this case.

Question 268

A change advisory for Pinecrest Schools has two requirements: (1) identify the purpose of an HSRP virtual IP on a user VLAN, and (2) explain why two redundant routers alone do not automatically preserve the clients' default gateway. Which plan correctly handles both requirements?

  1. First, use it as the host default gateway rather than an individual router interface IP; then configure an FHRP such as HSRP or VRRP on the gateway VLAN.
  2. First, use it as the host default gateway rather than an individual router interface IP; then configure router-id under the OSPF process and restart the process when required.
  3. First, configure passive-interface on the relevant OSPF interface; then compare AD for identical prefixes before protocol-specific metrics.
  4. First, configure ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.0.2.1; then configure an FHRP such as HSRP or VRRP on the gateway VLAN.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) The virtual address stays available across an active/standby gateway role change. (2) Without a virtual gateway mechanism, loss of the configured single default gateway can strand clients. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses set an OSPF router ID explicitly to avoid unexpected election. An explicitly configured 32-bit router ID has priority over automatic loopback/interface selection. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

C:

Neither step is the requested pair: Configure passive-interface on the relevant OSPF interface is for prevent an interface from sending OSPF hello packets while still advertising its connected network, and Compare AD for identical prefixes before protocol-specific metrics is for avoid comparing routing protocol metrics across unrelated protocols. Passive interfaces suppress OSPF neighbor hello formation while eligible network prefixes remain advertised. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

D:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses install a static default IPv4 route to upstream neighbor 192.0.2.1. The all-zero destination and mask define the IPv4 default route via the next hop. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

Question 269

A change advisory for Meridian Insurance has two requirements: (1) explain the absence of congestion and delivery guarantees in a datagram protocol, and (2) require guaranteed in-order delivery with acknowledgments for a file transfer. Which option addresses both requirements?

  1. First, recognize UDP's connectionless best-effort transport; then use channels 1, 6 and 11.
  2. First, use scutil --dns on macOS; then use a Layer 3 switch with switched virtual interfaces and IP routing.
  3. First, recognize UDP's connectionless best-effort transport; then use TCP with a connection-oriented transport session.
  4. First, investigate collisions and faulty transmission or cabling; then use TCP with a connection-oriented transport session.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) UDP sends datagrams without TCP-style acknowledgments, sequencing or congestion recovery. (2) TCP provides sequencing, retransmission and flow control that UDP does not guarantee. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses select three nonoverlapping 20-MHz 2.4-GHz Wi-Fi channels in a common regulatory domain. These nominal 20-MHz channel centers reduce adjacent-channel overlap in 2.4 GHz. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

B:

Neither step is the requested pair: Use scutil --dns on macOS is for inspect DNS resolver settings on a macOS client, and Use a Layer 3 switch with switched virtual interfaces and IP routing is for enable inter-VLAN routing on a campus distribution device. scutil --dns reports the active macOS DNS resolver configuration. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

D:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses identify a surge of runts on a shared half-duplex Ethernet link. Frames shorter than the Ethernet minimum can arise from collision-related fragments or media defects. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

Question 270

A change request at Summit Research after a topology change requires the team to interpret the administrative distance and metric displayed in brackets. What response best fits this requirement?

  1. Use an IPv6 static /128 host route with a valid next hop
  2. Read the first bracketed value as administrative distance and the second as metric
  3. Use router ospf with network statements and wildcard masks for area 0
  4. Compare AD for identical prefixes before protocol-specific metrics

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

IOS route display commonly uses [administrative distance/metric] following the route code. This is the control that implements the specified requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A /128 prefix matches a single IPv6 unicast address. That is not sufficient here: IOS route display commonly uses [administrative distance/metric] following the route code.

C:

OSPF network statements select interfaces for the specified area using address and wildcard matching. That is not sufficient here: IOS route display commonly uses [administrative distance/metric] following the route code.

D:

OSPF and EIGRP metrics are not directly comparable scales across protocols. That is not sufficient here: IOS route display commonly uses [administrative distance/metric] following the route code.