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Cisco 200-301 Bundle

Exam Code: 200-301

Exam Name Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)

Certification Provider: Cisco

Corresponding Certification: CCNA

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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 45

Question 440

Two OSPF DROther routers on a normal broadcast Ethernet LAN show each other in 2-Way state, while both have Full adjacencies with the DR/BDR. Is this behavior necessarily a fault?

  1. Yes; every pair must reach Full regardless of network type
  2. Yes; a 2-Way state proves the IP network masks are different
  3. No; the 2-Way state means those two routers have stopped exchanging all hellos
  4. No; 2-Way between DROther routers is normal on broadcast segments with a DR/BDR.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

OSPF limits full adjacency requirements on a multiaccess broadcast network; not every DROther pair exchanges its complete database directly.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Broadcast networks normally use DR/BDR to limit which neighbors fully synchronize.

B:

Mismatched masks can be a problem, but the described normal DROther relationship alone does not establish it.

C:

2-Way reflects bidirectional hello recognition, not an absence of hello reception.

Question 441

An acceptance check at Lighthouse Medical has two requirements: (1) explain the logical segmentation created over a shared routed fabric, and (2) name the combination of underlay, overlay, and policy/control services. Which option addresses both requirements?

  1. First, use an overlay network or virtual segmentation policy; then recognize the software-defined network fabric architecture.
  2. First, protect the Terraform state and its sensitive output values; then recognize the software-defined network fabric architecture.
  3. First, use the underlay network; then use a generative AI assistant with verified source context.
  4. First, use an overlay network or virtual segmentation policy; then use a northbound API.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) An overlay encodes logical connectivity and isolation on top of the underlay. (2) A fabric integrates physical transport with virtual endpoints and centralized policy. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses understand why a Terraform state file needs secure handling. State can contain infrastructure identifiers and sensitive attributes used to track managed resources. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

C:

Neither step is the requested pair: Use the underlay network is for identify the physical routed transport that carries tunneled traffic between fabric nodes, and Use a generative AI assistant with verified source context is for generate a human-readable incident summary from multiple device logs. The underlay provides physical/routed reachability for encapsulated overlay transport. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

D:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses provide a service-facing way for an application to request network policy from a controller. Northbound APIs expose controller abstractions to higher-level orchestration or applications. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

Question 442

R1 and R2 have matching IPv4, area 0, timers and authentication on Ethernet Gi0/2, but R2 Gi0/2 is configured passive-interface in OSPF process 10. R1 receives no Hellos. What specific change is required?

  1. Remove the local link IP address from R2 Gi0/2
  2. Change R2 OSPF router ID to equal R1
  3. Configure passive-interface Gi0/2 on BOTH peers
  4. Configure no passive-interface Gi0/2 under R2 OSPF process 10

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

OSPF passive interfaces do not send Hello packets; clearing passive on the intended neighbor-facing link allows adjacencies.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action does not correct the exact interface/OSPF mismatch shown in the scenario.

B:

That explanation does not distinguish this option. “Change R2 OSPF router ID to equal R1” is an alternative action, but it does not by itself establish the outcome required in this case.

C:

That explanation does not distinguish this option. “Configure passive-interface Gi0/2 on BOTH peers” is an alternative action, but it does not by itself establish the outcome required in this case.

Question 443

A change request at Meridian Insurance following a scheduled maintenance window requires the team to identify whether a connected route exists for a locally configured interface subnet. Which option directly addresses the stated need?

  1. Configure ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.0.2.1
  2. Investigate interface MTU mismatch and adjacency parameters
  3. Look for a C route in show ip route
  4. Configure passive-interface on the relevant OSPF interface

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A connected route is installed for an operational interface's configured network prefix. This is the control that implements the specified requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The all-zero destination and mask define the IPv4 default route via the next hop. That is not sufficient here: A connected route is installed for an operational interface's configured network prefix.

B:

OSPF database description negotiation can fail when peers disagree on MTU. That is not sufficient here: A connected route is installed for an operational interface's configured network prefix.

D:

Passive interfaces suppress OSPF neighbor hello formation while eligible network prefixes remain advertised. That is not sufficient here: A connected route is installed for an operational interface's configured network prefix.

Question 444

A branch design for Eastbrook Labs has two requirements: (1) see IPv4 address, mask, gateway and DNS on Windows, and (2) connect a desktop to a nearby switch with common Ethernet twisted pair. Select TWO actions that together satisfy both outcomes.

  1. Allocate a unique /64 subnet within the /48 block
  2. Review the negotiated speed and the cable/PHY capabilities on both ends
  3. Use copper twisted-pair cabling within the Ethernet standard's reach
  4. Use UDP with an application-appropriate real-time protocol
  5. Run ipconfig /all on the Windows client

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

Correct for outcome (2): Copper Ethernet PHYs are designed for local structured cabling with category and distance limits. It complements the first required control.

E:

Correct for outcome (1): Windows ipconfig /all displays detailed TCP/IP adapter configuration. The other outcome needs its separate action.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not selected: Allocate a unique /64 subnet within the /48 block is for derive an IPv6 subnet prefix from a /48 allocation for a single LAN. A /48 leaves 16 subnet ID bits for up to 65,536 conventional /64 networks. This does not provide either of the two specified controls.

B:

Not selected: Review the negotiated speed and the cable/PHY capabilities on both ends is for check why two 1-Gbps endpoints link at only 100 Mbps. Autonegotiation and cabling quality can constrain the actual operating link speed. This is outside the two requested outcomes.

D:

Not selected: Use UDP with an application-appropriate real-time protocol is for send brief time-sensitive voice media without waiting for retransmissions. UDP avoids built-in retransmission delays and reliability is managed by the application. This is not one of the two required changes.

Question 445

A branch design for North Quay Finance has two requirements: (1) explain why indiscriminate BPDU filtering risks a bridging loop, and (2) identify the spanning-tree root switch from bridge IDs. Which option addresses both requirements?

  1. First, avoid BPDU filter on unmanaged switch-to-switch links; then consider FlexConnect operation on supported APs.
  2. First, avoid BPDU filter on unmanaged switch-to-switch links; then select the switch with the lowest priority plus MAC bridge identifier.
  3. First, run show vlan brief on the access switch; then add routing through an SVI or router gateway.
  4. First, configure 802.1Q router subinterfaces with VLAN tags and gateway addresses; then select the switch with the lowest priority plus MAC bridge identifier.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) Suppressing BPDUs can hide redundant links from spanning-tree loop prevention. (2) STP elects the lowest bridge ID as the root for a spanning-tree instance. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses support a remote site that cannot always reach the controller. FlexConnect supports selected local switching and local survivability behavior in branch deployments. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

C:

Neither step is the requested pair: Run show vlan brief on the access switch is for verify that a desktop interface belongs to the intended VLAN, and Add routing through an SVI or router gateway is for explain why newly created VLAN hosts cannot talk across VLANs by default. The VLAN table lists local VLAN membership for access ports and available VLAN identifiers. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

D:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses route several VLANs using one router physical uplink. Router-on-a-stick separates VLAN traffic by subinterface over one physical trunk. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

Question 446

A change request at Copperline Studios during a fault isolation test requires the team to represent an ordered collection of network interfaces in JSON. Which option directly addresses the stated need?

  1. Use HTTP POST according to the API contract
  2. Run terraform plan and review its proposed actions
  3. Use a JSON array enclosed in square brackets
  4. Recognize learned features and forecast outcomes versus predefined static limits

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

JSON arrays contain ordered elements which can be objects, scalars or other arrays. This is the control that implements the specified requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

POST commonly submits resource creation or actions with a payload. That is not sufficient here: JSON arrays contain ordered elements which can be objects, scalars or other arrays.

B:

The plan reports resource changes without applying them to production. That is not sufficient here: JSON arrays contain ordered elements which can be objects, scalars or other arrays.

D:

ML models fit patterns from data, while simple thresholds use explicit static comparison rules. That is not sufficient here: JSON arrays contain ordered elements which can be objects, scalars or other arrays.

Question 447

An acceptance check at Meridian Insurance has two requirements: (1) verify active inside-local and inside-global address mappings, and (2) troubleshoot missing NAT translations despite matching source ACL. Which option meets both stated needs?

  1. First, correct the DHCP DNS option or local resolver setting; then configure dynamic inside source NAT using the permitted ACL and address pool.
  2. First, configure ntp server pointing to the approved NTP server address; then verify NAT inside/outside roles and route reachability.
  3. First, use show ip nat translations on the translating router; then verify NAT inside/outside roles and route reachability.
  4. First, use show ip nat translations on the translating router; then set an appropriate DSCP marking at a trusted policy boundary.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Both outcomes are covered: (1) The NAT translation table lists original and translated addresses and ports for active entries. (2) Correct source selection alone does not establish translation if interfaces and routing are misconfigured. Neither action is a substitute for the other.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Neither step is the requested pair: Correct the DHCP DNS option or local resolver setting is for resolve a client configured with an incorrect DNS server despite a valid IP lease, and Configure dynamic inside source NAT using the permitted ACL and address pool is for let several internal addresses consume a shared pool of public IPv4 addresses. IP connectivity can work while name resolution fails because resolver configuration is wrong. The proposed plan misses the two stated outcomes.

B:

The second step covers (2), but the first addresses synchronize router time with a centralized authoritative NTP source. NTP clients exchange time with configured time sources and discipline local clocks. It leaves outcome (1) unfulfilled.

D:

The first step covers (1), but the second addresses mark traffic for downstream QoS treatment without changing application payload. DSCP bits in the IP header signal intended per-hop forwarding treatment. It leaves outcome (2) unfulfilled.

Question 448

A router receives a packet for destination 10.113.20.208. Its installed forwarding table contains 10.0.0.0/8 via 192.0.2.1; 10.113.0.0/16 via 192.0.2.2; 10.113.20.208/28 via 192.0.2.3; 10.113.20.208/30 via 192.0.2.4. Assume these routes are initially valid. The more-specific route(s) 10.113.20.208/30; 10.113.20.208/28 are then withdrawn without replacements. Which remaining route forwards this destination packet?

  1. 10.113.20.208/30 via 192.0.2.4
  2. 10.0.0.0/8 via 192.0.2.1
  3. 10.113.20.208/28 via 192.0.2.3
  4. 10.113.0.0/16 via 192.0.2.2

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

After the listed routes are withdrawn, this remaining /16 prefix is the longest available match for 10.113.20.208. Longest-prefix matching is applied to the installed forwarding routes.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This /30 route is explicitly withdrawn from forwarding before the packet arrives, so it cannot be selected even though its prefix covered 10.113.20.208 originally.

B:

This /8 prefix still matches 10.113.20.208, but the eligible /16 prefix is more specific, so this route is not selected.

C:

This /28 route is explicitly withdrawn from forwarding before the packet arrives, so it cannot be selected even though its prefix covered 10.113.20.208 originally.

Question 449

Orion Shipping needs to recognize an RFC1918 address in 10.0.0.0/8. Which implementation directly addresses that objective without replacing it with a different network control?

  1. Use point-to-point Ethernet interfaces with matching capabilities
  2. Classify 10/8 as private IPv4 space
  3. Configure an IPv6 address and 64-bit prefix with IPv6 routing enabled where required
  4. Run ip address show on Linux

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

RFC1918 private ranges are not publicly routed on the global internet. This is the control that implements the specified requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Each switched uplink can operate as a dedicated full-duplex link rather than a shared collision segment. That is not sufficient here: RFC1918 private ranges are not publicly routed on the global internet.

C:

IPv6 interface addressing includes a prefix length and router forwarding needs IPv6 routing capability. That is not sufficient here: RFC1918 private ranges are not publicly routed on the global internet.

D:

The ip command displays local interface addresses without assuming legacy ifconfig is installed. That is not sufficient here: RFC1918 private ranges are not publicly routed on the global internet.

Question 450

A Cisco IOS router serves DHCP for 10.89.0.0/24. Clients obtain leases, but the server sometimes assigns 10.89.0.1, which is the statically configured default-gateway SVI address. Which change prevents this collision?

  1. Add `ip helper-address 10.89.0.1` to the same client SVI.
  2. Change the pool’s `default-router` setting to 10.89.0.2 without changing the gateway.
  3. Configure `ip dhcp excluded-address 10.89.0.1` (and other reserved infrastructure addresses as required).
  4. Increase the lease duration so the duplicated assignment lasts longer.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

An excluded-address range prevents the IOS DHCP service from leasing infrastructure IPs while retaining the pool for clients.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Relay is unnecessary for the local DHCP server and does not exclude a reserved address.

B:

An incorrect gateway option would break clients and still fail to reserve the actual address.

D:

Lease duration cannot prevent DHCP from selecting an infrastructure IP that remains in its allocatable set.