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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 19

Question 180

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A Lambda-backed API team wants to expose only ten percent of traffic to a new function revision before promoting it. Requirement B: A noncritical archive service has a 24-hour RTO and may restore its configuration and data from protected backups. Choose TWO actions that directly address these separate problems.

  1. Publish a Lambda version and configure weighted alias routing with deployment alarms
  2. Configure a suitable RDS cross-Region read replica where supported and rehearse replica promotion and endpoint changes
  3. Use CloudFormation StackSets with the appropriate organization deployment permissions and guarded account or OU targeting
  4. Enable GuardDuty organization-wide with designated administrator and configured regional coverage
  5. Implement a tested backup-and-restore disaster recovery pattern with documented recovery runbooks

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A Lambda-backed API team wants to expose only ten percent of traffic to a new function revision before promoting it. Lambda aliases support weighted traffic between published versions with monitored promotion. A direct acceptance check is: The alias sends the intended approximate percentage to the canary version and reverts after a simulated alarm.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A noncritical archive service has a 24-hour RTO and may restore its configuration and data from protected backups. Backup-and-restore DR suits longer RTO targets when restore execution is practiced. A direct acceptance check is: A restore drill meets the 24-hour recovery target with verified data integrity and access.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A read-heavy reporting application needs an up-to-date secondary regional database copy that can be promoted in a disaster. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Cross-Region read replicas are asynchronous and may require explicit promotion in recovery; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A platform team deploys the same baseline IAM roles and configuration stacks into 70 governed member accounts. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. CloudFormation StackSets manages stack instances across accounts and Regions from a controlled template; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A central security team needs automated detections for unusual cross-account API activity and suspected credential misuse. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. GuardDuty consumes AWS data sources to identify suspicious behavior and report findings; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 181

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: An organization needs central inspection of east-west traffic from multiple spoke VPCs without asymmetric return flows. Requirement B: A bucket policy accidentally grants an external AWS account access and the owner needs a provable cross-account finding. Select TWO actions, one for each independently scoped requirement.

  1. Use S3 Storage Lens metrics to identify expensive bucket-level and organization-wide storage trends
  2. Use Transit Gateway inspection VPC attachment with appliance mode and explicit symmetric inspection routes
  3. Introduce a centrally managed translation or proxy layer with nonoverlapping service endpoints rather than directly peering overlapping networks
  4. Configure an organization trail delivered to a protected central S3 bucket with appropriate key and bucket controls
  5. Enable IAM Access Analyzer for the relevant zone of trust and evaluate the external-access finding

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: An organization needs central inspection of east-west traffic from multiple spoke VPCs without asymmetric return flows. Stateful network inspection requires symmetric paths through the selected inspection appliance. A direct acceptance check is: Bidirectional flows traverse the inspection appliances consistently and approved inspection policies appear in logs.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A bucket policy accidentally grants an external AWS account access and the owner needs a provable cross-account finding. IAM Access Analyzer analyzes resource-based policies for external access outside the chosen trust zone. A direct acceptance check is: The analyzer identifies the unexpected external principal and the finding clears after policy correction.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A large S3 estate has unknown replication, storage-class, and lifecycle patterns that drive storage expense. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. S3 Storage Lens supports visibility into storage activity and efficiency metrics; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Two acquired subsidiaries have overlapping RFC1918 VPC CIDRs but must exchange traffic with a shared integration endpoint. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Overlapping address spaces require translation or service-level isolation rather than simple routed peering; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: Compliance requires protected organization-wide API activity logs to flow into a centralized security account with controlled deletion. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS Organizations trails centralize multi-account CloudTrail logging when storage access is secured; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 182

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: Operations needs one centralized queue of cost optimization recommendations from multiple AWS services. Which root cause is most consistent with the observation?

  1. Every backup copy resides in the same administration boundary as the threatened workloads
  2. Instances were resized from average CPU alone despite memory or traffic constraints
  3. Summary monthly bills lack the resource-level usage detail needed for chargeback
  4. Savings recommendations exist in separate consoles and are double counted in spreadsheets

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Cost Optimization Hub consolidates and de-duplicates supported AWS cost recommendations. The appropriate correction is: Use AWS Cost Optimization Hub with supported account enrollment and recommendation aggregation. The control should then be tested by verifying that Finance sees prioritized savings opportunities and can distinguish overlapping cost recommendations.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Every backup copy resides in the same administration boundary as the threatened workloads. The stated evidence instead indicates: Savings recommendations exist in separate consoles and are double counted in spreadsheets.

B:

Instances were resized from average CPU alone despite memory or traffic constraints. The stated evidence instead indicates: Savings recommendations exist in separate consoles and are double counted in spreadsheets.

C:

Summary monthly bills lack the resource-level usage detail needed for chargeback. The stated evidence instead indicates: Savings recommendations exist in separate consoles and are double counted in spreadsheets.

Question 183

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A Windows estate contains expensive licensed products whose licensing rights differ between shared tenancy and dedicated hosts. What is the most appropriate design for this workload?

  1. Extract suitable endpoints to API Gateway and Lambda with explicit authentication, throttling and timeout controls
  2. Track AWS Transform migration wave and server states, and maintain centrally owned application milestones, blockers and cutover decisions
  3. Perform application dependency discovery and group connected workloads into migration waves
  4. Assess license portability, dedicated-host requirements and AWS License Manager before choosing targets

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

License entitlements must be assessed before migration architecture and instance selection. The required architecture outcome is: A Windows estate contains expensive licensed products whose licensing rights differ between shared tenancy and dedicated hosts. Validate this choice by checking that The proposed target design has documented permitted license use and tracked license utilization.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Always-on monolith capacity is required merely to handle infrequent independent endpoints. The specific problem here is that licensing constraints were omitted until after destination EC2 instances were chosen.

B:

Migration tasks are tracked in separate team documents with no common portfolio state. The specific problem here is that licensing constraints were omitted until after destination EC2 instances were chosen.

C:

Application lists omit runtime call dependencies and produce broken split-wave migrations. The specific problem here is that licensing constraints were omitted until after destination EC2 instances were chosen.

Question 184

For the enterprise requirement "A platform team requires Kubernetes APIs, admission policies and custom controllers while moving a container platform to AWS", the team implemented this change: Deploy a supported EKS architecture with managed control plane and appropriate node or Fargate capacity. Which test result proves this architecture satisfies its stated constraint?

  1. Separate analysts query approved lake datasets without direct access to the legacy ETL host
  2. Isolated handlers scale according to request demand and meet p95 latency and authorization targets
  3. New capability traffic can be rolled back while untouched monolith endpoints remain functional
  4. Kubernetes manifests and controllers operate within approved permissions and the control plane is managed

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. EKS provides a managed Kubernetes control plane for teams using Kubernetes-native tooling. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A platform team requires Kubernetes APIs, admission policies and custom controllers while moving a container platform to AWS.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Separate analysts query approved lake datasets without direct access to the legacy ETL host. However, this does not establish the required outcome: kubernetes manifests and controllers operate within approved permissions and the control plane is managed.

B:

Isolated handlers scale according to request demand and meet p95 latency and authorization targets. However, this does not establish the required outcome: kubernetes manifests and controllers operate within approved permissions and the control plane is managed.

C:

New capability traffic can be rolled back while untouched monolith endpoints remain functional. However, this does not establish the required outcome: kubernetes manifests and controllers operate within approved permissions and the control plane is managed.

Question 185

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A customer-facing Lambda API has unacceptable first-request latency after inactive periods despite low average invocation cost. Requirement B: A multi-AZ production stack has never been tested with a failed Availability Zone during working hours. Choose TWO actions that directly address these separate problems.

  1. Gate a least-privilege Systems Manager Automation runbook with an aws:approve step and retain change approval and execution records
  2. Configure provisioned concurrency for selected published function aliases with suitable demand planning
  3. Run controlled AWS Fault Injection Service scenarios with safety guardrails and predeclared stop conditions
  4. Use enhanced fan-out for supported registered consumers or otherwise allocate read capacity explicitly
  5. Configure and verify Route 53 failover records with endpoint health checks and explicit secondary routing

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A customer-facing Lambda API has unacceptable first-request latency after inactive periods despite low average invocation cost. Lambda provisioned concurrency keeps selected execution environments initialized to reduce startup latency. A direct acceptance check is: Cold-start spikes fall for provisioned requests and concurrency utilization stays within budget.

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A multi-AZ production stack has never been tested with a failed Availability Zone during working hours. Fault injection validates real system behavior within approved experiment boundaries. A direct acceptance check is: The stack tolerates the injected zonal fault and stop alarms terminate experiments as planned.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: Production maintenance requires an explicit approval and tracked change record before automation updates EC2 systems. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Controlled automation separates approval from execution and preserves traceability; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A Kinesis stream has adequate shard write capacity but multiple consumers compete for read throughput and fall behind. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Kinesis enhanced fan-out provides dedicated consumer read throughput within service limits; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Two Regions are deployed but customer requests stay routed to the failed primary endpoint indefinitely. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. DNS failover needs a health-signal and routing policy that actually switches answers; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 186

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: External trading partners depend on SFTP interfaces, but the receiving application will store files in S3. What was most likely overlooked in the original design?

  1. Partners are forced to replace SFTP clients with AWS SDK calls without business approval
  2. Migration tasks are tracked in separate team documents with no common portfolio state
  3. Complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration
  4. Traffic was switched to the container environment before dependent services and probes were verified

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. AWS Transfer Family exposes managed file-transfer protocols to supported AWS storage. The appropriate correction is: Use AWS Transfer Family with a supported SFTP endpoint and appropriate identity and S3 permissions. The control should then be tested by verifying that Partners connect over SFTP and transferred objects appear in assigned bucket prefixes.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Migration tasks are tracked in separate team documents with no common portfolio state. The stated evidence instead indicates: Partners are forced to replace SFTP clients with AWS SDK calls without business approval.

C:

Complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration. The stated evidence instead indicates: Partners are forced to replace SFTP clients with AWS SDK calls without business approval.

D:

Traffic was switched to the container environment before dependent services and probes were verified. The stated evidence instead indicates: Partners are forced to replace SFTP clients with AWS SDK calls without business approval.

Question 187

For the enterprise requirement "An S3 bucket is repeatedly made public and security wants prompt correction beyond simply generating findings", the team implemented this change: Pair an AWS Config detection rule with controlled Systems Manager Automation remediation and change safeguards. What should operations verify instead of relying on configuration alone?

  1. A deliberately noncompliant bucket triggers the configured corrective control and audit records
  2. A retry resumes the failed state without independently rerunning successful steps and errors are visible in execution history
  3. Release decisions reference tracked error rate and latency burn rather than raw instance uptime alone
  4. Identified buckets show smaller unnecessary version and multipart storage after retention-safe cleanup

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Config rules can invoke automations for selected remediable configuration noncompliance. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: An S3 bucket is repeatedly made public and security wants prompt correction beyond simply generating findings.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A retry resumes the failed state without independently rerunning successful steps and errors are visible in execution history. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a deliberately noncompliant bucket triggers the configured corrective control and audit records.

C:

Release decisions reference tracked error rate and latency burn rather than raw instance uptime alone. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a deliberately noncompliant bucket triggers the configured corrective control and audit records.

D:

Identified buckets show smaller unnecessary version and multipart storage after retention-safe cleanup. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a deliberately noncompliant bucket triggers the configured corrective control and audit records.

Question 188

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A multi-account organization must prevent member accounts from disabling mandatory CloudTrail trails even when local administrators hold broad IAM policies. What should the solutions architect recommend?

  1. Apply a targeted Organizations service control policy denying prohibited CloudTrail disablement actions in affected OUs
  2. Configure IAM Identity Center with enterprise IdP integration, permission sets and controlled account assignments
  3. Configure Security Hub delegated administrator and member account aggregation or finding aggregation as supported
  4. Use Route 53 failover records with health checks and independently deployed regional stacks

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Service control policies set permission ceilings for member account principals and cannot grant access themselves. The required architecture outcome is: A multi-account organization must prevent member accounts from disabling mandatory CloudTrail trails even when local administrators hold broad IAM policies. Validate this choice by checking that An administrator's disable request is denied while an authorized central management path remains available.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation. The specific problem here is that local identity permissions were incorrectly treated as overriding organizational guardrails.

C:

Individual Security Hub instances were not centrally delegated or aggregated. The specific problem here is that local identity permissions were incorrectly treated as overriding organizational guardrails.

D:

The backup Region exists but DNS routing never changes after primary endpoint failure. The specific problem here is that local identity permissions were incorrectly treated as overriding organizational guardrails.

Question 189

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A company has shared Reserved Instances in its payer organization and wants to quantify benefit distribution across linked accounts. Which proposed change addresses the stated constraint most directly?

  1. Model expected service usage in AWS Pricing Calculator and compare results against historical billing trends
  2. Configure Security Hub delegated administrator and member account aggregation or finding aggregation as supported
  3. Analyze organization-wide RI utilization and coverage using consolidated billing reports
  4. Set up AWS Cost Anomaly Detection with relevant monitors and alert subscriptions

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Consolidated billing can share eligible reservations across member accounts subject to sharing settings. The required architecture outcome is: A company has shared Reserved Instances in its payer organization and wants to quantify benefit distribution across linked accounts. Validate this choice by checking that Shared applicable discounts and uncovered on-demand baseline are visible by linked account.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint. The specific problem here is that rI purchases are evaluated only in the purchasing account without considering shared billing treatment.

B:

Individual Security Hub instances were not centrally delegated or aggregated. The specific problem here is that rI purchases are evaluated only in the purchasing account without considering shared billing treatment.

D:

Static budgets cannot explain or detect each atypical spend pattern promptly. The specific problem here is that rI purchases are evaluated only in the purchasing account without considering shared billing treatment.

Question 190

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A shared S3 estate has ballooning noncurrent versions, incomplete multipart uploads and forgotten small objects. Which option best aligns with the business and technical requirement?

  1. Move the suitable multi-step orchestration into Step Functions with named states, bounded retries and error paths
  2. Use S3 Storage Lens or inventory analytics and implement targeted lifecycle cleanup rules
  3. Analyze Cost Explorer coverage and utilization before adjusting a suitable commitment
  4. Inventory unattached EBS volumes and delete or archive approved volumes after snapshot and ownership checks

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

S3 analytics and lifecycle rules target recoverable storage waste when retention is respected. The required architecture outcome is: A shared S3 estate has ballooning noncurrent versions, incomplete multipart uploads and forgotten small objects. Validate this choice by checking that Identified buckets show smaller unnecessary version and multipart storage after retention-safe cleanup.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Untracked imperative orchestration repeats previous side effects after transient failures. The specific problem here is that dormant storage versions and partial uploads accumulate without inventory or lifecycle governance.

C:

Capacity commitments are purchased solely from forecast without checking historical eligible use. The specific problem here is that dormant storage versions and partial uploads accumulate without inventory or lifecycle governance.

D:

Unattached volumes are treated as free merely because they are not mounted. The specific problem here is that dormant storage versions and partial uploads accumulate without inventory or lifecycle governance.