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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 61

Question 600

An architecture review recommends this solution: Analyze organization-wide RI utilization and coverage using consolidated billing reports. The motivating situation is: A company has shared Reserved Instances in its payer organization and wants to quantify benefit distribution across linked accounts. Which architectural reasoning is most accurate for the choice?

  1. Architecture forecasts require explicit usage assumptions rather than extrapolation without design changes
  2. Consolidated billing can share eligible reservations across member accounts subject to sharing settings
  3. IAM Identity Center coordinates workforce SSO permission sets across accounts
  4. Compute Savings Plans apply eligible usage discounts across supported services and configurations

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Analyze organization-wide RI utilization and coverage using consolidated billing reports. The expected supporting evidence is: Shared applicable discounts and uncovered on-demand baseline are visible by linked account.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint. The stated evidence instead indicates: RI purchases are evaluated only in the purchasing account without considering shared billing treatment.

C:

Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation. The stated evidence instead indicates: RI purchases are evaluated only in the purchasing account without considering shared billing treatment.

D:

On-demand usage was left wholly uncommitted despite predictable baseline compute consumption. The stated evidence instead indicates: RI purchases are evaluated only in the purchasing account without considering shared billing treatment.

Question 601

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A compliance dataset is rarely accessed after 90 days but must remain recoverable with several-hour retrieval tolerance. What design change should the team implement?

  1. Scale ECS services or EC2 Auto Scaling from queue depth and processing time metrics
  2. Evaluate Compute Savings Plans at a supported commitment level for the stable baseline
  3. Configure S3 lifecycle transitions to a suitable archival storage class and test retrieval times
  4. Configure a suitable RDS cross-Region read replica where supported and rehearse replica promotion and endpoint changes

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Lifecycle transitions reduce storage expense only if retrieval and minimum-duration constraints fit. The required architecture outcome is: A compliance dataset is rarely accessed after 90 days but must remain recoverable with several-hour retrieval tolerance. Validate this choice by checking that Objects transition after the configured age and can be restored within the business retrieval target.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Static worker capacity ignores observable demand while processing latency varies. The specific problem here is that objects remain indefinitely in higher-cost storage despite a proven low-access retention pattern.

B:

Stable compute baseline is paid at on-demand rates without analyzed commitments. The specific problem here is that objects remain indefinitely in higher-cost storage despite a proven low-access retention pattern.

D:

A standard read replica is assumed to be a synchronous multi-Region failover mechanism without promotion. The specific problem here is that objects remain indefinitely in higher-cost storage despite a proven low-access retention pattern.

Question 602

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A brownfield workload must shift gradually from a legacy load balancer to a new service while preserving rollback. Requirement B: Two Regions must retain independently encrypted object replicas to meet recovery requirements during a source Region failure. Select TWO actions, one for each independently scoped requirement.

  1. Use EC2 Image Builder pipelines for controlled image build, testing and account or Region distribution
  2. Configure S3 replication rules with correct versioning and KMS permissions for destination encrypted objects
  3. Configure a suitable RDS cross-Region read replica where supported and rehearse replica promotion and endpoint changes
  4. Use weighted Route 53 or application load balancer traffic shifting with monitored cutover and rollback criteria
  5. Add supported RDS read replicas and route eventually consistent reporting reads away from the writer

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: Two Regions must retain independently encrypted object replicas to meet recovery requirements during a source Region failure. S3 encrypted object replication needs versioning and appropriate replication-role KMS authorization. A direct acceptance check is: Eligible new source objects replicate with appropriate destination encryption and remain readable during source outage.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A brownfield workload must shift gradually from a legacy load balancer to a new service while preserving rollback. Weighted routing can support staged migration when health checks and client caching are considered. A direct acceptance check is: Small traffic shares move to the new stack first; an error alarm redirects traffic to the proven stack.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: An operations team must roll out the same hardened EC2 AMI to many accounts with recorded patch and test history. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. EC2 Image Builder automates reproducible image lifecycles with testing and distribution; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A read-heavy reporting application needs an up-to-date secondary regional database copy that can be promoted in a disaster. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Cross-Region read replicas are asynchronous and may require explicit promotion in recovery; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: A reporting dashboard overloads a relational database primary with read queries but still requires strongly controlled write ownership. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. RDS read replicas scale read throughput but are asynchronous relative to the primary; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 603

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Dozens of overprovisioned EC2 instances need evidence-based CPU and memory sizing recommendations before changing families. Requirement B: On-premises servers must resolve names in a private Route 53 hosted zone without exposing those records publicly. Which TWO architecture changes cover both acceptance criteria?

  1. Use AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery with supported source replication and recovery drills
  2. Deploy Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoints and configure corporate conditional DNS forwarding for the private zone
  3. Analyze organization-wide RI utilization and coverage using consolidated billing reports
  4. Attach the VPCs to one centrally governed Transit Gateway and propagate approved attachment routes
  5. Use Compute Optimizer and validate monitoring data before right-sizing eligible instances

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: On-premises servers must resolve names in a private Route 53 hosted zone without exposing those records publicly. Inbound Resolver endpoints enable hybrid clients to ask VPC-associated private-zone DNS questions. A direct acceptance check is: Queries from on-premises resolvers return the expected private-zone records through inbound endpoint addresses.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Dozens of overprovisioned EC2 instances need evidence-based CPU and memory sizing recommendations before changing families. Compute Optimizer uses resource metrics and recommendations but must be checked against workload SLOs. A direct acceptance check is: Tested resized instances meet p95 latency goals while recommended savings are observed.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: Hundreds of virtual machines require orchestrated recovery into AWS after a primary on-premises site failure. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery supports block-level replication and automated recovery launches; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A company has shared Reserved Instances in its payer organization and wants to quantify benefit distribution across linked accounts. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Consolidated billing can share eligible reservations across member accounts subject to sharing settings; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: Six VPCs in three accounts need private east-west connectivity without an O(N²) peering mesh. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Transit Gateway supplies centralized transitive VPC connectivity when attachment route tables and security policies are configured; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 604

For the enterprise requirement "Internal mTLS certificates for services must be issued under a private organizational trust root with controlled rotation", the team implemented this change: Use AWS Private CA to issue private certificates with a managed trust chain and documented renewal. What observed result would demonstrate successful delivery of the requested capability?

  1. The analyzer identifies the unexpected external principal and the finding clears after policy correction
  2. Both circuits carry permitted private routes, and a deliberate single-circuit outage retains connectivity
  3. A noncompliant test bucket is flagged and the remediation removes its unauthorized public exposure
  4. A client trusts the correct private CA chain and rejects a certificate issued outside that trust

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. AWS Private CA supports private certificate authorities for internal certificate issuance. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Internal mTLS certificates for services must be issued under a private organizational trust root with controlled rotation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The analyzer identifies the unexpected external principal and the finding clears after policy correction. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a client trusts the correct private CA chain and rejects a certificate issued outside that trust.

B:

Both circuits carry permitted private routes, and a deliberate single-circuit outage retains connectivity. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a client trusts the correct private CA chain and rejects a certificate issued outside that trust.

C:

A noncompliant test bucket is flagged and the remediation removes its unauthorized public exposure. However, this does not establish the required outcome: a client trusts the correct private CA chain and rejects a certificate issued outside that trust.

Question 605

An architecture review recommends this solution: Send eligible reads through the Aurora reader endpoint and provision suitable replica capacity. The motivating situation is: An Aurora-backed API has too many queries on the writer and wants to distribute read-only reporting traffic. Which principle would a reviewer use to defend this design?

  1. EventBridge event archives retain matching historical events for later replay
  2. GuardDuty consumes AWS data sources to identify suspicious behavior and report findings
  3. Aurora reader endpoints balance connections to read replicas for read workloads
  4. Step Functions supports explicit state-level retry and error handling but side effects still require idempotency

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Send eligible reads through the Aurora reader endpoint and provision suitable replica capacity. The expected supporting evidence is: Read latency and writer CPU improve under reporting load without routing writes to read replicas.

Incorrect Answers

A:

No event archive exists to replay notifications that failed during downstream processing. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers.

B:

Raw CloudTrail logs were collected but no managed threat-detection findings were enabled. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers.

D:

Imperative glue retries all upstream steps and creates duplicate side effects. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers.

Question 606

An architecture review recommends this solution: Apply the strangler pattern, routing one well-defined capability at a time to a tested new service. The motivating situation is: A legacy monolith must be separated into business capabilities gradually without taking a risky one-time rewrite. Which consideration makes this solution preferable to the original approach?

  1. Platform migration viability depends on software support and hardware or driver compatibility
  2. Incremental strangler migration reduces cutover risk through bounded feature replacement
  3. Managed scheduling can invoke short-lived compute without operating a permanent cron host
  4. Infrastructure as code supports repeatability, reviews and automated lifecycle controls

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Apply the strangler pattern, routing one well-defined capability at a time to a tested new service. The expected supporting evidence is: New capability traffic can be rolled back while untouched monolith endpoints remain functional.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Source virtualization format was mistaken for a guarantee of target runtime compatibility. The stated evidence instead indicates: An all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk.

C:

The only purpose of a 24/7 server is occasional timer-based work. The stated evidence instead indicates: An all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk.

D:

Console changes have no reproducible declarative infrastructure state. The stated evidence instead indicates: An all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk.

Question 607

For the enterprise requirement "A database team purchased oversized io2 EBS performance when measured throughput is far below its actual needs", the team implemented this change: Benchmark throughput and latency, then evaluate a supported gp3 volume where required performance fits. Which test result proves this architecture satisfies its stated constraint?

  1. Representative traffic reaches required throughput with improved CPU efficiency and no driver errors
  2. Identified buckets show smaller unnecessary version and multipart storage after retention-safe cleanup
  3. Tested gp3 configuration meets IO SLOs at lower monthly storage and provisioned-performance cost
  4. Chargeback results trace shared spend to accounted requests or accountable service consumers

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. EBS volume-class selection should follow measured IO and durability requirements. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A database team purchased oversized io2 EBS performance when measured throughput is far below its actual needs.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Representative traffic reaches required throughput with improved CPU efficiency and no driver errors. However, this does not establish the required outcome: tested gp3 configuration meets IO SLOs at lower monthly storage and provisioned-performance cost.

B:

Identified buckets show smaller unnecessary version and multipart storage after retention-safe cleanup. However, this does not establish the required outcome: tested gp3 configuration meets IO SLOs at lower monthly storage and provisioned-performance cost.

D:

Chargeback results trace shared spend to accounted requests or accountable service consumers. However, this does not establish the required outcome: tested gp3 configuration meets IO SLOs at lower monthly storage and provisioned-performance cost.

Question 608

An architecture review recommends this solution: Configure CloudFront Origin Access Control with an origin bucket policy restricted to the distribution. The motivating situation is: A private S3 origin behind CloudFront must block direct public object requests while allowing authorized distribution reads. Which statement explains why the recommendation solves the specific problem?

  1. VPC endpoints provide private connectivity to supported AWS services inside defined network and policy controls
  2. CloudFront OAC signs origin requests and supports restrictive private S3 bucket policies
  3. KMS key authorization depends on the owning key policy as well as applicable principal policies
  4. DAX offers managed in-memory caching for eligible DynamoDB read workloads

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Configure CloudFront Origin Access Control with an origin bucket policy restricted to the distribution. The expected supporting evidence is: CloudFront retrieves approved objects while direct anonymous S3 URLs are rejected.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Service API traffic depends on public egress or an unintended NAT route despite a private-access requirement. The stated evidence instead indicates: A public bucket policy exposes origin objects outside the intended CloudFront access path.

C:

IAM principal permission was mistaken for sufficient access despite a restrictive KMS key policy. The stated evidence instead indicates: A public bucket policy exposes origin objects outside the intended CloudFront access path.

D:

Every read request traverses the backing DynamoDB service despite highly reusable cacheable data. The stated evidence instead indicates: A public bucket policy exposes origin objects outside the intended CloudFront access path.

Question 609

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A monolithic Windows process has been decomposed into HTTP services that can run in managed containers without operating its own servers. Which proposed change addresses the stated constraint most directly?

  1. Introduce consistent tracing and structured correlation with CloudWatch and an OpenTelemetry-compatible collector where appropriate
  2. Package services into supported containers and deploy with ECS on Fargate and scalable load balancing
  3. Extract suitable endpoints to API Gateway and Lambda with explicit authentication, throttling and timeout controls
  4. Evaluate AWS Storage Gateway file or volume gateway mode against existing file protocol and caching requirements

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Fargate can run supported ECS container tasks without customer-managed worker hosts. The required architecture outcome is: A monolithic Windows process has been decomposed into HTTP services that can run in managed containers without operating its own servers. Validate this choice by checking that Services scale independently and teams do not manage EC2 container worker hosts.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Separate component logs cannot be correlated to customer transactions. The specific problem here is that dedicated EC2 servers remain the scaling bottleneck for stateless containerized workloads.

C:

Always-on monolith capacity is required merely to handle infrequent independent endpoints. The specific problem here is that dedicated EC2 servers remain the scaling bottleneck for stateless containerized workloads.

D:

A direct S3 SDK rewrite was imposed on workloads that cannot change their file interface. The specific problem here is that dedicated EC2 servers remain the scaling bottleneck for stateless containerized workloads.

Question 610

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: An Aurora-backed API has too many queries on the writer and wants to distribute read-only reporting traffic. Which failure mechanism should the team correct?

  1. Every static asset fetch goes to a distant origin instead of the edge cache
  2. No event archive exists to replay notifications that failed during downstream processing
  3. Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers
  4. Unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Aurora reader endpoints balance connections to read replicas for read workloads. The appropriate correction is: Send eligible reads through the Aurora reader endpoint and provision suitable replica capacity. The control should then be tested by verifying that Read latency and writer CPU improve under reporting load without routing writes to read replicas.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Every static asset fetch goes to a distant origin instead of the edge cache. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers.

B:

No event archive exists to replay notifications that failed during downstream processing. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers.

D:

Unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured. The stated evidence instead indicates: Every reporting query was sent to the cluster writer endpoint despite available readers.