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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 74

Question 730

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: Employees across dozens of AWS accounts must use one corporate identity provider and centrally standardized account assignments. Which missing control accounts for the continuing issue?

  1. The remote principal has S3 object access but lacks required key-policy and IAM decrypt permission
  2. Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation
  3. Public ACM-issued certificates were wrongly assumed to provide a corporate private CA chain
  4. Backup images exist but no continuously replicated recovery environment or launch plan is configured

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. IAM Identity Center coordinates workforce SSO permission sets across accounts. The appropriate correction is: Configure IAM Identity Center with enterprise IdP integration, permission sets and controlled account assignments. The control should then be tested by verifying that Employees sign in using enterprise identities and receive only the mapped roles in assigned accounts.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The remote principal has S3 object access but lacks required key-policy and IAM decrypt permission. The stated evidence instead indicates: Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation.

C:

Public ACM-issued certificates were wrongly assumed to provide a corporate private CA chain. The stated evidence instead indicates: Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation.

D:

Backup images exist but no continuously replicated recovery environment or launch plan is configured. The stated evidence instead indicates: Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation.

Question 731

An architecture review recommends this solution: Use AWS Transform discovery and assessment, or a supported inventory tool, to measure server characteristics and network dependency data. The motivating situation is: A legacy data center lacks a trustworthy inventory of server CPU, memory, installed processes and network connections. Which architectural reasoning is most accurate for the choice?

  1. Mainframe migrations need purpose-built assessment and conversion or replatform planning
  2. Regulatory and data-classification constraints affect target location and migration scope
  3. Application discovery captures real workload characteristics needed for migration planning
  4. License entitlements must be assessed before migration architecture and instance selection

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Use AWS Transform discovery and assessment, or a supported inventory tool, to measure server characteristics and network dependency data. The expected supporting evidence is: Captured workload attributes reveal which servers can be rehosted together and which need further assessment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Mainframe batch and transaction semantics were treated as if they were ordinary Linux workloads. The stated evidence instead indicates: Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior.

B:

Migration scheduling ignored data classification and jurisdictional control requirements. The stated evidence instead indicates: Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior.

D:

Licensing constraints were omitted until after destination EC2 instances were chosen. The stated evidence instead indicates: Migration estimates are based solely on outdated procurement records rather than measured workload behavior.

Question 732

An architecture review recommends this solution: Migrate shared application files to Amazon EFS with appropriate mount targets and throughput configuration. The motivating situation is: A collection of EC2 workers shares POSIX files and needs common file semantics while scaling workers separately. Why is this architecture appropriate for the described workload?

  1. EFS provides managed shared NFS file storage for distributed Linux clients
  2. AWS MGN supports continuous server replication and orchestrated rehosting validation
  3. Serverless APIs can separate scaling from continuously provisioned application servers
  4. A shared governed object-storage lake decouples data retention from individual processing engines

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Migrate shared application files to Amazon EFS with appropriate mount targets and throughput configuration. The expected supporting evidence is: Independently scaled workers can access the same files over supported NFS semantics.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover. The stated evidence instead indicates: Local instance disks are wrongly used as a shared durable POSIX file system.

C:

Always-on monolith capacity is required merely to handle infrequent independent endpoints. The stated evidence instead indicates: Local instance disks are wrongly used as a shared durable POSIX file system.

D:

All analytics jobs depend on a single custom ETL server and its directly attached storage. The stated evidence instead indicates: Local instance disks are wrongly used as a shared durable POSIX file system.

Question 733

For the enterprise requirement "A global static web application experiences high latency because users repeatedly fetch unchanged assets from one Region", the team implemented this change: Configure CloudFront caching with appropriate TTL, cache keys and regional origin controls. Which test result proves this architecture satisfies its stated constraint?

  1. Hot session lookups avoid repeated database queries and failure recovery preserves acceptable service behavior
  2. Cache hit ratio increases and p95 download latency improves across distant test locations
  3. p95 latency and unit costs improve in a representative arm64 canary with all native libraries working
  4. A rotation completes, the application authenticates with the new value, and old credentials are not exposed

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. CloudFront edge caching reduces origin fetches for cacheable content. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: A global static web application experiences high latency because users repeatedly fetch unchanged assets from one Region.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Hot session lookups avoid repeated database queries and failure recovery preserves acceptable service behavior. However, this does not establish the required outcome: cache hit ratio increases and p95 download latency improves across distant test locations.

C:

P95 latency and unit costs improve in a representative arm64 canary with all native libraries working. However, this does not establish the required outcome: cache hit ratio increases and p95 download latency improves across distant test locations.

D:

A rotation completes, the application authenticates with the new value, and old credentials are not exposed. However, this does not establish the required outcome: cache hit ratio increases and p95 download latency improves across distant test locations.

Question 734

For the enterprise requirement "Compliance requires a formal rotation process for customer-managed KMS keys without breaking historical ciphertext", the team implemented this change: Configure supported KMS key rotation policy and validate old ciphertext decrypt behavior under the same logical key. Which outcome is the most meaningful acceptance test?

  1. Security Hub centrally displays eligible standardized findings with source context preserved
  2. The stack tolerates the injected zonal fault and stop alarms terminate experiments as planned
  3. Existing and new participating accounts report eligible findings to the delegated administrator
  4. New cryptographic material is used when rotation occurs while previously encrypted data remains decryptable

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. KMS key rotation retains ability to decrypt data encrypted with earlier key material. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Compliance requires a formal rotation process for customer-managed KMS keys without breaking historical ciphertext.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Security Hub centrally displays eligible standardized findings with source context preserved. However, this does not establish the required outcome: new cryptographic material is used when rotation occurs while previously encrypted data remains decryptable.

B:

The stack tolerates the injected zonal fault and stop alarms terminate experiments as planned. However, this does not establish the required outcome: new cryptographic material is used when rotation occurs while previously encrypted data remains decryptable.

C:

Existing and new participating accounts report eligible findings to the delegated administrator. However, this does not establish the required outcome: new cryptographic material is used when rotation occurs while previously encrypted data remains decryptable.

Question 735

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A global web application must fail over to a secondary Region if the primary public endpoint becomes unhealthy. Which proposed change addresses the stated constraint most directly?

  1. Place an SQS queue between submission and processing, with appropriately scaled consumers and DLQ policy
  2. Set up IAM Identity Center account assignments with role-scoped permission sets and centralized joiner-leaver management
  3. Use Route 53 failover records with health checks and independently deployed regional stacks
  4. Enable EventBridge event-bus archive and replay for eligible matching events

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Route 53 health-check failover can redirect future DNS resolutions between operational regional endpoints. The required architecture outcome is: A global web application must fail over to a secondary Region if the primary public endpoint becomes unhealthy. Validate this choice by checking that A synthetic endpoint failure directs new DNS resolutions to the secondary healthy stack within the planned TTL behavior.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Synchronous request-to-database coupling loses or rejects work whenever the database is unavailable. The specific problem here is that the backup Region exists but DNS routing never changes after primary endpoint failure.

B:

Each business unit manually maintains duplicative IAM users in workload accounts. The specific problem here is that the backup Region exists but DNS routing never changes after primary endpoint failure.

D:

No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage. The specific problem here is that the backup Region exists but DNS routing never changes after primary endpoint failure.

Question 736

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: Finance collects optimizer suggestions from Compute Optimizer, Trusted Advisor and cost dashboards but counts the same recommendation more than once. Which selection is defensible under the given constraints?

  1. Enable detailed Cost and Usage Reports with cost categories or properly activated allocation tags
  2. Use Cost Optimization Hub for supported consolidated recommendations and track deduplicated savings
  3. Use S3 Storage Lens or inventory analytics and implement targeted lifecycle cleanup rules
  4. Build CloudWatch operational dashboards with service-specific metrics, structured logging, and correlation identifiers

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Consolidated savings recommendations should not be summed blindly across sources. The required architecture outcome is: Finance collects optimizer suggestions from Compute Optimizer, Trusted Advisor and cost dashboards but counts the same recommendation more than once. Validate this choice by checking that Finance reports one adjusted opportunity per overlapping recommendation source.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Shared costs are assigned by arbitrary percentage without service consumption evidence. The specific problem here is that potential savings from the same infrastructure change are double counted in separate reports.

C:

Dormant storage versions and partial uploads accumulate without inventory or lifecycle governance. The specific problem here is that potential savings from the same infrastructure change are double counted in separate reports.

D:

Metrics and logs are not organized into actionable per-service operational signals. The specific problem here is that potential savings from the same infrastructure change are double counted in separate reports.

Question 737

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A compliance dataset is rarely accessed after 90 days but must remain recoverable with several-hour retrieval tolerance. What was most likely overlooked in the original design?

  1. Unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured
  2. Objects remain indefinitely in higher-cost storage despite a proven low-access retention pattern
  3. S3 calls egress through NAT because no supported endpoint route was configured
  4. Storage capacity was fixed without safe growth management under variable data requirements

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Lifecycle transitions reduce storage expense only if retrieval and minimum-duration constraints fit. The appropriate correction is: Configure S3 lifecycle transitions to a suitable archival storage class and test retrieval times. The control should then be tested by verifying that Objects transition after the configured age and can be restored within the business retrieval target.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured. The stated evidence instead indicates: Objects remain indefinitely in higher-cost storage despite a proven low-access retention pattern.

C:

S3 calls egress through NAT because no supported endpoint route was configured. The stated evidence instead indicates: Objects remain indefinitely in higher-cost storage despite a proven low-access retention pattern.

D:

Storage capacity was fixed without safe growth management under variable data requirements. The stated evidence instead indicates: Objects remain indefinitely in higher-cost storage despite a proven low-access retention pattern.

Question 738

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A DynamoDB table receives unpredictable read request bursts causing throttling during seasonal peaks. Which failure mechanism should the team correct?

  1. Engineers scale CPU without analyzing database lock waits or expensive SQL
  2. One overbroad bucket-level policy grants both teams access to all data
  3. gp2 capacity-linked performance assumptions lead to wasteful storage growth
  4. Capacity planning ignores demand spikes or hot keys that concentrate requests

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. DynamoDB throughput requires sufficient mode capacity and key-distribution design. The appropriate correction is: Evaluate on-demand capacity or auto scaling where appropriate and check hot partition keys. The control should then be tested by verifying that Burst replay avoids throttling while partition-level demand remains within supported constraints.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Engineers scale CPU without analyzing database lock waits or expensive SQL. The stated evidence instead indicates: Capacity planning ignores demand spikes or hot keys that concentrate requests.

B:

One overbroad bucket-level policy grants both teams access to all data. The stated evidence instead indicates: Capacity planning ignores demand spikes or hot keys that concentrate requests.

C:

Gp2 capacity-linked performance assumptions lead to wasteful storage growth. The stated evidence instead indicates: Capacity planning ignores demand spikes or hot keys that concentrate requests.

Question 739

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A Kinesis data stream has increasing write throttling because producers exceed the capacity of its current shard configuration. Which architecture decision best meets that precise requirement?

  1. Evaluate EFS throughput and performance modes and provision an appropriate supported throughput setting
  2. Enable and configure supported RDS storage autoscaling limits and monitor growth patterns
  3. Adjust stream capacity mode or shard count and confirm partition key distribution
  4. Use ElastiCache Redis/Valkey-compatible cache with a suitable eviction and high-availability design

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Kinesis stream performance depends on provisioned or on-demand capacity and balanced partition keys. The required architecture outcome is: A Kinesis data stream has increasing write throttling because producers exceed the capacity of its current shard configuration. Validate this choice by checking that Records are ingested within supported throughput limits without hot-shard throttling under replayed load.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The shared file system's throughput mode or credit availability constrains parallel clients. The specific problem here is that stream shard limits or skewed partition keys cannot handle incoming record throughput.

B:

Storage capacity was fixed without safe growth management under variable data requirements. The specific problem here is that stream shard limits or skewed partition keys cannot handle incoming record throughput.

D:

Instance-local caches cannot share consistent ephemeral state across horizontally scaled hosts. The specific problem here is that stream shard limits or skewed partition keys cannot handle incoming record throughput.

Question 740

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: Variable monthly expenses must trigger alerts for unusual spending spikes without predefined per-service thresholds. Which architecture decision best meets that precise requirement?

  1. Use Compute Optimizer and validate monitoring data before right-sizing eligible instances
  2. Set up AWS Cost Anomaly Detection with relevant monitors and alert subscriptions
  3. Share the eligible Transit Gateway using AWS Resource Access Manager and explicit attachment routing permissions
  4. Activate standardized cost allocation tags and enforce tagging through governance processes

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Cost Anomaly Detection learns spending patterns and flags unusual expenditures. The required architecture outcome is: Variable monthly expenses must trigger alerts for unusual spending spikes without predefined per-service thresholds. Validate this choice by checking that A synthetic or observed unusual cost pattern appears in anomaly alerts with impacted spend drivers.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Instances were resized from average CPU alone despite memory or traffic constraints. The specific problem here is that static budgets cannot explain or detect each atypical spend pattern promptly.

C:

Each application team is provisioning its own disconnected backbone gateway. The specific problem here is that static budgets cannot explain or detect each atypical spend pattern promptly.

D:

Resource tags were never activated as billing cost allocation dimensions. The specific problem here is that static budgets cannot explain or detect each atypical spend pattern promptly.