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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 79

Question 780

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Two Regions are deployed but customer requests stay routed to the failed primary endpoint indefinitely. Requirement B: A shared S3 estate has ballooning noncurrent versions, incomplete multipart uploads and forgotten small objects. Select TWO actions, one for each independently scoped requirement.

  1. Use S3 Storage Lens or inventory analytics and implement targeted lifecycle cleanup rules
  2. Configure and verify Route 53 failover records with endpoint health checks and explicit secondary routing
  3. Build CloudWatch operational dashboards with service-specific metrics, structured logging, and correlation identifiers
  4. Inventory unattached EBS volumes and delete or archive approved volumes after snapshot and ownership checks
  5. Configure readiness probes, deployment surge policy and graceful termination semantics

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A shared S3 estate has ballooning noncurrent versions, incomplete multipart uploads and forgotten small objects. S3 analytics and lifecycle rules target recoverable storage waste when retention is respected. A direct acceptance check is: Identified buckets show smaller unnecessary version and multipart storage after retention-safe cleanup.

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Two Regions are deployed but customer requests stay routed to the failed primary endpoint indefinitely. DNS failover needs a health-signal and routing policy that actually switches answers. A direct acceptance check is: After a simulated endpoint failure, new DNS queries return the secondary healthy Region.

Incorrect Answers

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Service owners cannot separate API traffic incidents from infrastructure incidents across ten microservices. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Meaningful dashboards align telemetry with system service boundaries and indicators; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: Operations retains detached EBS volumes after instance termination and pays for unused storage for months. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. EBS storage billing continues for allocated volumes until they are deleted or otherwise changed; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: An EKS service experiences 503 errors during rolling updates because pods accept traffic before dependencies initialize. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Readiness and graceful termination controls reduce errors during normal rolling changes; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 781

An architecture review recommends this solution: Integrate AWS Health organizational events with EventBridge alerts and owner routing. The motivating situation is: A platform team learns about upcoming service maintenance only after workloads start failing. Why does this approach fit the stated design constraints?

  1. CloudFormation drift assessment detects deviations from supported template-managed resource properties
  2. Savings Plan decisions require evidence about coverage and utilization of eligible compute
  3. Operational excellence requires observable application SLOs tied to business-critical behavior
  4. AWS Health can surface AWS-side events relevant to affected resources and accounts

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Integrate AWS Health organizational events with EventBridge alerts and owner routing. The expected supporting evidence is: Simulated or published applicable Health events reach the responsible operations group before planned impact.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Console edits accumulate because no one compares deployed state with infrastructure definitions. The stated evidence instead indicates: Service-specific Health notifications are not routed into incident processes.

B:

Capacity commitments are purchased solely from forecast without checking historical eligible use. The stated evidence instead indicates: Service-specific Health notifications are not routed into incident processes.

C:

Engineers measure host utilization but not the outcomes experienced by users. The stated evidence instead indicates: Service-specific Health notifications are not routed into incident processes.

Question 782

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A steady service has predictable cross-family compute usage and seeks discounts without binding to one EC2 instance family. Requirement B: A platform team deploys the same baseline IAM roles and configuration stacks into 70 governed member accounts. Select TWO independent changes that meet the named requirements.

  1. Add pipeline quality gates and explicit approval conditions prior to production deployment
  2. Configure CloudFront caching with appropriate TTL, cache keys and regional origin controls
  3. Evaluate Compute Savings Plans at a supported commitment level for the stable baseline
  4. Evaluate a serverless API Gateway and Lambda architecture with cold-start and concurrency testing
  5. Use CloudFormation StackSets with the appropriate organization deployment permissions and guarded account or OU targeting

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A steady service has predictable cross-family compute usage and seeks discounts without binding to one EC2 instance family. Compute Savings Plans discount eligible compute spending with an hourly commitment. A direct acceptance check is: Actual eligible usage receives commitment coverage while variable spikes remain flexible.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A platform team deploys the same baseline IAM roles and configuration stacks into 70 governed member accounts. CloudFormation StackSets manages stack instances across accounts and Regions from a controlled template. A direct acceptance check is: A newly added target account receives the intended stack instances while an excluded OU does not.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A payment service must block production release if vulnerability and smoke-test gates fail, even though the build itself succeeded. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Release pipelines should verify deployment risk and acceptance criteria beyond build success; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A global static web application experiences high latency because users repeatedly fetch unchanged assets from one Region. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. CloudFront edge caching reduces origin fetches for cacheable content; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: A rarely used API experiences extreme idle hours and unpredictable spikes, making always-on EC2 capacity uneconomic. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Serverless consumption models can reduce idle infrastructure charges for intermittent traffic; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 783

For the enterprise requirement "Multiple production CloudFormation stacks are routinely modified directly in the console after deployment", the team implemented this change: Run CloudFormation drift detection with planned change sets and reconcile unintended differences. Which outcome is the most meaningful acceptance test?

  1. Deliberately changed parameters are reported as drift and corrected through approved IaC updates
  2. A retry resumes the failed state without independently rerunning successful steps and errors are visible in execution history
  3. Logs identify blocked and counted requests by rule so false positives can be evaluated
  4. A deliberately noncompliant bucket triggers the configured corrective control and audit records

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. CloudFormation drift assessment detects deviations from supported template-managed resource properties. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Multiple production CloudFormation stacks are routinely modified directly in the console after deployment.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A retry resumes the failed state without independently rerunning successful steps and errors are visible in execution history. However, this does not establish the required outcome: deliberately changed parameters are reported as drift and corrected through approved IaC updates.

C:

Logs identify blocked and counted requests by rule so false positives can be evaluated. However, this does not establish the required outcome: deliberately changed parameters are reported as drift and corrected through approved IaC updates.

D:

A deliberately noncompliant bucket triggers the configured corrective control and audit records. However, this does not establish the required outcome: deliberately changed parameters are reported as drift and corrected through approved IaC updates.

Question 784

An architecture review recommends this solution: Use the applicable interface and gateway VPC endpoints and restrict endpoint policies and subnet routes as needed. The motivating situation is: An EC2 application requires private access to AWS Secrets Manager and S3 without traversing public network routes. What principle supports the selected implementation?

  1. KMS key authorization depends on the owning key policy as well as applicable principal policies
  2. CloudFront OAC signs origin requests and supports restrictive private S3 bucket policies
  3. API Gateway throttle controls bound request rates but callers should handle 429 responses
  4. VPC endpoints provide private connectivity to supported AWS services inside defined network and policy controls

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Use the applicable interface and gateway VPC endpoints and restrict endpoint policies and subnet routes as needed. The expected supporting evidence is: Cloud instances access approved services privately while disallowed API paths are rejected.

Incorrect Answers

A:

IAM principal permission was mistaken for sufficient access despite a restrictive KMS key policy. The stated evidence instead indicates: Service API traffic depends on public egress or an unintended NAT route despite a private-access requirement.

B:

A public bucket policy exposes origin objects outside the intended CloudFront access path. The stated evidence instead indicates: Service API traffic depends on public egress or an unintended NAT route despite a private-access requirement.

C:

Unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured. The stated evidence instead indicates: Service API traffic depends on public egress or an unintended NAT route despite a private-access requirement.

Question 785

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A company uses Direct Connect for normal hybrid traffic but needs encrypted emergency connectivity if carrier circuits fail. Requirement B: A multi-account organization must prevent member accounts from disabling mandatory CloudTrail trails even when local administrators hold broad IAM policies. Choose TWO actions that directly address these separate problems.

  1. Deploy organization-managed AWS Config rules and targeted auto-remediation through approved Systems Manager Automation
  2. Configure redundant site-to-site VPN tunnels as the tested backup to the Direct Connect path
  3. Model expected service usage in AWS Pricing Calculator and compare results against historical billing trends
  4. Apply a targeted Organizations service control policy denying prohibited CloudTrail disablement actions in affected OUs
  5. Establish a Transit Gateway peering attachment and add the appropriate static routes in both Transit Gateway route tables

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A company uses Direct Connect for normal hybrid traffic but needs encrypted emergency connectivity if carrier circuits fail. A tested secondary encrypted tunnel path can carry critical traffic while primary private connectivity is unavailable. A direct acceptance check is: A simulated Direct Connect failure moves approved routes to VPN tunnels and restore reverses route preference.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A multi-account organization must prevent member accounts from disabling mandatory CloudTrail trails even when local administrators hold broad IAM policies. Service control policies set permission ceilings for member account principals and cannot grant access themselves. A direct acceptance check is: An administrator's disable request is denied while an authorized central management path remains available.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: Regulators require consistent detection and correction of publicly accessible S3 buckets across a multi-account organization. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Organization-level Config rules continuously evaluate configuration and can launch controlled remediations; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Capacity planners need a monthly cost forecast that reflects a new Region and expected usage growth before deployment. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Architecture forecasts require explicit usage assumptions rather than extrapolation without design changes; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Two regional Transit Gateways must exchange approved network prefixes without provisioning a separate VPC-to-VPC peering mesh. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Transit Gateway peering requires explicit routing between the regional gateways; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 786

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A public S3 bucket and KMS key unexpectedly trust principals outside the company's AWS organization. Requirement B: A customer-facing Lambda API has unacceptable first-request latency after inactive periods despite low average invocation cost. Which TWO recommendations jointly satisfy requirements A and B?

  1. Integrate AWS Health organizational events with EventBridge alerts and owner routing
  2. Run IAM Access Analyzer external-access findings scoped to the organization and fix the exact resource policies
  3. Use CloudWatch Database Insights to identify RDS database load by SQL statements and wait events before changing capacity
  4. Aggregate CloudTrail management events with appropriately protected central storage and searchable event records
  5. Configure provisioned concurrency for selected published function aliases with suitable demand planning

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A public S3 bucket and KMS key unexpectedly trust principals outside the company's AWS organization. Access Analyzer detects eligible resource trust outside its zone of trust. A direct acceptance check is: Cross-account access findings identify external principals and clear only when permissions are corrected.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A customer-facing Lambda API has unacceptable first-request latency after inactive periods despite low average invocation cost. Lambda provisioned concurrency keeps selected execution environments initialized to reduce startup latency. A direct acceptance check is: Cold-start spikes fall for provisioned requests and concurrency utilization stays within budget.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A platform team learns about upcoming service maintenance only after workloads start failing. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS Health can surface AWS-side events relevant to affected resources and accounts; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A transactional RDS instance becomes slow under concurrency and the team needs to distinguish SQL waits from CPU pressure. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Database performance diagnostics should identify the specific bottleneck before scaling; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: An incident reviewer needs a timeline of a suspicious IAM policy change made across member accounts. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. CloudTrail API event evidence supports investigation of changes to account control-plane resources; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 787

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A shared S3 data lake gives two analytics teams unnecessarily broad bucket access. Requirement B: A high-throughput EC2 network service shows packet processing CPU saturation and must exploit modern instance network acceleration. Choose TWO remedies that meet A and B respectively.

  1. Enable supported Container Insights telemetry for task and service performance diagnostics
  2. Configure organization-wide GuardDuty administration with supported automatic enrollment and region strategy
  3. Use compatible enhanced networking drivers and appropriately sized instance network bandwidth
  4. Use S3 Access Points or carefully scoped bucket policies to isolate each team's required object prefixes
  5. Use S3 Storage Lens or inventory analytics and implement targeted lifecycle cleanup rules

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A high-throughput EC2 network service shows packet processing CPU saturation and must exploit modern instance network acceleration. Enhanced networking capabilities require compatible instance types and operating-system drivers. A direct acceptance check is: Representative traffic reaches required throughput with improved CPU efficiency and no driver errors.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A shared S3 data lake gives two analytics teams unnecessarily broad bucket access. S3 Access Points can support distinct access policies for shared buckets. A direct acceptance check is: Team A reads only its permitted dataset and an attempt to fetch team B's restricted dataset is rejected.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: An ECS fleet is experiencing p99 delays but per-container CPU and memory usage are absent from operational dashboards. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Container Insights provides enhanced telemetry for container infrastructure; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: The security team manages GuardDuty separately in 50 accounts and misses newly created member accounts. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Central GuardDuty administration supports ongoing multi-account detection enrollment; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: A shared S3 estate has ballooning noncurrent versions, incomplete multipart uploads and forgotten small objects. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. S3 analytics and lifecycle rules target recoverable storage waste when retention is respected; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 788

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A company wants to identify IAM permissions that have not been used recently before removing high-risk privileges. Which failure mechanism should the team correct?

  1. Resource-based trust was not evaluated beyond local IAM identity permission reports
  2. Uncorrelated logs hide where the end-to-end latency accumulates
  3. Role policies retain privileges indefinitely without evidence about actual service usage
  4. Teams confuse key material rotation with replacing the KMS key ID and losing access to old data

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Last-accessed data informs least-privilege reviews but does not prove a permission is universally unnecessary. The appropriate correction is: Review IAM Access Advisor last-accessed information with supported CloudTrail evidence and workload ownership confirmation. The control should then be tested by verifying that Candidates for removal have verified inactivity context and revocation tests do not break approved workflows.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Resource-based trust was not evaluated beyond local IAM identity permission reports. The stated evidence instead indicates: Role policies retain privileges indefinitely without evidence about actual service usage.

B:

Uncorrelated logs hide where the end-to-end latency accumulates. The stated evidence instead indicates: Role policies retain privileges indefinitely without evidence about actual service usage.

D:

Teams confuse key material rotation with replacing the KMS key ID and losing access to old data. The stated evidence instead indicates: Role policies retain privileges indefinitely without evidence about actual service usage.

Question 789

For the enterprise requirement "Workloads require a stateful firewall policy between centralized network segments, including domain-aware egress filtering", the team implemented this change: Deploy AWS Network Firewall with correct subnet endpoint routing and stateful rule groups. Which observation should be required before the change is approved?

  1. The abusive source crosses its request threshold and is blocked without blocking allowed sample traffic
  2. A regional drill scales warm standby to full capacity within the stated recovery time and data tolerance
  3. Cloud instances access approved services privately while disallowed API paths are rejected
  4. Approved flows pass and test policy-violating flows are logged and blocked in both traffic directions

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Network Firewall enforces stateful network rules only on traffic routed through its endpoints. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Workloads require a stateful firewall policy between centralized network segments, including domain-aware egress filtering.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The abusive source crosses its request threshold and is blocked without blocking allowed sample traffic. However, this does not establish the required outcome: approved flows pass and test policy-violating flows are logged and blocked in both traffic directions.

B:

A regional drill scales warm standby to full capacity within the stated recovery time and data tolerance. However, this does not establish the required outcome: approved flows pass and test policy-violating flows are logged and blocked in both traffic directions.

C:

Cloud instances access approved services privately while disallowed API paths are rejected. However, this does not establish the required outcome: approved flows pass and test policy-violating flows are logged and blocked in both traffic directions.

Question 790

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A business database needs a low-downtime migration from on-premises PostgreSQL to Amazon RDS PostgreSQL. Requirement B: A monolithic Windows process has been decomposed into HTTP services that can run in managed containers without operating its own servers. Choose TWO actions that directly address these separate problems.

  1. Modernize to an appropriately configured Amazon Aurora cluster with multi-AZ storage and tested failover
  2. Introduce change data capture and an event stream or bus with replay and idempotent consumers
  3. Package services into supported containers and deploy with ECS on Fargate and scalable load balancing
  4. Reserve an AWS Data Transfer Terminal session and bring compatible encrypted storage to upload through its high-bandwidth AWS connection
  5. Use AWS DMS full load plus change data capture with compatible schema and monitored replication task

Explanation

Correct Answers

C:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A monolithic Windows process has been decomposed into HTTP services that can run in managed containers without operating its own servers. Fargate can run supported ECS container tasks without customer-managed worker hosts. A direct acceptance check is: Services scale independently and teams do not manage EC2 container worker hosts.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A business database needs a low-downtime migration from on-premises PostgreSQL to Amazon RDS PostgreSQL. AWS DMS can move data using full load and ongoing CDC for supported sources. A direct acceptance check is: Destination rows converge with source changes and validated CDC lag allows the final switchover.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A legacy database must meet high transactional availability and can accept conversion to an Aurora-compatible engine. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Aurora offers managed high availability features for supported relational engines; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: A legacy billing system runs nightly ETL and downstream consumers need near-real-time invoice changes. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. CDC-based event distribution can modernize delayed batch data propagation; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: An AWS Enterprise Support research customer needs to migrate tens of terabytes from a remote site with unreliable network links and can bring storage to a nearby AWS transfer facility. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS Data Transfer Terminal allows eligible Enterprise Support customers to bring storage to an AWS transfer site; AWS Snowball Edge is no longer available to new customers; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.