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Microsoft SC-900 Bundle

Exam Code: SC-900

Exam Name Microsoft Security, Compliance, and Identity Fundamentals

Certification Provider: Microsoft

Corresponding Certification: Microsoft Certified: Security, Compliance, and Identity Fundamentals

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Microsoft SC-900 Practice Test 19

Question 180

At the Dartwood online learning platform, a background process requests Microsoft Graph delegated scopes even though no user will sign in. Which ongoing control best prevents this issue from recurring?

  1. Review user-assigned identity consumers when cloud resources are removed
  2. Reassess authentication strength requirements after phishing incidents
  3. Practice account containment procedures during identity incident drills
  4. Review app-only privileges and tenant consent for background services

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This control works beyond the initial remediation because it requires the team to review app-only privileges and tenant consent for background services. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Dartwood online learning platform.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That routine supports system-assigned versus user-assigned identity, but the relevant ongoing risk requires the team to review app-only privileges and tenant consent for background services. For the Dartwood online learning platform, the direct corrective action is to use suitable application permissions for an approved app-only operation and govern administrator consent.

B:

The suggested review does not track the condition behind the incident. Sustained improvement requires the team to review app-only privileges and tenant consent for background services. For the Dartwood online learning platform, the direct corrective action is to use suitable application permissions for an approved app-only operation and govern administrator consent.

C:

Practice account containment procedures during identity incident drills is not the primary recurring safeguard for this problem. The team should review app-only privileges and tenant consent for background services. For the Dartwood online learning platform, the direct corrective action is to use suitable application permissions for an approved app-only operation and govern administrator consent.

Question 181

At the Silverport professional services partnership, a relying application needs a user's department for policy but the identity configuration never releases that approved attribute. Which implementation choice best addresses the situation?

  1. Create a governed application or workload identity with only the necessary application permissions
  2. Use supported Microsoft Entra smart lockout protections to disrupt repeated unsuccessful attempts
  3. Target the exact security group and validate inclusions and exclusions before enabling the rule
  4. Configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The primary failure mode is that an identity provider cannot supply a useful attribute to the app unless it is present and mapped into the expected assertion. The proposed action directly fixes it by requiring the team to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application; afterward, verify that a test token contains the approved department claim with the correct value and no extra confidential attributes. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Silverport professional services partnership.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This alternative would be suitable where noninteractive processes should authenticate as workload identities instead of depending on human sign-in sessions. It does not by itself resolve the need to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application. For the Silverport professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application.

B:

Use supported Microsoft Entra smart lockout protections to disrupt repeated unsuccessful attempts addresses a different kind of problem: rate and lockout protections reduce repeated password-guessing opportunities without making every incorrect attempt a permanent ban. Here the reported weakness is that an identity provider cannot supply a useful attribute to the app unless it is present and mapped into the expected assertion. For the Silverport professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application.

C:

The option addresses the separate situation where policy evaluation depends on matched identities and selected assignments rather than the administrator's informal description. For this case, the more appropriate response is to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application. For the Silverport professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application.

Question 182

At the Silverport professional services partnership, a relying application needs a user's department for policy but the identity configuration never releases that approved attribute. What risk should the team identify as the primary issue?

  1. A tenant represents an organization's identity directory and application trust configuration
  2. Two knowledge-only secrets do not necessarily represent different authentication factor types
  3. Properly configured self-service recovery can reduce helpdesk workload while verifying the user's recovery identity
  4. An identity provider cannot supply a useful attribute to the app unless it is present and mapped into the expected assertion

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The specific data failure is that an identity provider cannot supply a useful attribute to the app unless it is present and mapped into the expected assertion. It can be addressed through the controlled change to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Silverport professional services partnership.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This explanation belongs to a different security or compliance situation. In this case, the observable gap is that an identity provider cannot supply a useful attribute to the app unless it is present and mapped into the expected assertion. For the Silverport professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application.

B:

Two knowledge-only secrets do not necessarily represent different authentication factor types. That may occur elsewhere, but the evidence at the Silverport professional services partnership instead points to the fact that an identity provider cannot supply a useful attribute to the app unless it is present and mapped into the expected assertion.

C:

The proposed cause is relevant to self-service password reset, but it does not explain why an identity provider cannot supply a useful attribute to the app unless it is present and mapped into the expected assertion in the reported case. For the Silverport professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application.

Question 183

At the Silverport professional services partnership, a relying application needs a user's department for policy but the identity configuration never releases that approved attribute. What is the strongest acceptance test for this change?

  1. A function successfully reads its approved secret without a client secret in application settings
  2. The operator reads the designated storage diagnostics while a write attempt on unrelated resources is denied
  3. A test token contains the approved department claim with the correct value and no extra confidential attributes
  4. A pilot user signs in using the registered security key and a spoofed-origin attempt fails authentication

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This tests the real business behavior: a test token contains the approved department claim with the correct value and no extra confidential attributes. It specifically checks whether the risk that an identity provider cannot supply a useful attribute to the app unless it is present and mapped into the expected assertion has been reduced. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Silverport professional services partnership.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That observation may be useful for another security or compliance workflow, but the current acceptance test must demonstrate that a test token contains the approved department claim with the correct value and no extra confidential attributes. For the Silverport professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application.

B:

At the Silverport professional services partnership, a result about role-based access control scope would not show that the team corrected the failure where an identity provider cannot supply a useful attribute to the app unless it is present and mapped into the expected assertion.

D:

This result would validate passwordless fido2 security key, not the intended improvement. The needed observation is that a test token contains the approved department claim with the correct value and no extra confidential attributes. For the Silverport professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application.

Question 184

At the Silverport professional services partnership, a relying application needs a user's department for policy but the identity configuration never releases that approved attribute. Which setting or practice should be reviewed in future?

  1. Review application identity integration as cloud services are adopted
  2. Review attribute mappings and privacy needs after application changes
  3. Review PIM activation policies and approver coverage periodically
  4. Review custom role definitions after services add operations

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This control works beyond the initial remediation because it requires the team to review attribute mappings and privacy needs after application changes. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Silverport professional services partnership.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Review application identity integration as cloud services are adopted is not the primary recurring safeguard for this problem. The team should review attribute mappings and privacy needs after application changes. For the Silverport professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application.

C:

The option would have the team review PIM activation policies and approver coverage periodically. For this situation, the preventive control should instead be to review attribute mappings and privacy needs after application changes. For the Silverport professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application.

D:

Although the proposed practice may address cases where role design should match actual permitted actions rather than copying the broadest available administrator, it does not maintain the specific correction here. For the Silverport professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to configure supported claims or user attribute mapping for the authorized relying application.

Question 185

At the Elmhurst transportation company, a partner collaboration configuration permits more organizations than the intended partner and external users enter through default trust. Which corrective action best meets the requirement?

  1. Use the documented password hash synchronization method without exporting plaintext application passwords
  2. Issue an appropriately scoped Temporary Access Pass through an approved identity recovery workflow
  3. Configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships
  4. Enable the eligible Microsoft Authenticator passwordless sign-in method under organizational policy

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The reported facts support this change rather than a general platform replacement. The team should configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships because external identity access must be governed at the organization boundary rather than assuming every tenant is trusted equally. A suitable test confirms that a partner from an allowed tenant accesses the approved application while an unrelated tenant is blocked. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Elmhurst transportation company.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The option addresses the separate situation where password hash synchronization uses a derived hash mechanism rather than forwarding users' original plaintext passwords to cloud applications. For this case, the more appropriate response is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships. For the Elmhurst transportation company, the direct corrective action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships.

B:

This focuses on temporary access pass recovery; it does not directly correct the condition that external identity access must be governed at the organization boundary rather than assuming every tenant is trusted equally. For the Elmhurst transportation company, the direct corrective action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships.

D:

The suggested action is to enable the eligible Microsoft Authenticator passwordless sign-in method under organizational policy, but the facts at the Elmhurst transportation company require a correction for the distinct problem that external identity access must be governed at the organization boundary rather than assuming every tenant is trusted equally.

Question 186

At the Elmhurst transportation company, a partner collaboration configuration permits more organizations than the intended partner and external users enter through default trust. Which underlying issue most directly explains this situation?

  1. Cloud-native Entra user accounts do not require an on-premises AD DS domain for basic cloud sign-in
  2. External identity access must be governed at the organization boundary rather than assuming every tenant is trusted equally
  3. Role and group membership changes over time can outlive the business justification for access
  4. Tracking why an elevated role was used improves accountability for privileged operations

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The specific data failure is that external identity access must be governed at the organization boundary rather than assuming every tenant is trusted equally. It can be addressed through the controlled change to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Elmhurst transportation company.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The proposed cause is relevant to cloud-only versus hybrid user, but it does not explain why external identity access must be governed at the organization boundary rather than assuming every tenant is trusted equally in the reported case. For the Elmhurst transportation company, the direct corrective action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships.

C:

The case does not describe the failure mode involving access review group membership. Its core issue is that external identity access must be governed at the organization boundary rather than assuming every tenant is trusted equally. For the Elmhurst transportation company, the direct corrective action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships.

D:

Although tracking why an elevated role was used improves accountability for privileged operations, the presented symptoms do not support that as the primary cause; they indicate that external identity access must be governed at the organization boundary rather than assuming every tenant is trusted equally. For the Elmhurst transportation company, the direct corrective action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships.

Question 187

At the Elmhurst transportation company, a partner collaboration configuration permits more organizations than the intended partner and external users enter through default trust. What evidence would justify considering this concern addressed?

  1. A decommissioned test app no longer receives tokens or accesses the previously granted resource
  2. A requester's attempt to approve their own high-impact elevation is rejected under the defined policy
  3. A partner from an allowed tenant accesses the approved application while an unrelated tenant is blocked
  4. An assigned employee enters the app while an unassigned user from the same tenant is denied

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

At the Elmhurst transportation company, evidence that a partner from an allowed tenant accesses the approved application while an unrelated tenant is blocked directly validates the correction, instead of testing a neighboring service.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The alternative checks whether a decommissioned test app no longer receives tokens or accesses the previously granted resource, which is not the direct acceptance criterion for the stated problem. The required result is that a partner from an allowed tenant accesses the approved application while an unrelated tenant is blocked. For the Elmhurst transportation company, the direct corrective action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships.

B:

This result would validate separation of duties approvals, not the intended improvement. The needed observation is that a partner from an allowed tenant accesses the approved application while an unrelated tenant is blocked. For the Elmhurst transportation company, the direct corrective action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships.

D:

The cited result is too remote from the corrective action to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships. The direct evidence should show that a partner from an allowed tenant accesses the approved application while an unrelated tenant is blocked. For the Elmhurst transportation company, the direct corrective action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships.

Question 188

At the Elmhurst transportation company, a partner collaboration configuration permits more organizations than the intended partner and external users enter through default trust. How should the organization sustain the improvement?

  1. Audit partner tenant access settings when contracts expire
  2. Validate tenant ownership before registering new applications
  3. Review named location IP ranges when network providers change
  4. Review targeted applications and exclusions during payroll app changes

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The team should audit partner tenant access settings when contracts expire. That recurring practice targets the same weakness, namely that external identity access must be governed at the organization boundary rather than assuming every tenant is trusted equally. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Elmhurst transportation company.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Although the proposed practice may address cases where a tenant represents an organization's identity directory and application trust configuration, it does not maintain the specific correction here. For the Elmhurst transportation company, the direct corrective action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships.

C:

That routine supports conditional access location policy, but the relevant ongoing risk requires the team to audit partner tenant access settings when contracts expire. For the Elmhurst transportation company, the direct corrective action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships.

D:

The suggested review does not track the condition behind the incident. Sustained improvement requires the team to audit partner tenant access settings when contracts expire. For the Elmhurst transportation company, the direct corrective action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships.

Question 189

At the Riverbrook professional services partnership, old application service principals remain active after the applications are decommissioned. Which approach best resolves the identified risk?

  1. Inventory and retire unused Microsoft Entra enterprise applications and their service principals
  2. Configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships
  3. Use eligible time-limited role activation when supported for intermittent privileged work
  4. Distinguish sign-in risk and user risk when selecting supported identity protection policies

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The reported facts support this change rather than a general platform replacement. The team should inventory and retire unused Microsoft Entra enterprise applications and their service principals because inactive workload identities can retain permissions even after their original business purpose ends. A suitable test confirms that a decommissioned test app no longer receives tokens or accesses the previously granted resource. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Riverbrook professional services partnership.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The suggested action is to configure cross-tenant inbound and outbound access settings for the intended partner relationships, but the facts at the Riverbrook professional services partnership require a correction for the distinct problem that inactive workload identities can retain permissions even after their original business purpose ends.

C:

This alternative would be suitable where permanent elevated assignments expand exposure outside the period when administrative action is necessary. It does not by itself resolve the need to inventory and retire unused Microsoft Entra enterprise applications and their service principals. For the Riverbrook professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to inventory and retire unused Microsoft Entra enterprise applications and their service principals.

D:

Distinguish sign-in risk and user risk when selecting supported identity protection policies addresses a different kind of problem: risk associated with a particular authentication attempt differs from the risk that an account identity itself may be compromised. Here the reported weakness is that inactive workload identities can retain permissions even after their original business purpose ends. For the Riverbrook professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to inventory and retire unused Microsoft Entra enterprise applications and their service principals.

Question 190

At the Riverbrook professional services partnership, old application service principals remain active after the applications are decommissioned. Which explanation best accounts for the concern?

  1. Inactive workload identities can retain permissions even after their original business purpose ends
  2. Cloud and on-premises directories need an explicit synchronization approach rather than assuming identical user objects exist automatically
  3. Some identity access features require additional Entra licensing beyond basic directory service
  4. Properly configured self-service recovery can reduce helpdesk workload while verifying the user's recovery identity

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The strongest explanation is that inactive workload identities can retain permissions even after their original business purpose ends. This accounts for the outcome and supports the action to inventory and retire unused Microsoft Entra enterprise applications and their service principals. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Riverbrook professional services partnership.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Although cloud and on-premises directories need an explicit synchronization approach rather than assuming identical user objects exist automatically, the presented symptoms do not support that as the primary cause; they indicate that inactive workload identities can retain permissions even after their original business purpose ends. For the Riverbrook professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to inventory and retire unused Microsoft Entra enterprise applications and their service principals.

C:

This explanation belongs to a different security or compliance situation. In this case, the observable gap is that inactive workload identities can retain permissions even after their original business purpose ends. For the Riverbrook professional services partnership, the direct corrective action is to inventory and retire unused Microsoft Entra enterprise applications and their service principals.

D:

Properly configured self-service recovery can reduce helpdesk workload while verifying the user's recovery identity. That may occur elsewhere, but the evidence at the Riverbrook professional services partnership instead points to the fact that inactive workload identities can retain permissions even after their original business purpose ends.