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Microsoft SC-900 Bundle

Exam Code: SC-900

Exam Name Microsoft Security, Compliance, and Identity Fundamentals

Certification Provider: Microsoft

Corresponding Certification: Microsoft Certified: Security, Compliance, and Identity Fundamentals

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Microsoft Security, Compliance, and Identity Fundamentals (SC-900) Practice Tests

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Microsoft SC-900 Practice Test 5

Question 40

At the Stonehaven cloud software developer, an operations team plans to recover an original password from a cryptographic digest stored in its database. Which setting or practice should be reviewed in future?

  1. Review residual risk acceptance after changes to insurance or controls
  2. Review directory service dependencies before changing authentication infrastructure
  3. Review ownership and credentials for nonhuman identities periodically
  4. Review password storage algorithms as security recommendations evolve

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

For the Stonehaven cloud software developer, this maintenance action preserves the fix: review password storage algorithms as security recommendations evolve. It should be revisited as the workload evolves.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Review residual risk acceptance after changes to insurance or controls is not the primary recurring safeguard for this problem. The team should review password storage algorithms as security recommendations evolve. For the Stonehaven cloud software developer, the direct corrective action is to use properly salted one-way password hashing for password verification rather than reversible password storage.

B:

This is a maintenance action for a different security or compliance situation, rather than the one that originally failed because a cryptographic hash is intended to support comparison and integrity checks rather than restore the original message. For the Stonehaven cloud software developer, the direct corrective action is to use properly salted one-way password hashing for password verification rather than reversible password storage.

C:

The option would have the team review ownership and credentials for nonhuman identities periodically. For this situation, the preventive control should instead be to review password storage algorithms as security recommendations evolve. For the Stonehaven cloud software developer, the direct corrective action is to use properly salted one-way password hashing for password verification rather than reversible password storage.

Question 41

At the Goldport insurance organization, a risk register treats a complete service outage as a breach of data secrecy rather than a loss of service. Which corrective action best meets the requirement?

  1. Design internal segmentation monitoring and containment as though an attacker may already have a foothold
  2. Configure supported single sign-on so a valid identity session can be reused across trusted applications
  3. Classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad
  4. Distinguish on-premises Active Directory Domain Services domain capabilities from cloud identity functionality

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The reported facts support this change rather than a general platform replacement. The team should classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad because availability concerns timely access to systems and data whereas confidentiality concerns unauthorized disclosure. A suitable test confirms that a risk workshop maps downtime to availability and an unauthorized data read to confidentiality. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Goldport insurance organization.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The option addresses the separate situation where assume-breach architecture seeks to limit lateral movement and detect suspicious activity inside trusted-looking networks. For this case, the more appropriate response is to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad. For the Goldport insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad.

B:

This focuses on single sign-on experience; it does not directly correct the condition that availability concerns timely access to systems and data whereas confidentiality concerns unauthorized disclosure. For the Goldport insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad.

D:

The suggested action is to distinguish on-premises Active Directory Domain Services domain capabilities from cloud identity functionality, but the facts at the Goldport insurance organization require a correction for the distinct problem that availability concerns timely access to systems and data whereas confidentiality concerns unauthorized disclosure.

Question 42

At the Goldport insurance organization, a risk register treats a complete service outage as a breach of data secrecy rather than a loss of service. Which underlying issue most directly explains this situation?

  1. Assume-breach architecture seeks to limit lateral movement and detect suspicious activity inside trusted-looking networks
  2. A valid identity token proves a trusted assertion but authorization depends on the claims and policies actually present
  3. Availability concerns timely access to systems and data whereas confidentiality concerns unauthorized disclosure
  4. Federation allows separate identity systems to cooperate without requiring every application to store every external user's credentials

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The strongest explanation is that availability concerns timely access to systems and data whereas confidentiality concerns unauthorized disclosure. This accounts for the outcome and supports the action to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Goldport insurance organization.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The proposed cause is relevant to zero trust assume breach, but it does not explain why availability concerns timely access to systems and data whereas confidentiality concerns unauthorized disclosure in the reported case. For the Goldport insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad.

B:

A valid identity token proves a trusted assertion but authorization depends on the claims and policies actually present. That is not the mechanism that accounts for the stated failure at the Goldport insurance organization.

D:

Although federation allows separate identity systems to cooperate without requiring every application to store every external user's credentials, the presented symptoms do not support that as the primary cause; they indicate that availability concerns timely access to systems and data whereas confidentiality concerns unauthorized disclosure. For the Goldport insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad.

Question 43

At the Goldport insurance organization, a risk register treats a complete service outage as a breach of data secrecy rather than a loss of service. What evidence would justify considering this concern addressed?

  1. A risk workshop maps downtime to availability and an unauthorized data read to confidentiality
  2. The risk register distinguishes insured financial exposure from tested protective controls
  3. A terminated test identity loses application access following its recorded offboarding event
  4. An approved user accesses a resource from an allowed location while an unauthorized identity is blocked on the corporate network

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This tests the real business behavior: a risk workshop maps downtime to availability and an unauthorized data read to confidentiality. It specifically checks whether the risk that availability concerns timely access to systems and data whereas confidentiality concerns unauthorized disclosure has been reduced. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Goldport insurance organization.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This result would validate risk treatment avoid transfer mitigate accept, not the intended improvement. The needed observation is that a risk workshop maps downtime to availability and an unauthorized data read to confidentiality. For the Goldport insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad.

C:

This verifies a separate issue in security administration. It does not prove that a risk workshop maps downtime to availability and an unauthorized data read to confidentiality for the reported situation. For the Goldport insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad.

D:

The cited result is too remote from the corrective action to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad. The direct evidence should show that a risk workshop maps downtime to availability and an unauthorized data read to confidentiality. For the Goldport insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad.

Question 44

At the Goldport insurance organization, a risk register treats a complete service outage as a breach of data secrecy rather than a loss of service. How should the organization sustain the improvement?

  1. Reassess the CIA impact of system failures when business services change
  2. Review provider and customer responsibilities whenever subscribing to a new cloud service
  3. Review identity provider trust and account lifecycle as apps are added
  4. Recertify application role scopes when functions change

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The team should reassess the CIA impact of system failures when business services change. That recurring practice targets the same weakness, namely that availability concerns timely access to systems and data whereas confidentiality concerns unauthorized disclosure. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Goldport insurance organization.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Although the proposed practice may address cases where in a SaaS arrangement the provider manages the service stack but the customer remains accountable for its data and authorized users, it does not maintain the specific correction here. For the Goldport insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad.

C:

That routine supports identity provider sign-in service, but the relevant ongoing risk requires the team to reassess the CIA impact of system failures when business services change. For the Goldport insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad.

D:

The suggested review does not track the condition behind the incident. Sustained improvement requires the team to reassess the CIA impact of system failures when business services change. For the Goldport insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to classify the service-outage consequence under availability within the confidentiality integrity availability triad.

Question 45

At the Whitford legal services firm, an organization purchases a compliance reporting tool and assumes documented reports eliminate the underlying cyber risk. Which approach best resolves the identified risk?

  1. Grant only the specific permissions required for helpdesk tasks and limit privileged elevation
  2. Tie provisioning and deprovisioning to a governed identity lifecycle
  3. Separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program
  4. Use a directory service to manage identities and their properties group membership and related lookup data

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This solution addresses the stated limitation: meeting a compliance reporting obligation does not alone prove that the underlying threat exposure has been removed. Implementing it means the team should separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program, then verify that a review identifies policy owners risk treatments and verifiable control evidence as separate deliverables. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Whitford legal services firm.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Grant only the specific permissions required for helpdesk tasks and limit privileged elevation can be useful for another workload, but it leaves the immediate failure unresolved. Here the priority is to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program. For the Whitford legal services firm, the direct corrective action is to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program.

B:

The suggested action is to tie provisioning and deprovisioning to a governed identity lifecycle, but the facts at the Whitford legal services firm require a correction for the distinct problem that meeting a compliance reporting obligation does not alone prove that the underlying threat exposure has been removed.

D:

Use a directory service to manage identities and their properties group membership and related lookup data addresses a different kind of problem: a directory provides organized identity objects and attributes rather than merely an application password prompt. Here the reported weakness is that meeting a compliance reporting obligation does not alone prove that the underlying threat exposure has been removed. For the Whitford legal services firm, the direct corrective action is to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program.

Question 46

At the Whitford legal services firm, an organization purchases a compliance reporting tool and assumes documented reports eliminate the underlying cyber risk. Which explanation best accounts for the concern?

  1. Financial risk transfer can offset loss but does not prevent or technically contain the underlying event
  2. SSO reduces repeated sign-in prompts through a trusted identity session rather than giving users more permissions
  3. Authorization controls permitted actions and excessive write rights are not necessary for a read-only requirement
  4. Meeting a compliance reporting obligation does not alone prove that the underlying threat exposure has been removed

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This identifies the root issue: meeting a compliance reporting obligation does not alone prove that the underlying threat exposure has been removed. At the Whitford legal services firm, the team should therefore separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The case does not describe the failure mode involving risk treatment avoid transfer mitigate accept. Its core issue is that meeting a compliance reporting obligation does not alone prove that the underlying threat exposure has been removed. For the Whitford legal services firm, the direct corrective action is to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program.

B:

Although SSO reduces repeated sign-in prompts through a trusted identity session rather than giving users more permissions, the presented symptoms do not support that as the primary cause; they indicate that meeting a compliance reporting obligation does not alone prove that the underlying threat exposure has been removed. For the Whitford legal services firm, the direct corrective action is to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program.

C:

This explanation belongs to a different security or compliance situation. In this case, the observable gap is that meeting a compliance reporting obligation does not alone prove that the underlying threat exposure has been removed. For the Whitford legal services firm, the direct corrective action is to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program.

Question 47

At the Whitford legal services firm, an organization purchases a compliance reporting tool and assumes documented reports eliminate the underlying cyber risk. Which test result best shows the requirement is met?

  1. A review identifies policy owners risk treatments and verifiable control evidence as separate deliverables
  2. A helpdesk user can perform an approved password reset but cannot change unrelated tenant-wide security settings
  3. A member gains the intended group-scoped resource permission while a nonmember remains denied
  4. A token without the finance role is rejected for finance operations while a properly scoped token succeeds

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

At the Whitford legal services firm, evidence that a review identifies policy owners risk treatments and verifiable control evidence as separate deliverables directly validates the correction, instead of testing a neighboring service.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The cited result is too remote from the corrective action to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program. The direct evidence should show that a review identifies policy owners risk treatments and verifiable control evidence as separate deliverables. For the Whitford legal services firm, the direct corrective action is to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program.

C:

That observation may be useful for another security or compliance workflow, but the current acceptance test must demonstrate that a review identifies policy owners risk treatments and verifiable control evidence as separate deliverables. For the Whitford legal services firm, the direct corrective action is to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program.

D:

At the Whitford legal services firm, a result about claims-based identity context would not show that the team corrected the failure where meeting a compliance reporting obligation does not alone prove that the underlying threat exposure has been removed.

Question 48

At the Whitford legal services firm, an organization purchases a compliance reporting tool and assumes documented reports eliminate the underlying cyber risk. Which ongoing control best prevents this issue from recurring?

  1. Review privileged role assignments whenever support duties change
  2. Review access grants independently of account sign-in methods
  3. Reconcile governance objectives risk assessments and compliance evidence each reporting cycle
  4. Review identity policies as cloud and remote access expand

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

After implementation, the team should reconcile governance objectives risk assessments and compliance evidence each reporting cycle as the appropriate recurring safeguard against the identified issue. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Whitford legal services firm.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That routine supports zero trust least privilege, but the relevant ongoing risk requires the team to reconcile governance objectives risk assessments and compliance evidence each reporting cycle. For the Whitford legal services firm, the direct corrective action is to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program.

B:

The suggested review does not track the condition behind the incident. Sustained improvement requires the team to reconcile governance objectives risk assessments and compliance evidence each reporting cycle. For the Whitford legal services firm, the direct corrective action is to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program.

D:

This is a maintenance action for a different security or compliance situation, rather than the one that originally failed because meeting a compliance reporting obligation does not alone prove that the underlying threat exposure has been removed. For the Whitford legal services firm, the direct corrective action is to separate governance decisions risk evaluation and evidence of compliance when designing the control program.

Question 49

At the Harborwick insurance organization, a project owner calls buying cyber insurance a technical prevention control that removes the chance of ransomware. Which implementation choice best addresses the situation?

  1. Assign guest operating system updates to the tenant team for its IaaS virtual machines
  2. Establish a supported federated trust so a relying application accepts assertions from the partner identity provider
  3. Grant a resource-scoped read permission that matches the application's approved operations
  4. Record insurance as risk transfer while separately deciding whether to mitigate avoid or accept remaining operational exposure

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The primary failure mode is that financial risk transfer can offset loss but does not prevent or technically contain the underlying event. The proposed action directly fixes it by requiring the team to record insurance as risk transfer while separately deciding whether to mitigate avoid or accept remaining operational exposure; afterward, verify that the risk register distinguishes insured financial exposure from tested protective controls. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Harborwick insurance organization.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This alternative would be suitable where cloud infrastructure management does not ordinarily include patching the customer-controlled IaaS guest operating system. It does not by itself resolve the need to record insurance as risk transfer while separately deciding whether to mitigate avoid or accept remaining operational exposure. For the Harborwick insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to record insurance as risk transfer while separately deciding whether to mitigate avoid or accept remaining operational exposure.

B:

Establish a supported federated trust so a relying application accepts assertions from the partner identity provider addresses a different kind of problem: federation allows separate identity systems to cooperate without requiring every application to store every external user's credentials. Here the reported weakness is that financial risk transfer can offset loss but does not prevent or technically contain the underlying event. For the Harborwick insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to record insurance as risk transfer while separately deciding whether to mitigate avoid or accept remaining operational exposure.

C:

The option addresses the separate situation where authorization controls permitted actions and excessive write rights are not necessary for a read-only requirement. For this case, the more appropriate response is to record insurance as risk transfer while separately deciding whether to mitigate avoid or accept remaining operational exposure. For the Harborwick insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to record insurance as risk transfer while separately deciding whether to mitigate avoid or accept remaining operational exposure.

Question 50

At the Harborwick insurance organization, a project owner calls buying cyber insurance a technical prevention control that removes the chance of ransomware. What risk should the team identify as the primary issue?

  1. A documented baseline only reduces risk when deployed systems remain aligned with it
  2. Automated applications require independently managed identities rather than reliance on a human employee session
  3. Financial risk transfer can offset loss but does not prevent or technically contain the underlying event
  4. Authorization controls permitted actions and excessive write rights are not necessary for a read-only requirement

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The evidence indicates that financial risk transfer can offset loss but does not prevent or technically contain the underlying event. The appropriate response is to record insurance as risk transfer while separately deciding whether to mitigate avoid or accept remaining operational exposure and demonstrate that the risk register distinguishes insured financial exposure from tested protective controls. This result addresses the stated challenge at the Harborwick insurance organization.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This explanation belongs to a different security or compliance situation. In this case, the observable gap is that financial risk transfer can offset loss but does not prevent or technically contain the underlying event. For the Harborwick insurance organization, the direct corrective action is to record insurance as risk transfer while separately deciding whether to mitigate avoid or accept remaining operational exposure.

B:

Automated applications require independently managed identities rather than reliance on a human employee session. That may occur elsewhere, but the evidence at the Harborwick insurance organization instead points to the fact that financial risk transfer can offset loss but does not prevent or technically contain the underlying event.

D:

Authorization controls permitted actions and excessive write rights are not necessary for a read-only requirement. That is not the mechanism that accounts for the stated failure at the Harborwick insurance organization.