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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Certification Provider: Amazon

Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 12

Question 110

An architecture review recommends this solution: Place an SQS queue between submission and processing, with appropriately scaled consumers and DLQ policy. The motivating situation is: Order processing must survive transient database outages without permanently losing accepted incoming work. Why does this approach fit the stated design constraints?

  1. Cross-Region Replication asynchronously copies eligible objects between configured buckets
  2. Route 53 health-check failover can redirect future DNS resolutions between operational regional endpoints
  3. Durable queues decouple intake availability from downstream processing failures
  4. IAM Identity Center coordinates workforce SSO permission sets across accounts

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Place an SQS queue between submission and processing, with appropriately scaled consumers and DLQ policy. The expected supporting evidence is: Accepted messages remain durable during database downtime and are eventually processed when consumers recover.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Only source-region S3 versioning is enabled, but no replication rule or role exists. The stated evidence instead indicates: Synchronous request-to-database coupling loses or rejects work whenever the database is unavailable.

B:

The backup Region exists but DNS routing never changes after primary endpoint failure. The stated evidence instead indicates: Synchronous request-to-database coupling loses or rejects work whenever the database is unavailable.

D:

Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation. The stated evidence instead indicates: Synchronous request-to-database coupling loses or rejects work whenever the database is unavailable.

Question 111

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A brittle order-processing script has nested retries and no durable checkpoint between separate workflow steps. Requirement B: A public S3 bucket and KMS key unexpectedly trust principals outside the company's AWS organization. Choose TWO actions that directly address these separate problems.

  1. Run IAM Access Analyzer external-access findings scoped to the organization and fix the exact resource policies
  2. Move the suitable multi-step orchestration into Step Functions with named states, bounded retries and error paths
  3. Use Systems Manager Patch Manager with patch baselines and maintenance-window runbooks
  4. Aggregate CloudTrail management events with appropriately protected central storage and searchable event records
  5. Configure the supported subscription delivery policy, retries and dead-letter queue where applicable

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A public S3 bucket and KMS key unexpectedly trust principals outside the company's AWS organization. Access Analyzer detects eligible resource trust outside its zone of trust. A direct acceptance check is: Cross-account access findings identify external principals and clear only when permissions are corrected.

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A brittle order-processing script has nested retries and no durable checkpoint between separate workflow steps. State machines improve auditability when state transitions and idempotency are designed. A direct acceptance check is: A retry resumes the failed state without independently rerunning successful steps and errors are visible in execution history.

Incorrect Answers

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Hundreds of EC2 hosts need scheduled patch windows with evidence of patch compliance and approved maintenance boundaries. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Systems Manager supports fleet patching with centralized baselines and maintenance windows; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: An incident reviewer needs a timeline of a suspicious IAM policy change made across member accounts. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. CloudTrail API event evidence supports investigation of changes to account control-plane resources; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: An SNS topic invokes an asynchronous HTTP subscriber with intermittent failures and business needs controlled redelivery. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. SNS subscriber reliability relies on delivery retries and appropriately configured dead-letter destinations; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 112

An architecture review recommends this solution: Configure an organization trail delivered to a protected central S3 bucket with appropriate key and bucket controls. The motivating situation is: Compliance requires protected organization-wide API activity logs to flow into a centralized security account with controlled deletion. Which statement explains why the recommendation solves the specific problem?

  1. IAM Identity Center coordinates workforce SSO permission sets across accounts
  2. Transit Gateway peering requires explicit routing between the regional gateways
  3. IAM Access Analyzer analyzes resource-based policies for external access outside the chosen trust zone
  4. AWS Organizations trails centralize multi-account CloudTrail logging when storage access is secured

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Configure an organization trail delivered to a protected central S3 bucket with appropriate key and bucket controls. The expected supporting evidence is: Every enrolled account produces expected trail events in the security account and workloads cannot delete retained logs.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Individual IAM users were being created per account instead of using centralized workforce federation. The stated evidence instead indicates: Disjoint local-account trails leave central auditors with incomplete visibility.

B:

The architecture assumes that Transit Gateway peering automatically propagates interregional routes. The stated evidence instead indicates: Disjoint local-account trails leave central auditors with incomplete visibility.

C:

Resource policies were never checked for access beyond the organization's trust boundary. The stated evidence instead indicates: Disjoint local-account trails leave central auditors with incomplete visibility.

Question 113

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A mature EC2 service wants to reduce response latency and CPU cost by moving to Graviton while preserving custom native dependencies. Which proposed change addresses the stated constraint most directly?

  1. Configure CloudFront caching with appropriate TTL, cache keys and regional origin controls
  2. Configure Global Accelerator listeners and healthy regional ALB or NLB endpoints
  3. Configure CloudFront Origin Access Control with an origin bucket policy restricted to the distribution
  4. Benchmark supported arm64 builds on Graviton instance families and deploy only after compatibility validation

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Graviton migration requires compatible architecture builds and representative workload benchmarking. The required architecture outcome is: A mature EC2 service wants to reduce response latency and CPU cost by moving to Graviton while preserving custom native dependencies. Validate this choice by checking that p95 latency and unit costs improve in a representative arm64 canary with all native libraries working.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Every static asset fetch goes to a distant origin instead of the edge cache. The specific problem here is that the team assumes an x86 machine image and native binaries can run unchanged on arm64.

B:

Region-specific public IPs and DNS routing do not provide the needed global anycast transport optimization. The specific problem here is that the team assumes an x86 machine image and native binaries can run unchanged on arm64.

C:

A public bucket policy exposes origin objects outside the intended CloudFront access path. The specific problem here is that the team assumes an x86 machine image and native binaries can run unchanged on arm64.

Question 114

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A multi-AZ production stack has never been tested with a failed Availability Zone during working hours. Requirement B: Enterprise billing shows a stable EC2 spend baseline but Savings Plans are not aligned with actual account usage. Which TWO architecture changes cover both acceptance criteria?

  1. Collect proper monitoring and evaluate AWS Compute Optimizer recommendations with SLO tests
  2. Analyze Cost Explorer coverage and utilization before adjusting a suitable commitment
  3. Configure and verify Route 53 failover records with endpoint health checks and explicit secondary routing
  4. Configure organization-wide GuardDuty administration with supported automatic enrollment and region strategy
  5. Run controlled AWS Fault Injection Service scenarios with safety guardrails and predeclared stop conditions

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: Enterprise billing shows a stable EC2 spend baseline but Savings Plans are not aligned with actual account usage. Savings Plan decisions require evidence about coverage and utilization of eligible compute. A direct acceptance check is: Eligible baseline compute spend receives discounts without excessive underused commitment.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A multi-AZ production stack has never been tested with a failed Availability Zone during working hours. Fault injection validates real system behavior within approved experiment boundaries. A direct acceptance check is: The stack tolerates the injected zonal fault and stop alarms terminate experiments as planned.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: An EC2 fleet has low utilization and a migration team wants instance-family replacement recommendations backed by memory metrics. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Compute Optimizer estimates rightsizing opportunities subject to compatibility and workload validation; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Two Regions are deployed but customer requests stay routed to the failed primary endpoint indefinitely. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. DNS failover needs a health-signal and routing policy that actually switches answers; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: The security team manages GuardDuty separately in 50 accounts and misses newly created member accounts. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Central GuardDuty administration supports ongoing multi-account detection enrollment; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 115

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A headquarters requires a resilient private link to workloads in two Regions and must avoid routing all traffic over the public internet. What should the solutions architect recommend?

  1. Attach the VPCs to one centrally governed Transit Gateway and propagate approved attachment routes
  2. Enable S3 Cross-Region Replication with correct versioning, role permissions and ownership controls
  3. Configure redundant site-to-site VPN tunnels as the tested backup to the Direct Connect path
  4. Provision redundant Direct Connect connections and a Direct Connect gateway associated with appropriate transit or virtual private gateways

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Independent Direct Connect circuits and correctly associated gateways improve hybrid-path resiliency. The required architecture outcome is: A headquarters requires a resilient private link to workloads in two Regions and must avoid routing all traffic over the public internet. Validate this choice by checking that Both circuits carry permitted private routes, and a deliberate single-circuit outage retains connectivity.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Separate point-to-point VPC peering connections lack transitive routing and are difficult to govern at scale. The specific problem here is that a single Direct Connect circuit creates a site-to-cloud connectivity single point of failure.

B:

Only source-region S3 versioning is enabled, but no replication rule or role exists. The specific problem here is that a single Direct Connect circuit creates a site-to-cloud connectivity single point of failure.

C:

There is no independently functioning VPN path when private connectivity goes down. The specific problem here is that a single Direct Connect circuit creates a site-to-cloud connectivity single point of failure.

Question 116

For the enterprise requirement "Two Regions are deployed but customer requests stay routed to the failed primary endpoint indefinitely", the team implemented this change: Configure and verify Route 53 failover records with endpoint health checks and explicit secondary routing. Which outcome is the most meaningful acceptance test?

  1. Restoring a suitable past timestamp creates a usable table with correct records
  2. Database failover restarts service within the tested objective after a zone loss
  3. Chargeback results trace shared spend to accounted requests or accountable service consumers
  4. After a simulated endpoint failure, new DNS queries return the secondary healthy Region

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. DNS failover needs a health-signal and routing policy that actually switches answers. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Two Regions are deployed but customer requests stay routed to the failed primary endpoint indefinitely.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Restoring a suitable past timestamp creates a usable table with correct records. However, this does not establish the required outcome: after a simulated endpoint failure, new DNS queries return the secondary healthy Region.

B:

That evidence is associated with a separate architecture requirement: A mission-critical RDS instance is single-AZ and routine maintenance causes extended application downtime. It does not prove that this case was remediated. The relevant observation must be: After a simulated endpoint failure, new DNS queries return the secondary healthy Region. The associated design principle is: DNS failover needs a health-signal and routing policy that actually switches answers.

C:

Chargeback results trace shared spend to accounted requests or accountable service consumers. However, this does not establish the required outcome: after a simulated endpoint failure, new DNS queries return the secondary healthy Region.

Question 117

An architecture review recommends this solution: Deploy a supported EKS architecture with managed control plane and appropriate node or Fargate capacity. The motivating situation is: A platform team requires Kubernetes APIs, admission policies and custom controllers while moving a container platform to AWS. Which consideration makes this solution preferable to the original approach?

  1. Correct cache placement and invalidation reduce repeated work without violating freshness needs
  2. Fargate can run supported ECS container tasks without customer-managed worker hosts
  3. Serverless APIs can separate scaling from continuously provisioned application servers
  4. EKS provides a managed Kubernetes control plane for teams using Kubernetes-native tooling

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Deploy a supported EKS architecture with managed control plane and appropriate node or Fargate capacity. The expected supporting evidence is: Kubernetes manifests and controllers operate within approved permissions and the control plane is managed.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Repeated uncached database work dominates response latency and compute expense. The stated evidence instead indicates: A non-Kubernetes orchestrator was chosen despite strict Kubernetes extension compatibility requirements.

B:

Dedicated EC2 servers remain the scaling bottleneck for stateless containerized workloads. The stated evidence instead indicates: A non-Kubernetes orchestrator was chosen despite strict Kubernetes extension compatibility requirements.

C:

Always-on monolith capacity is required merely to handle infrequent independent endpoints. The stated evidence instead indicates: A non-Kubernetes orchestrator was chosen despite strict Kubernetes extension compatibility requirements.

Question 118

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A global network has rising cross-AZ and inter-Region transfer bills despite healthy compute utilization. Requirement B: A distributed transaction takes too long but the application log contains no per-hop timing breakdown. Select TWO independent changes that meet the named requirements.

  1. Instrument eligible application components with AWS X-Ray tracing or supported distributed tracing correlation
  2. Analyze transfer usage in CUR and network metrics; redesign unnecessary cross-AZ chatty application flows
  3. Analyze Cost Explorer coverage and utilization before adjusting a suitable commitment
  4. Enable supported Container Insights telemetry for task and service performance diagnostics
  5. Use Systems Manager Patch Manager with patch baselines and maintenance-window runbooks

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A distributed transaction takes too long but the application log contains no per-hop timing breakdown. Distributed tracing provides span-level request-path visibility across instrumented services. A direct acceptance check is: A test transaction shows the slow downstream dependency and request trace span timing.

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A global network has rising cross-AZ and inter-Region transfer bills despite healthy compute utilization. Placement and traffic pattern matter to data transfer costs as much as raw compute prices. A direct acceptance check is: Data-transfer charges drop while latency and resilience objectives still pass.

Incorrect Answers

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Enterprise billing shows a stable EC2 spend baseline but Savings Plans are not aligned with actual account usage. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Savings Plan decisions require evidence about coverage and utilization of eligible compute; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: An ECS fleet is experiencing p99 delays but per-container CPU and memory usage are absent from operational dashboards. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Container Insights provides enhanced telemetry for container infrastructure; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Hundreds of EC2 hosts need scheduled patch windows with evidence of patch compliance and approved maintenance boundaries. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Systems Manager supports fleet patching with centralized baselines and maintenance windows; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 119

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A business must migrate production database tables while serving users until the final narrow cutover. Which failure mechanism should the team correct?

  1. A one-time export leaves days of writes uncopied before final deployment
  2. An all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk
  3. Local instance disks are wrongly used as a shared durable POSIX file system
  4. Workflow state and failure recovery are hidden in fragile custom imperative scripts

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Online database migration requires ongoing change capture and carefully managed cutover semantics. The appropriate correction is: Use staged schema compatibility, full-load plus CDC migration and controlled dual-environment cutover tests. The control should then be tested by verifying that Source and destination data reconcile, CDC lag reaches the target and switching endpoints remains reversible.

Incorrect Answers

B:

An all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk. The stated evidence instead indicates: A one-time export leaves days of writes uncopied before final deployment.

C:

Local instance disks are wrongly used as a shared durable POSIX file system. The stated evidence instead indicates: A one-time export leaves days of writes uncopied before final deployment.

D:

Workflow state and failure recovery are hidden in fragile custom imperative scripts. The stated evidence instead indicates: A one-time export leaves days of writes uncopied before final deployment.

Question 120

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Finance needs engineering costs apportioned by team using tags rather than guessed from account totals. Requirement B: Six VPCs in three accounts need private east-west connectivity without an O(N²) peering mesh. Which TWO responses resolve the stated issues without substituting unrelated mechanisms?

  1. Activate standardized cost allocation tags and enforce tagging through governance processes
  2. Attach the VPCs to one centrally governed Transit Gateway and propagate approved attachment routes
  3. Expose the provider through an endpoint service behind a Network Load Balancer and create consumer interface VPC endpoints
  4. Use distinct AWS Organizations organizational units and apply targeted service control policies per OU
  5. Use Compute Optimizer and validate monitoring data before right-sizing eligible instances

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Finance needs engineering costs apportioned by team using tags rather than guessed from account totals. Cost allocation tags must be activated before they appear in billing cost analytics. A direct acceptance check is: Cost and Usage Reports or Cost Explorer show tagged team spend after activation and reporting delay.

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: Six VPCs in three accounts need private east-west connectivity without an O(N²) peering mesh. Transit Gateway supplies centralized transitive VPC connectivity when attachment route tables and security policies are configured. A direct acceptance check is: Approved application subnets reach each other through Transit Gateway routes and unauthorized segments remain isolated.

Incorrect Answers

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Many workload VPCs need access to a privately published service without opening routing to the provider's whole VPC. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. AWS PrivateLink exposes a selected service to consumers without full network-to-network reachability; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: Legal and nonproduction workloads require different organizational guardrails but must share central billing. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Organizational units help assign governance boundaries to related member accounts; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Dozens of overprovisioned EC2 instances need evidence-based CPU and memory sizing recommendations before changing families. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Compute Optimizer uses resource metrics and recommendations but must be checked against workload SLOs; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.