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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Certification Provider: Amazon

Corresponding Certification: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 14

Question 130

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: A platform service incurs shared transfer charges that cannot be assigned to consuming product teams. Requirement B: Hundreds of EC2 hosts need scheduled patch windows with evidence of patch compliance and approved maintenance boundaries. Which TWO recommendations jointly satisfy requirements A and B?

  1. Enable Security Hub delegated administration and finding aggregation for the target accounts and Regions
  2. Gate a least-privilege Systems Manager Automation runbook with an aws:approve step and retain change approval and execution records
  3. Use Cost Optimization Hub for supported consolidated recommendations and track deduplicated savings
  4. Use Systems Manager Patch Manager with patch baselines and maintenance-window runbooks
  5. Enable detailed Cost and Usage Reports with cost categories or properly activated allocation tags

Explanation

Correct Answers

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: Hundreds of EC2 hosts need scheduled patch windows with evidence of patch compliance and approved maintenance boundaries. Systems Manager supports fleet patching with centralized baselines and maintenance windows. A direct acceptance check is: Compliance reports show applied baselines and chosen hosts patched only during approved windows.

E:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: A platform service incurs shared transfer charges that cannot be assigned to consuming product teams. CUR data and explicit allocation logic improve auditable cost attribution. A direct acceptance check is: Chargeback results trace shared spend to accounted requests or accountable service consumers.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A corporate SOC needs one prioritized security findings view across enabled security services and Regions. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Security Hub consolidates security posture and findings from participating services; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

B:

This action targets a different technical need: Production maintenance requires an explicit approval and tracked change record before automation updates EC2 systems. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Controlled automation separates approval from execution and preserves traceability; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Finance collects optimizer suggestions from Compute Optimizer, Trusted Advisor and cost dashboards but counts the same recommendation more than once. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Consolidated savings recommendations should not be summed blindly across sources; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 131

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A company must perform recurring secure file synchronization from on-premises NAS into Amazon S3 with minimal custom scripting. Which root cause is most consistent with the observation?

  1. Database engine migration was assumed to be a simple homogeneous replication job
  2. Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover
  3. Homegrown scripts do not handle incremental transfer, scheduling and verification consistently
  4. One-time offline export cannot satisfy the narrow write-freeze window

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. AWS DataSync automates supported file and object movement with verification features. The appropriate correction is: Use AWS DataSync agents and tasks with scheduling and integrity validation. The control should then be tested by verifying that Eligible file changes are transferred and verified by a scheduled DataSync task.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Database engine migration was assumed to be a simple homogeneous replication job. The stated evidence instead indicates: Homegrown scripts do not handle incremental transfer, scheduling and verification consistently.

B:

Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover. The stated evidence instead indicates: Homegrown scripts do not handle incremental transfer, scheduling and verification consistently.

D:

One-time offline export cannot satisfy the narrow write-freeze window. The stated evidence instead indicates: Homegrown scripts do not handle incremental transfer, scheduling and verification consistently.

Question 132

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A high-throughput EC2 network service shows packet processing CPU saturation and must exploit modern instance network acceleration. Which root cause is most consistent with the observation?

  1. Unsupported drivers or unsuitable instance networking features cap throughput
  2. One overbroad bucket-level policy grants both teams access to all data
  3. Cluster compute totals are misleading because the needed task resources are not schedulable
  4. Only instance host metrics exist and individual container bottlenecks cannot be isolated

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Enhanced networking capabilities require compatible instance types and operating-system drivers. The appropriate correction is: Use compatible enhanced networking drivers and appropriately sized instance network bandwidth. The control should then be tested by verifying that Representative traffic reaches required throughput with improved CPU efficiency and no driver errors.

Incorrect Answers

B:

One overbroad bucket-level policy grants both teams access to all data. The stated evidence instead indicates: Unsupported drivers or unsuitable instance networking features cap throughput.

C:

Cluster compute totals are misleading because the needed task resources are not schedulable. The stated evidence instead indicates: Unsupported drivers or unsuitable instance networking features cap throughput.

D:

Only instance host metrics exist and individual container bottlenecks cannot be isolated. The stated evidence instead indicates: Unsupported drivers or unsuitable instance networking features cap throughput.

Question 133

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A high-traffic EC2 service must release a risky version while keeping a rapid rollback path and without terminating all healthy targets at once. What should the solutions architect recommend?

  1. Use CloudFormation StackSets with the appropriate organization deployment permissions and guarded account or OU targeting
  2. Configure Route 53 health checks with primary and secondary failover records and tested TTL behavior
  3. Use CodeDeploy blue-green deployment with alternate load balancer target groups and rollback alarms
  4. Publish a Lambda version and configure weighted alias routing with deployment alarms

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Blue-green deployment separates old and new environments to support safe traffic shifting. The required architecture outcome is: A high-traffic EC2 service must release a risky version while keeping a rapid rollback path and without terminating all healthy targets at once. Validate this choice by checking that Requests switch to the replacement environment only after health tests pass, and rollback returns traffic to old targets.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Individual account stacks were created manually and drift from the approved baseline. The specific problem here is that in-place overwriting of every production instance removed the healthy comparison environment.

B:

Records use ordinary simple routing without failover health awareness. The specific problem here is that in-place overwriting of every production instance removed the healthy comparison environment.

D:

The function's unqualified ARN always invokes latest code for all users, bypassing version routing. The specific problem here is that in-place overwriting of every production instance removed the healthy comparison environment.

Question 134

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: An AWS KMS-encrypted data key is shared with a role but decrypts still fail because the key's resource policy grants no access. What design flaw is the best match for the reported condition?

  1. IAM principal permission was mistaken for sufficient access despite a restrictive KMS key policy
  2. Static IAM user access keys were embedded in the external CI configuration
  3. Unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured
  4. Traffic bypasses inspection endpoints, so rules exist but are never reached

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. KMS key authorization depends on the owning key policy as well as applicable principal policies. The appropriate correction is: Update the KMS key policy or grants alongside the principal's IAM permissions as required. The control should then be tested by verifying that The authorized role decrypts the designated ciphertext while an unrelated role remains denied.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Static IAM user access keys were embedded in the external CI configuration. The stated evidence instead indicates: IAM principal permission was mistaken for sufficient access despite a restrictive KMS key policy.

C:

Unbounded request bursts overload backends because no gateway rate protection is configured. The stated evidence instead indicates: IAM principal permission was mistaken for sufficient access despite a restrictive KMS key policy.

D:

Traffic bypasses inspection endpoints, so rules exist but are never reached. The stated evidence instead indicates: IAM principal permission was mistaken for sufficient access despite a restrictive KMS key policy.

Question 135

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: An EKS service experiences 503 errors during rolling updates because pods accept traffic before dependencies initialize. Which missing control accounts for the continuing issue?

  1. The application is exposed to one database host or zonal compute failure
  2. Threat detection remains inconsistently deployed across member accounts and Regions
  3. Kubernetes deployment treats process startup as adequate evidence of request readiness
  4. Standard short-lived backups cannot recover the exact chosen accidental-update point

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Readiness and graceful termination controls reduce errors during normal rolling changes. The appropriate correction is: Configure readiness probes, deployment surge policy and graceful termination semantics. The control should then be tested by verifying that Load tests show traffic reaches only ready pods and terminating pods finish work before deletion.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The application is exposed to one database host or zonal compute failure. The stated evidence instead indicates: Kubernetes deployment treats process startup as adequate evidence of request readiness.

B:

Threat detection remains inconsistently deployed across member accounts and Regions. The stated evidence instead indicates: Kubernetes deployment treats process startup as adequate evidence of request readiness.

D:

Standard short-lived backups cannot recover the exact chosen accidental-update point. The stated evidence instead indicates: Kubernetes deployment treats process startup as adequate evidence of request readiness.

Question 136

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Network administrators must manage a shared subnet centrally while application accounts place their own resources in it. Requirement B: An enterprise wants line-item chargeback for data transfer and service usage across hundreds of accounts. Which TWO controls should be used together for these separate scenarios?

  1. Enable VPC subnet sharing through AWS RAM for eligible accounts in the same organization
  2. Export AWS Cost and Usage Reports to S3 and query them with Athena or a billing data analysis workflow
  3. Use AWS Organizations backup policies with verified account opt-in, vaults and access controls
  4. Use Transit Gateway inspection VPC attachment with appliance mode and explicit symmetric inspection routes
  5. Use AWS Cost Optimization Hub with supported account enrollment and recommendation aggregation

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Network administrators must manage a shared subnet centrally while application accounts place their own resources in it. VPC sharing separates network ownership from application resource ownership. A direct acceptance check is: Participant-owned permitted resources deploy into the shared subnet while networking account retains network ownership.

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: An enterprise wants line-item chargeback for data transfer and service usage across hundreds of accounts. The Cost and Usage Report provides detailed billing facts for accountable cost analysis. A direct acceptance check is: Finance can reconcile detailed usage line items to accounts and cost categories.

Incorrect Answers

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Critical backups must be scheduled consistently across many application accounts and retained by policy. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Organization backup policies support common baseline definitions but still require functioning target configuration; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: An organization needs central inspection of east-west traffic from multiple spoke VPCs without asymmetric return flows. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Stateful network inspection requires symmetric paths through the selected inspection appliance; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Operations needs one centralized queue of cost optimization recommendations from multiple AWS services. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Cost Optimization Hub consolidates and de-duplicates supported AWS cost recommendations; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 137

An architecture review recommends this solution: Deploy an AWS Control Tower landing zone and Account Factory-based governance with planned organizational units. The motivating situation is: A startup expects to grow from five accounts to 100 and needs baseline account vending and preventive guardrails. Which consideration makes this solution preferable to the original approach?

  1. Session policies intersect with role permissions and can reduce privileges for one temporary session
  2. An organization trail and protected storage form a centralized account-wide auditing design
  3. AWS Config aggregators consolidate configuration and compliance data without changing source resources
  4. AWS Control Tower provides managed landing-zone governance and standardized account provisioning

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Deploy an AWS Control Tower landing zone and Account Factory-based governance with planned organizational units. The expected supporting evidence is: New vended accounts inherit required landing-zone logging, identity and governance baselines.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An overly broad assumed-role session is not constrained to the vendor's assigned resources. The stated evidence instead indicates: New accounts are assembled by ad hoc scripts with inconsistent security baselines.

B:

Local activity trails are not consolidated into the audit security boundary. The stated evidence instead indicates: New accounts are assembled by ad hoc scripts with inconsistent security baselines.

C:

Local Config assessments exist but no aggregation exposes cross-account status. The stated evidence instead indicates: New accounts are assembled by ad hoc scripts with inconsistent security baselines.

Question 138

An architecture review recommends this solution: Introduce caching with explicit expiry and invalidation policies using CloudFront or ElastiCache as appropriate. The motivating situation is: An ecommerce backend repeatedly recomputes expensive reads for product listings that change infrequently. Which architectural reasoning is most accurate for the choice?

  1. Correct cache placement and invalidation reduce repeated work without violating freshness needs
  2. Incremental strangler migration reduces cutover risk through bounded feature replacement
  3. A shared governed object-storage lake decouples data retention from individual processing engines
  4. Unified trace context and structured observability improve distributed troubleshooting

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Introduce caching with explicit expiry and invalidation policies using CloudFront or ElastiCache as appropriate. The expected supporting evidence is: Hot listing requests avoid origin recomputation while updates invalidate stale items within product SLAs.

Incorrect Answers

B:

An all-at-once replacement has unacceptable outage and rollback risk. The stated evidence instead indicates: Repeated uncached database work dominates response latency and compute expense.

C:

All analytics jobs depend on a single custom ETL server and its directly attached storage. The stated evidence instead indicates: Repeated uncached database work dominates response latency and compute expense.

D:

Separate component logs cannot be correlated to customer transactions. The stated evidence instead indicates: Repeated uncached database work dominates response latency and compute expense.

Question 139

An architecture review recommends this solution: Move the secret to AWS Secrets Manager and adopt controlled retrieval and rotation integration. The motivating situation is: A service currently stores a database password in deployment environment text and needs managed rotation without code updates. Which technical principle most strongly justifies this recommendation?

  1. KMS key authorization depends on the owning key policy as well as applicable principal policies
  2. GuardDuty consumes AWS data sources to identify suspicious behavior and report findings
  3. Multi-AZ target placement and health-driven scaling provide elastic zonal resilience
  4. Secrets Manager can store and rotate secrets with applications retrieving current authorized values

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Move the secret to AWS Secrets Manager and adopt controlled retrieval and rotation integration. The expected supporting evidence is: A rotation completes, the application authenticates with the new value, and old credentials are not exposed.

Incorrect Answers

A:

IAM principal permission was mistaken for sufficient access despite a restrictive KMS key policy. The stated evidence instead indicates: A static password in deployment parameters cannot be centrally rotated safely.

B:

Raw CloudTrail logs were collected but no managed threat-detection findings were enabled. The stated evidence instead indicates: A static password in deployment parameters cannot be centrally rotated safely.

C:

Instance capacity is pinned to one zone with no automated target recovery. The stated evidence instead indicates: A static password in deployment parameters cannot be centrally rotated safely.

Question 140

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: An organization has a COBOL mainframe workflow that requires staged modernization rather than a blind VM copy. Requirement B: A collection of EC2 workers shares POSIX files and needs common file semantics while scaling workers separately. Which TWO controls should be used together for these separate scenarios?

  1. Deploy a supported EKS architecture with managed control plane and appropriate node or Fargate capacity
  2. Migrate shared application files to Amazon EFS with appropriate mount targets and throughput configuration
  3. Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool or appropriate supported schema conversion assessment, then AWS DMS for data
  4. Assess the COBOL and batch-job dependencies, then evaluate AWS Transform for mainframe and supported vendor replatforming paths
  5. Introduce caching with explicit expiry and invalidation policies using CloudFront or ElastiCache as appropriate

Explanation

Correct Answers

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: A collection of EC2 workers shares POSIX files and needs common file semantics while scaling workers separately. EFS provides managed shared NFS file storage for distributed Linux clients. A direct acceptance check is: Independently scaled workers can access the same files over supported NFS semantics.

D:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: An organization has a COBOL mainframe workflow that requires staged modernization rather than a blind VM copy. Mainframe migrations need purpose-built assessment and conversion or replatform planning. A direct acceptance check is: A pilot demonstrates the chosen mainframe transformation path and acceptable business results.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This action targets a different technical need: A platform team requires Kubernetes APIs, admission policies and custom controllers while moving a container platform to AWS. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. EKS provides a managed Kubernetes control plane for teams using Kubernetes-native tooling; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

C:

This action targets a different technical need: A SQL Server estate must migrate to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL despite vendor-specific T-SQL constructs. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Heterogeneous database migrations require explicit schema and application compatibility work; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: An ecommerce backend repeatedly recomputes expensive reads for product listings that change infrequently. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Correct cache placement and invalidation reduce repeated work without violating freshness needs; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.