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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Bundle

Exam Code: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

Exam Name AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02

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Amazon AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test 16

Question 150

An architecture review recommends this solution: Model expected service usage in AWS Pricing Calculator and compare results against historical billing trends. The motivating situation is: Capacity planners need a monthly cost forecast that reflects a new Region and expected usage growth before deployment. Why is this architecture appropriate for the described workload?

  1. Architecture forecasts require explicit usage assumptions rather than extrapolation without design changes
  2. Compute Savings Plans apply eligible usage discounts across supported services and configurations
  3. Inbound Resolver endpoints enable hybrid clients to ask VPC-associated private-zone DNS questions
  4. S3 Storage Lens supports visibility into storage activity and efficiency metrics

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Model expected service usage in AWS Pricing Calculator and compare results against historical billing trends. The expected supporting evidence is: Proposed architecture cost estimates can be traced to entered quantities and forecast assumptions.

Incorrect Answers

B:

On-demand usage was left wholly uncommitted despite predictable baseline compute consumption. The stated evidence instead indicates: Previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint.

C:

On-premises DNS has no forwarding path into the VPC's Route 53 Resolver. The stated evidence instead indicates: Previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint.

D:

Teams have only aggregate bills and cannot locate the source of inefficient storage usage. The stated evidence instead indicates: Previous-month charges were presented as accurate forecasts for an expanded future footprint.

Question 151

An architecture review recommends this solution: Prefer a supported homogeneous DMS migration or native replication pattern with CDC where suitable. The motivating situation is: A source MySQL workload must migrate to Amazon RDS MySQL without an engine conversion project. Why does this approach fit the stated design constraints?

  1. AWS MGN supports continuous server replication and orchestrated rehosting validation
  2. AWS DataSync automates supported file and object movement with verification features
  3. Online database migration requires ongoing change capture and carefully managed cutover semantics
  4. Homogeneous migrations usually focus on data replication, compatibility details and cutover rather than engine-language rewrite

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Prefer a supported homogeneous DMS migration or native replication pattern with CDC where suitable. The expected supporting evidence is: Destination table state stays synchronized and the application passes a reversible cutover test.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Manual one-time disk copying cannot keep hundreds of moving workloads synchronized until cutover. The stated evidence instead indicates: Complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration.

B:

Homegrown scripts do not handle incremental transfer, scheduling and verification consistently. The stated evidence instead indicates: Complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration.

C:

A one-time export leaves days of writes uncopied before final deployment. The stated evidence instead indicates: Complex heterogeneous schema conversion was selected unnecessarily for a same-engine migration.

Question 152

For the enterprise requirement "Branch offices retain file shares locally but need backup and tiered cloud-backed storage without replacing every client", the team implemented this change: Evaluate AWS Storage Gateway file or volume gateway mode against existing file protocol and caching requirements. What observed result would demonstrate successful delivery of the requested capability?

  1. Orders complete independently of notification delays, while consumers process retries and duplicate deliveries safely
  2. Local clients retain supported file access while selected data is persisted to eligible AWS storage
  3. Destination rows converge with source changes and validated CDC lag allows the final switchover
  4. Isolated handlers scale according to request demand and meet p95 latency and authorization targets

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. Storage Gateway helps bridge supported on-premises storage protocols to AWS-backed storage. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Branch offices retain file shares locally but need backup and tiered cloud-backed storage without replacing every client.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Orders complete independently of notification delays, while consumers process retries and duplicate deliveries safely. However, this does not establish the required outcome: local clients retain supported file access while selected data is persisted to eligible AWS storage.

C:

Destination rows converge with source changes and validated CDC lag allows the final switchover. However, this does not establish the required outcome: local clients retain supported file access while selected data is persisted to eligible AWS storage.

D:

Isolated handlers scale according to request demand and meet p95 latency and authorization targets. However, this does not establish the required outcome: local clients retain supported file access while selected data is persisted to eligible AWS storage.

Question 153

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: An EC2 fleet has low utilization and a migration team wants instance-family replacement recommendations backed by memory metrics. What design change should the team implement?

  1. Collect proper monitoring and evaluate AWS Compute Optimizer recommendations with SLO tests
  2. Analyze Cost Explorer coverage and utilization before adjusting a suitable commitment
  3. Configure provisioned concurrency for selected published function aliases with suitable demand planning
  4. Enable detailed Cost and Usage Reports with cost categories or properly activated allocation tags

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Compute Optimizer estimates rightsizing opportunities subject to compatibility and workload validation. The required architecture outcome is: An EC2 fleet has low utilization and a migration team wants instance-family replacement recommendations backed by memory metrics. Validate this choice by checking that Chosen sizes meet memory and peak latency needs while reducing wasteful instance spending.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Capacity commitments are purchased solely from forecast without checking historical eligible use. The specific problem here is that instances remain oversized based only on purchase history rather than performance evidence.

C:

On-demand initialization latency is not addressed for the critical invocation path. The specific problem here is that instances remain oversized based only on purchase history rather than performance evidence.

D:

Shared costs are assigned by arbitrary percentage without service consumption evidence. The specific problem here is that instances remain oversized based only on purchase history rather than performance evidence.

Question 154

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A startup expects to grow from five accounts to 100 and needs baseline account vending and preventive guardrails. Which missing control accounts for the continuing issue?

  1. On-premises DNS has no forwarding path into the VPC's Route 53 Resolver
  2. New accounts are assembled by ad hoc scripts with inconsistent security baselines
  3. Local activity trails are not consolidated into the audit security boundary
  4. Each business unit manually maintains duplicative IAM users in workload accounts

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. AWS Control Tower provides managed landing-zone governance and standardized account provisioning. The appropriate correction is: Deploy an AWS Control Tower landing zone and Account Factory-based governance with planned organizational units. The control should then be tested by verifying that New vended accounts inherit required landing-zone logging, identity and governance baselines.

Incorrect Answers

A:

On-premises DNS has no forwarding path into the VPC's Route 53 Resolver. The stated evidence instead indicates: New accounts are assembled by ad hoc scripts with inconsistent security baselines.

C:

Local activity trails are not consolidated into the audit security boundary. The stated evidence instead indicates: New accounts are assembled by ad hoc scripts with inconsistent security baselines.

D:

Each business unit manually maintains duplicative IAM users in workload accounts. The stated evidence instead indicates: New accounts are assembled by ad hoc scripts with inconsistent security baselines.

Question 155

For the enterprise requirement "Network administrators must manage a shared subnet centrally while application accounts place their own resources in it", the team implemented this change: Enable VPC subnet sharing through AWS RAM for eligible accounts in the same organization. What would most directly validate the implementation?

  1. Participant-owned permitted resources deploy into the shared subnet while networking account retains network ownership
  2. New vended accounts inherit required landing-zone logging, identity and governance baselines
  3. Revoking a staff member's assignment removes their delegated access without per-account user deletion
  4. Tested resized instances meet p95 latency goals while recommended savings are observed

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

This measures the behavior required by the specific solution, rather than simply checking that it was configured. VPC sharing separates network ownership from application resource ownership. The acceptance condition is linked directly to the scenario: Network administrators must manage a shared subnet centrally while application accounts place their own resources in it.

Incorrect Answers

B:

New vended accounts inherit required landing-zone logging, identity and governance baselines. However, this does not establish the required outcome: participant-owned permitted resources deploy into the shared subnet while networking account retains network ownership.

C:

Revoking a staff member's assignment removes their delegated access without per-account user deletion. However, this does not establish the required outcome: participant-owned permitted resources deploy into the shared subnet while networking account retains network ownership.

D:

Tested resized instances meet p95 latency goals while recommended savings are observed. However, this does not establish the required outcome: participant-owned permitted resources deploy into the shared subnet while networking account retains network ownership.

Question 156

A professional architect is reviewing two independent workstreams. Requirement A: Internal mTLS certificates for services must be issued under a private organizational trust root with controlled rotation. Requirement B: Hundreds of virtual machines require orchestrated recovery into AWS after a primary on-premises site failure. Which TWO recommendations jointly satisfy requirements A and B?

  1. Use AWS Private CA to issue private certificates with a managed trust chain and documented renewal
  2. Use AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery with supported source replication and recovery drills
  3. Establish a Transit Gateway peering attachment and add the appropriate static routes in both Transit Gateway route tables
  4. Place an SQS queue between submission and processing, with appropriately scaled consumers and DLQ policy
  5. Configure IAM Identity Center with enterprise IdP integration, permission sets and controlled account assignments

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

This action meets the independently stated requirement A: Internal mTLS certificates for services must be issued under a private organizational trust root with controlled rotation. AWS Private CA supports private certificate authorities for internal certificate issuance. A direct acceptance check is: A client trusts the correct private CA chain and rejects a certificate issued outside that trust.

B:

This action meets the independently stated requirement B: Hundreds of virtual machines require orchestrated recovery into AWS after a primary on-premises site failure. AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery supports block-level replication and automated recovery launches. A direct acceptance check is: A drilled failover boots recoverable instances and meets tested recovery objectives and dependency order.

Incorrect Answers

C:

This action targets a different technical need: Two regional Transit Gateways must exchange approved network prefixes without provisioning a separate VPC-to-VPC peering mesh. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Transit Gateway peering requires explicit routing between the regional gateways; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

D:

This action targets a different technical need: Order processing must survive transient database outages without permanently losing accepted incoming work. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. Durable queues decouple intake availability from downstream processing failures; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

E:

This action targets a different technical need: Employees across dozens of AWS accounts must use one corporate identity provider and centrally standardized account assignments. It does not replace either required solution in A or B. IAM Identity Center coordinates workforce SSO permission sets across accounts; verify the two stated requirements independently rather than accepting an unrelated change.

Question 157

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: A transactional RDS instance becomes slow under concurrency and the team needs to distinguish SQL waits from CPU pressure. What was most likely overlooked in the original design?

  1. Cluster compute totals are misleading because the needed task resources are not schedulable
  2. Unattached volumes are treated as free merely because they are not mounted
  3. Engineers scale CPU without analyzing database lock waits or expensive SQL
  4. Misses from different edge caches repeatedly burden the same origin

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Database performance diagnostics should identify the specific bottleneck before scaling. The appropriate correction is: Use CloudWatch Database Insights to identify RDS database load by SQL statements and wait events before changing capacity. The control should then be tested by verifying that The dominant query wait events can be linked to the observed transaction latency.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Cluster compute totals are misleading because the needed task resources are not schedulable. The stated evidence instead indicates: Engineers scale CPU without analyzing database lock waits or expensive SQL.

B:

Unattached volumes are treated as free merely because they are not mounted. The stated evidence instead indicates: Engineers scale CPU without analyzing database lock waits or expensive SQL.

D:

Misses from different edge caches repeatedly burden the same origin. The stated evidence instead indicates: Engineers scale CPU without analyzing database lock waits or expensive SQL.

Question 158

An architecture review recommends this solution: Configure Route 53 health checks with primary and secondary failover records and tested TTL behavior. The motivating situation is: A Route 53 failover policy must move users between two independent public endpoints when the primary application fails. Why is this architecture appropriate for the described workload?

  1. Multi-AZ task placement and auto healing support zonal continuity for stateless applications
  2. DNS health-based failover changes record responses, but clients may cache prior results
  3. Lambda aliases support weighted traffic between published versions with monitored promotion
  4. Backup-and-restore DR suits longer RTO targets when restore execution is practiced

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

This principle explains why the prescribed control is appropriate for the described requirement. The matching design action is: Configure Route 53 health checks with primary and secondary failover records and tested TTL behavior. The expected supporting evidence is: A primary health-check failure leads subsequent name resolutions toward the healthy backup Region.

Incorrect Answers

A:

All containers share a single placement failure domain and cannot be rescheduled in time. The stated evidence instead indicates: Records use ordinary simple routing without failover health awareness.

C:

The function's unqualified ARN always invokes latest code for all users, bypassing version routing. The stated evidence instead indicates: Records use ordinary simple routing without failover health awareness.

D:

A backup exists but no restore procedure or measured restore duration has been proven. The stated evidence instead indicates: Records use ordinary simple routing without failover health awareness.

Question 159

An enterprise architecture team faces this design requirement: A central audit account needs immutable delivery of logs from all workload accounts and Regions. Which architecture decision best meets that precise requirement?

  1. Use organization-wide CloudTrail and central log storage with restrictive bucket access and retention controls
  2. Enable EventBridge event-bus archive and replay for eligible matching events
  3. Set up IAM Identity Center account assignments with role-scoped permission sets and centralized joiner-leaver management
  4. Configure the applicable AWS Organizations delegated administrator in a dedicated security account

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

An organization trail and protected storage form a centralized account-wide auditing design. The required architecture outcome is: A central audit account needs immutable delivery of logs from all workload accounts and Regions. Validate this choice by checking that A new workload account's API activity appears in the central log bucket and member administrators cannot erase it.

Incorrect Answers

B:

No archive or retention mechanism was configured before the subscriber outage. The specific problem here is that local activity trails are not consolidated into the audit security boundary.

C:

Each business unit manually maintains duplicative IAM users in workload accounts. The specific problem here is that local activity trails are not consolidated into the audit security boundary.

D:

Management-account-only operations were mistaken for necessary daily centralized security administration. The specific problem here is that local activity trails are not consolidated into the audit security boundary.

Question 160

A deployed environment still does not meet the original requirement: Large fault-tolerant batch analytics jobs can be interrupted and resumed while the team pays full on-demand prices. Which missing control accounts for the continuing issue?

  1. Fixed hot storage is retained for every object because teams cannot forecast access patterns
  2. Fixed EC2 capacity is provisioned 24/7 despite infrequent invocation
  3. DNS simple routing cannot automatically reflect the application's health
  4. The workload uses only on-demand capacity despite safe restart or checkpoint semantics

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

This is the technical design error aligned with the unmet requirement. Spot Instances optimize interruptible capacity costs when jobs tolerate reclaim events. The appropriate correction is: Use EC2 Spot capacity with checkpointing and interruption-aware retry mechanisms. The control should then be tested by verifying that A simulated interruption causes bounded rework and lowers total compute cost without losing final results.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Fixed hot storage is retained for every object because teams cannot forecast access patterns. The stated evidence instead indicates: The workload uses only on-demand capacity despite safe restart or checkpoint semantics.

B:

Fixed EC2 capacity is provisioned 24/7 despite infrequent invocation. The stated evidence instead indicates: The workload uses only on-demand capacity despite safe restart or checkpoint semantics.

C:

DNS simple routing cannot automatically reflect the application's health. The stated evidence instead indicates: The workload uses only on-demand capacity despite safe restart or checkpoint semantics.